    DNA MOLECULES AND THE OVERWHELMING ODDS AGAINST EVOLUTION

   Within each cell there is an area called the nucleus which contains
the all-important chromosomes.  Chromosomes are microscopically small,
rod-shaped structures which carry the genes.  Within the chromosomes is
an even smaller structure called DNA.  This is one of the most important
chemical substances in the human body -- or in any other living thing.
Increasing scientific understanding of DNA molecules has revealed
enormous problems for materialism.

    DNA is a super-molecule which stores coded hereditary information.
It consists of two long "chains" of chemical "building blocks" paired
together.  In humans, the strands of DNA are almost 2 yards long, yet
less than a trillionth of an inch thick.

    In function, DNA is somewhat like a computer program on a floppy
disk.  It stores and transfers encoded information and instructions.  It
is said that the DNA  of a human stores enough information code to fill
1,000 books -- each with 500 pages of very small, closely-printed type.
The DNA code produces a product far more sophisticated than that of any
computer.  Amazingly, this enormous set of instructions fits with ease
within a single cell and routinely directs the formation of entire adult
humans, starting with just a single fertilized egg.  Even the DNA of a
bacterium is highly complex, containing at least 3 million units, all
aligned in a very precise, meaningful sequence.

   DNA and the molecules that surround it form a truly superb mechanism
-- a miniaturized marvel.  the information is so compactly stored that
the amount of DNA necessary to code all the people living on our planet
might fit into a space no larger than  an asprin tablet!

   Many scientists are convinced that cells containing such a complex
code and such intricate chemistry could never have come into being by
pure, undirected chemistry.  No matter how chemicals are mixed, they do
not create DNA spirals or any intelligent code whatsoever.  Only DNA
reproduces DNA.

   Two well known scientists calculated the odds of life forming by
natural processes.  They estimated that there is less than 1 chance in
10 to the 40,000power that life could have originated by random trials.
10 to the 40,000power is a 1 with 40,000 zeros after it!
   -"...life cannot have had a random beginning...The trouble is that
there are about two thousand enzymes, and the chance of obtaining them
all in a random trial is only one part in 10 to the 40,000power, an
outrageously small probability that could not be faced even if the whole
universe consisted of organic soup.  If one is not prejudiced either by
social beliefs or by a scientific training into the conviction that life
originated on the Earth, this simple calculation wipes the idea entirely
out of court....The enormous information content of even the simplest
living systems...cannot in our view be generated by what are often
called "natural" processes...For life to have originated on the Earth it
would be necessary that quite explicit instruction should have been
provided for its assembly...There is no way in which we can expect to
avoid the need for information, no way in which we can simply get by
with a bigger and better organic soup, as we ourselves hoped might be
possible a year or two ago."  (Fred Hoyle and N. Chandra Wickramasinghe,
Evolution from Space [Aldine House, 33 Welbeck Street, London W1M 8LX:
J.M. Dent & Sons, 1981), p. 148, 24,150,30,31).

   How can one gain some conception of the size of such a huge number?
According to most Evolutionists, the universe is less than 30 billion
years old -- and there are fewer than 10 to the 18thPower seconds in 30
billion years.  So, even if nature could somehow have produced trillions
of genetic code combinations every second for 30 billion years, the
probabilities against producing the simplest one-celled animal by trial
and error would still be inconceivably immense!  In other words,
probabilities greatly favor those that believe an intelligent designer
was responsible for originating even the simplest DNA molecules.
   Chemist Dr. Grebe:  "That organic evolution could account for
the complex forms of life in the past and the present has long since
been abandoned by men who grasp the importance of the DNA genetic code."

Researcher and mathematician I.L Cohen: "At that moment, when the
DNA/RNA system became understood, the debate between Evolutionists and
Creationists should have come to a screeching halt...the implications of
the DNA/RNA were obvious and clear....Mathematically speaking, based on
probability concepts, there is no possibility that Evolution vs the
mechanism that created the approximately 6,000,000 species of plants and
animals we recognize today."

  Evolutionist Michael Denton: "The complexity of the simplest known
type of cell is so great that it is impossible to accept that such an
object could have been thrown together suddenly by some kind of
freakish, vastly improbable, event.  Such an occurrence would be
indistinguishable from a miracle."

   Famed researcher Sir Fred Hoyle is in agreement with Creationists on
this point.  He has reportedly said that supposing the first cell
originated by chance is like believing "a tornado sweeping through a
junk yard might assemble a Boeng 747 from the materials therein."

   Many, if not most, origin-of-life researchers now agree with Hoyle:
Life could not have originated by chance or by any known natural
processes.  many Evolutionists are now searching for some theoretical
force within matter which might push matter toward the assembly of
greater complexity.  Most Creationists believe this is doomed to
failure, since it contradicts the 2nd Law of Thermodynamics.

   It is important to note that the information written on DNA molecules
is not produced by any known natural interaction of matter.  Matter and
molecules have no innate intelligence, allowing self organization into
codes.  There are no know n physical laws which give molecules a natural
tendency to arrange themselves into such coded structures.

   Like a computer disk,  DNA has no intelligence.  The complex,
purposeful codes of this "master program" could have only originated
outside itself.  In the case of a computer program, the original codes
were put there by an intelligent being, a programmer.  Likewise, for
DNA, it seems clear that intelligence must have come first, before the
existence of DNA.  Statistically, the odds are enormously in favor of
that theory.  DNA bears the marks of intelligent manufacture.

   Dr Wilder-Smith is an honored scientist who is certainly
well-informed on modern biology and biochemistry.  What is his considered
opinion as to the source of the DNA codes found in each wondrous plant
and animal?  "...an attempt to explain the formation of the genetic code
from the chemical components of DNA...is comparable to the assumption
that the text of a book originates from the paper molecules on which the
sentences appear, and not from any external source of information."
" As a scientist, I am convinced that the pure chemistry of a cell is
not enough to explain the workings of a cell, although the workings are
chemical.  The chemical workings of the cell are controlled by
information which does not reside in the atoms and molecules of that
cell.  There is an author which transcends the material and the matter of
which these strands are made.  The author first of all conceived the
information necessary to make a cell, then wrote it down, and then
fixed it in a mechanism of reading it and realizing it in practice -- so
that the cell builds itself from the information..."

    One need only look carefully at any living creature to gain some
concept of their enormous complexity.  If you have a pet, consider the
complexities that must be involved -- enabling that "package of matter"
to move about, play, remember, show signs of affection, eat, and
reproduce!

   If that is not enough to boggle your mind, imagine being given the
task of constructing a similar living pet from carbon, calcium,
hydrogen, oxygen, etc. -- the animal's basic constituent parts.

   If you have ever held a beloved pet in your hands, completely limp
and dead, you may have some comprehension of the helplessness of even
the most intelligent and sophisticated scientist when it comes to the
overwhelming problem of trying to create life.

   In contrast, the natural world does not have the advantages people
bring to the problem.  In nature, there are only matter, energy, time,
chance and the physical laws -- no guiding force, no purpose, and no
goal.

   Yet, even with all of modern man's accumulated knowledge, advanced
tools, and experience, we are still absolutely overwhelmed at the
complexities.  This is despite the fact that we are certainly not
starting from absolute zero in this problem, for there are millions of
actual living examples of life to scrutinize.

   THE INCREDIBLE COMPLEXITY OF MAN

  All living things are extremely complex, even the tiniest
single-celled animals and bacteria.  However, none surpasses the overall
complexity of the human being.  Not only is each person constructed of
trillions of molecules and cells, but the human brain alone is filled
with billions of cells forming trillions of trillions of connections.
The design of the human brain is truly awesome and beyond our
understanding.  Every cubic inch of the human brain contains at least
100 million nerve cells interconnected by 10 thousand miles of fibers.

   It has been said that man's 3 pound brain is the most complex and
orderly arrangement of matter in the entire universe!  Far more
complicated than any computer, the human brain is capable of storing and
creatively manipulating seemingly infinite amounts of information.  Its
capabilities and potential stagger the imagination.  The more we use it,
the better it becomes.

   The brain capabilities of even the smallest insects are
mind-boggling.  The tiny speck of a brain found in a little ant,
butterfly or bee enable them not only to see, smell, taste and move, but
even to fly with great precision.  Butterflies routinely navigate
enormous distances.  Bees and ants carry on complex social
organizations, building projects, and communications.  These miniature
brains put our computers and avionics to shame, in comparison.

   The marvels of the bodies of both animals and man are evidently
endless.  Dr. A.E. Wilder-Smith makes this thought-provoking and
humbling statement:
   "When one considers that the entire chemical information to construct
a man, elephant, frog or an orchid was compressed into two minuscule
reproductive cells (sperm and egg nuclei), one can only be astounded.
In addition to this, all the information is available on the genes to
repair the body (not only to construct it) when it is injured.  If one
were to request an engineer to accomplish this feat of information
miniaturization, one would be considered fit for the psychiatric
clinic."

   It is certainly true that a machine carefully made by a craftsman
reflects the existence of it's creator.  It would be foolish to suggest
that time and chance could make a typewriter or a microwave oven, or
that the individual parts could form themselves into these complex
mechanisms due to the physical properties of matter.  Yet, life is far,
far more complex than any man-made machine.

   The more scientists study life, the more they become deeply
impressed. Nature is full of intricate design and beauty.  In contrast to
man-made objects, which look increasingly crude in finish and detail the
closer they are viewed (i.e., through powerful microscopes), the closer
life is examined the more complex and wondrous it appears.

   Planet Earth is filled with myriad forms of life, each with enormous
levels of complexity.  Materialists believe life in all its amazing
forms consist merely of atoms and molecules.  They believe these atoms
and molecules formed themselves into millions of intricate animals and
plants.  This view was born out of an earlier, more naive period in
science when the extreme complexity of living systems was not
understood.  Even if nature could build the necessary proteins and
enzymes, it is far from producing life.  There is an enormous difference
between producing a building block and producing a fully operating and
serviced 100-story skyscraper from those building blocks.  Buildings
require builders; programs require programmers.   Today, most
scientists are convinced that life could never have come into being
without some form of highly intelligent and powerful designer.

            THE BOTTOM LINE on the origin of life

- During all recorded human history, there has never been a
substantiated case of a living thing being produced from anything other
than another living thing.
- As yet, evolutionism has not produced a scientifically credible
explanation for the origin of such immense complexities as DNA, the
human brain, and many elements of the cosmos.
- It is highly premature for materialists to claim that all living
things evolved into existence, when science has yet to discover how even
one protein molecule could actually have come into existence by natural
processes.
- there is no scientific proof that life did (or ever could) evolve into
existence from non-living matter.  Further, there is substantial
evidence that spontaneous generation is impossible.  Only DNA is known
to produce DNA.  No chemical interaction of molecules has even come
close to producing this ultra-complex code which is so essential to all
known life.
