                                                 Navas 28800 Modem FAQ
          
   
    IWAY 500 Winner
   
               NAVAS 28800 MODEM FAQTM [MODEM PICTURE]
                                   
   
   
(Answers to Frequently Asked Questions)

   
   
    Copyright 1995-1996 The Navas Group[1]SM, All Rights Reserved.
    Permission is granted to copy for private non-commercial use
   only.
   Send mirror and commercial license inquiries to
   info@NavasGrp.Dublin.CA.US[2].
   
    Posted as <http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html>.
   Updated Tuesday, August 13, 1996.
   
  BREAKING NEWS
  
   
   
      
      
      Cardinal announces 33.6 upgrade program[3] for all its 28.8
      modems [new 8/2/96]
      
      Diamond/Supra announces 33.6 upgrade program[4] for all its
      28.8 modems [new 6/6/96]
      
      Microsoft fixes Winsock memory leak in Windows 95 kernel[5]
      [new 4/27/96]
      
      Hayes emerges from Bankruptcy[6] and hires new CEO[7] [new
      4/18/96]
      
      WinFax PRO 7.0 for Windows 95 makes TAPI a reality[8] [new
      4/11/96]
      
      Quarterdeck acquires Datastorm (developer of Procomm)[9] [new
      3/28/96]
      
      Hayes releases Windows 95 drivers for ESP board[10]
      
      Microsoft releases Unimodem V driver for Windows 95[11]
      
      Hilgraeve offers free upgrade for Windows 95 HyperTerminal[12]
      
      Penril introduces 33600 modem[13]
      
      Motorola introduces Premier 33.6[14]
      
      33600 upgrade for certain USR Sportster 28800 models[15]
      
      USRobotics changes Sportster S-registers[16]
      
      AT&T bails out of consumer modems[17]
      
      Diamond Multimedia acquires Supra[18]
      
      FIFO problem still exists in SMC "multi-I/O" chips[19]
      
      ZyXEL[20] releases long-awaited V.34 modem (ISDN-upgradable
      Elite 2864[21])
      
      Motorola Lifestyle and Power Class modems can damage your serial
      port.[22]
      
   
   
    Copies of this document in either hypertext (HTML) or plain text
   format may be obtained by email from an "agora" server (e.g.,
   agora@info.lanic.utexas.edu[23] or agora@dna.affrc.go.jp[24]) or
   from web-mail[25]. For information on agora, send an email message
   to an agora server with a body of "help"; for information on
   web-mail, send a blank email message to web-mail@ebay.com[26].
   
    Please note: The author has no present connection with any modem
   company (other than as a customer), and does not endorse the
   products of any company. This information was compiled by the
   author and is provided as a public service. Neither the author nor
   any organization mentioned herein are responsible for any errors
   or omissions, or for any consequential problems that might result.
   USE AT YOUR OWN RISK. 
   
    Please note: The author does not have the time to give
   individual technical support, so please do not email requests for
   assistance. Instead, post them to Usenet[27]. Thank you.
   
    Email comments and suggestions to
   JNavas@NavasGrp.Dublin.CA.US[28]
   ___________________________________
   
   
Contents

   
   
  SECTION I:
  
   
   
      
      
      Why don't I get 28800 bps (or more) on my connections?[29]
      [updated 7/27/96]
      
      What's the difference between V.FC and V.34? What's next?[30]
      
      What are split/asymmetric speeds?[31]
      
      What is Selective Reject (SREJ)?[32] 
      
      Do I need a 16550 UART? What is a UART?[33]
      
      Where can I get a 16550 UART?[34] [updated 4/24/96]
      
      Why am I getting CRC errors (overruns)?[35] [updated 6/13/96]
      
      Why is my modem getting NO DIAL TONE?[36] [new 6/6/96]
      
      What's wrong with my dialup SLIP/PPP connection?[37]
      
      Any Trumpet Winsock tips?[38] 
      
      Where can I get updated video drivers?[39] [updated 8/13/96]
      
      Where can I get updated disk/SCSI drivers?[40] [updated
      4/9/96]
      
      Why 1024 bytes for the Windows COM buffer?[41]
      
      What is "retraining"?[42]
      
      What are "fall-back" and "fall-forward"?[43]
      
      How do I set a speed greater than 19200 bps in Windows?[44]
      
      What about third-party comm drivers for Windows?[45]
      
      How can I share a modem between data and WinFax?[46]
      
      How can I display the status of an internal modem under
      Windows?[47] [updated 6/6/96]
      
      Why does Windows lock up when I access my modem?[48]
      
      Why can't I get back on-line after I escape to command
      mode?[49]
      
      What are the best (data/fax) comm programs for Windows?[50]
      [updated 4/11/96]
      
      Why do I sometimes have problems connecting?[51]
      
      Why do I sometimes get abruptly disconnected?[52]
      
      Why do connections sometimes seem to run slower and slower?[53]
      
      Why does my Internet connection run at half-speed?[54] [new
      6/13/96]
      
      What is Distinctive Ring?[55] [new 4/11/96]
      
      How can I use a single phone for fax/data/voice?[56] [new
      4/11/96]
      
      What is Caller ID?[57] [new 4/11/96]
      
      How do I shut off Call Waiting?[58] [new 4/11/96]
      
      How do I keep my data/fax call from being interrupted?[59] [new
      4/11/96]
      
      How can I make fax work better?[60] [new 4/27/96]
      
      Does USR Adaptive Answer work with Procomm Plus for
      Windows?[61]
      
      Any other USRobotics tips?[62] 
      
      Any other Windows 3.x tips?[63] 
      
      What are "voice" modems?[64] 
      
      What is ISDN?[65] [updated 4/9/96]
      
      What are "cable modems?"[66] [updated 6/13/96]
      
      What are ADSL, SDSL, and HDSL?[67] [updated 6/13/96]
      
      Any Windows 95 tips? What is TAPI? What is Plug and Play?[68]
      [updated 7/27/96]
      
      Any other sources of related information?[69] [updated 6/6/96]
      
      Where can I get more help?[70] [new 5/20/96]
      
      How can I connect my modem to a digital phone system?[71]
      
      What modem initialization string should I use?[72]
      
      Where can I get information on my Rockwell-based modem?[73]
      [updated 4/11/96]
      
      What about magazine reviews?[74]
      
      Which 28800 modem should I buy?[75] [updated 6/13/96]
      
      Where can I get a good deal on a modem?[76]
      
      Which modem companies have a full Internet presence?[77]
      
   
   
  SECTION II: MODEM COMPANIES ON THE INTERNET[78]
  
   
   
    Button[79] [The Navas Group home page[80]]
   ___________________________________
   
   
Why don't I get 28800 bps (or more) on my connections? [updated
7/27/96]

   
   
    (If you see a connection speed of 38400, 57600, or 115200, don't
   be fooled -- that is the serial port speed between your computer
   and your modem, not the speed between your modem and the remote
   modem. To report the modem-to-modem speed, your modem probably
   needs a different initialization string. Consult your
   documentation.) [new 7/27/96]
   
    If you are unable to get connections at 28800 with your
   V.FC/V.34 modem (or 33600 with a new "V.34+" modem), here are the
   probable causes and what you may be able to do about them.
   
    If you consistently connect at 26400 or above, consider yourself
   fortunate -- it's simply not possible to go faster than that on
   many phone circuits. (This is not false modem advertising -- 28800
   modems are designed to wring as much speed out of the actual
   real-world connection as possible, and 28800 or higher speed is
   only possible on a near-perfect connection.)
   
    Even if you consistently connect at lower speeds (e.g., 24000 or
   even 21600), there may be little you can do, but you can at least
   try the following:
   
      
      
      Make sure that your serial port is locked at 38400 or higher
      (57600 recommended). This is usually set within your comm
      application, not the Windows Control Panel (see "How do I set a
      speed greater than 19200 bps in Windows?[81]").
      
      Try connecting to known good 28800 numbers (e.g., Hayes at
      800-"US-HAYES; Multi-Tech at 800/392-2432; USR at
      847/982-5092). This will at least tell you whether the problem
      is at your end or the other end of the connection. (The USR
      number is particularly useful, because you can get an on-line
      reading of connection quality from a USR BBS command.)
      
      Watch out for dialin numbers that are being forwarded to a
      distant location. It's a "dirty little secret" that many BBS
      (bulletin board systems) and ISP (Internet service providers)
      use Call Forwarding to extend their local calling areas. (Where
      location A to location C is a toll call, and an intermediate
      location B is local to both A and C, Call Forwarding from B to
      C effectively makes A to C a local call.) Although this can
      work fairly well at lower speeds (e.g., 14400), the extra
      connection hop(s) can degrade the signal enough to limit higher
      speeds (even as compared to a direct long distance call).
      
      If possible, test for premises problems by disconnecting all
      your premises wiring (and equipment) from the incoming telco
      terminating block, and hooking your modem directly to it. If
      your connections are better, you have a premises problem that
      you may be able to isolate and fix. Premises problems (faulty
      wiring and/or equipment like cheap phones and fax machines) are
      a frequent cause of 28800 connection problems. 
      
      If that doesn't help, listen carefully to the quality of your
      voice connections. Note that you must dial a known quiet
      number, since many otherwise good phone lines exhibit excessive
      noise until you actually connect. (Dialing a single digit is
      not enough.) After you connect, if you hear more than very
      faint hiss and/or hum, then you probably have a line problem.
      
      While a quiet line is important, there are other line problems
      that can reduce your speed: bandwidth (frequency response),
      distortion, etc. It is difficult to test for these problems
      without proper test equipment, but it's still a good idea to
      listen carefully for audible problems, particularly if you can
      find a number that will send you test tones.
      
      You may be able to get your phone company to improve the
      quality of your line. Since phone companies are often reluctant
      or even unwilling to work on data problems, it may help to
      report that you are also having fax problems. Or you can try
      asking for a data or fax "specialist." Ideally you want the
      service technician to bring the right kind of test equipment, a
      sophisticated line or transmission test set, not just the
      normal basic tester. It may also help to ask for a BERT (bit
      error rate tester) or "data test set."
      
      Sometimes switching to a different cable pair from the CO
      (central office) will help. In extreme cases the author has
      resorted to ordering a new line, making sure that it is good
      when installed, and then canceling the old line.
      
      You may be told that you need a special "data" line, more
      properly called a "conditioned" circuit, which is considerably
      more expensive than a standard "voice-grade" circuit. Don't
      waste your money. All you need is a good quality "voice-grade"
      circuit. 
      
   
   
    A final note: Add-on noise filters will not help -- they are the
   modem equivalent of snake oil. Your 28800 modem already has all
   the filtering it can use. An add-on filter will do nothing at
   best, and it may well make things worse.
   
    Button[82] [Return to top[83]] 
   ___________________________________
   
   
What's the difference between V.FC and V.34? What's next?

   
   
  
                         
  V.FC                  A proprietary specification for speeds up to
                         28800 bps, based on an early draft of the
                         V.34 standard, that was rushed to market by
                         modem chipset leader Rockwell
                         International[84]. It works reasonably well,
                         but lacks the sophistication and robustness
                         of V.34; for example, V.FC does not support
                         split speeds[85]. Many (but not all) V.FC
                         modems are upgradable to V.34, but the modem
                         typically has to be returned to the
                         manufacturer for a "datapump" change.
                         V.FC-only modems will not connect above 14400
                         bps to V.34 modems that lack V.FC support.
                         With the advent of V.34, V.FC is rapidly
                         fading as modems are upgraded. In the opinion
                         of the author there is now little or no
                         reason to get a modem that has V.FC but not
                         V.34, although until V.FC fades completely
                         there will still be a significant advantage
                         to a modem that supports both V.34 and
                         V.FC.
                         
  V.34[86]              A true international standard for speeds up
                         to 28800 bps that is more sophisticated and
                         robust than V.FC. Some (but not all) V.34
                         implementations support split speeds[87].
                         Extensions to V.34 for additional speeds up
                         to 33600 (on extraordinarily good
                         connections) have been drafted and are
                         expected to be approved in 1996, although
                         early products are already starting to
                         appear from some companies (e.g.,
                         Motorola[88], Diamond/Supra[89],
                         USRobotics[90]). V.34 is rapidly replacing
                         V.FC in the marketplace. V.34-only modems
                         will not connect above 14400 bps to V.FC-only
                         modems. In the opinion of the author V.34 is
                         clearly the modem standard of choice. It may
                         well prove to be the last widely-supported
                         analog modem standard.
                         
  28800-33600 fax       Fax is currently limited to 14400 bps over
                         dialup analog phone lines (Group III V.17).
                         Efforts are underway to define a 28800-33600
                         bps fax specification, which would probably
                         be widely adopted. However, general
                         availability is probably a few years away.
                         
  Voice                 See "What are "voice" modems?[91]"
                         
  Plug and Play[92]     See "What is Plug and Play[93]"
                         
  ISDN[94]              See "What is ISDN?[95]"
                         
  "Cable modems"        See What are "cable modems?"[96]
                         
  ADSL/SDSL/HDSL        See "What are ADSL, SDSL, and HDSL?[97]"
                         
  Universal Serial Bus  A better way to connect a modem to your
                         computer than the conventional UART or
                         parallel port. (See "What is a UART?[98]")
                         Expected to become a standard feature of many
                         chipsets and motherboards (e.g., those
                         manufactured by Intel) and operating systems
                         (e.g., Windows 95), although USB is not yet
                         available. (See "Universal Serial Bus Home
                         Page[99]" and Intel's "USB Interactive
                         Tour[100]")
                         
   
   
    See also "Modems: the make-it-happen machines for the ultimately
   wired of the 90's[101]"
   
    Button[102] [Return to top[103]] 
   ___________________________________
   
   
What are split/asymmetric speeds?

   
   
    In the past, most standard modems were only capable of
   transmitting and receiving at the same speed. (The exceptions were
   proprietary modems such as the USR HST that used greatly different
   transmit and receive speeds.) Since most connections were made at
   the maximum speed, there was little reason to support different
   transmit and receive speeds.
   
    With the advent of speeds up to 28800 bps that is no longer
   true. It's now quite common to have a connection where at least
   one (and often both) speeds must be limited to less than 28800
   bps, and it's not uncommon to find that a connection will support
   faster speed in one direction than the other. (One reason is that
   send and receive channels are separated for transmission between
   telephone switching offices.)
   
    Having been designed to optimize performance over a wide variety
   of conditions, V.34 includes an optional specification for
   asymmetric (differing or split) transmit and receive speeds. For
   example, a connection might support a transmit speed of 28800 bps
   but a receive speed of only 26400 bps; without split speed, the
   speed in both directions would have to be limited to 26400 bps.
   For this reason split speed capability is a worthwhile and
   desirable feature.
   
    Not all V.34-compliant modems support split speeds. For example,
   at the time of this writing most "glue 'n go" Rockwell V.34
   clones, do not support split speeds. On the other hand, others,
   including all USR V.34 modems (Sportster 28800/33600 as well as
   the Courier V.34), Diamond/Supra, and Motorola, do support split
   speeds.
   
    Button[104] [Return to top[105]] 
   ___________________________________
   
   
What is Selective Reject (SREJ)?

   
   
    Selective Reject (SREJ) is an optional, advanced LAPM (V.42)
   error correction capability that allows the receiving modem to
   request retransmission of a given block while continuing to
   receive later blocks; i.e., to receive the retransmission late
   (out of order). Without it, the entire transmission has to start
   over at the retransmitted block, which can result in later blocks
   being resent unnecessarily. Hence, Selective Reject can improve
   throughput where there is a significant error rate, particularly
   over links with long delays (e.g., satellite links).
   
    Not all modems support Selective Reject, which is typically
   found only in high-end products.
   
    Button[106] [Return to top[107]] 
   ___________________________________
   
   
Do I need a 16550 UART? What is a UART?

   
   
    A UART (an acronym for Universal Asynchronous
   Receiver-Transmitter) is simply an interface chip. Your computer
   needs one to "talk" over a serial connection to serial devices
   such as serial printers and modems. Each serial device needs a
   UART chip to "talk" to your computer, even modems that are
   installed inside your computer.
   
    In computer terms the UART is very old technology. We continue
   to use them because we own so much software that depends on there
   being a specific kind of UART. Efforts to replace the UART and its
   particular serial architecture are ongoing (e.g., Universal Serial
   Bus[108]), but it's doubtful that the UART will be replaced
   anytime soon.
   
    There are many types of UART chips, but only two main types that
   are used in IBM-compatible personal computers:
   
      
      
      8250/16450. Major weaknesses of the 8250 and 16450 are a lack
      of built-in flow control, and buffers that can only hold a
      single character. This means that the UART must be promptly
      serviced by the system processor each time a character is
      received, or that character will be wiped out by the following
      character, a condition called "overrun." (See "Why am I getting
      CRC errors (overruns) when downloading?[109]") 
      
      8250/8250A. The 8250 is the UART used in the original IBM PC.
      "Urban legends" notwithstanding, the 8250 and the improved
      8250A are capable of speeds up to 115,200 bps.
      
      16450. Slightly improved over the 8250, the main advantage of
      the 16450 is that it works better on computers with higher
      internal speeds. From a functional standpoint, however, it is
      essentially indistinguishable from the 8250, and suffers from
      the same weaknesses. 
      
      16550. A substantial advance over the 8250/16450, the 16550 has
      both a fully 8250-compatible mode and a newer mode that
      provides 16-character FIFO (an acronym for First In, First Out)
      buffers. When the old mode is enabled, it works just like an
      8250; when the newer mode is enabled, the FIFO buffers greatly
      extend the time available for responding to incoming
      characters. The receive FIFO buffer has a variable threshold
      that can be set to values of 1, 4, 8, or 14 characters, with
      higher numbers giving less time to respond before the
      16-character FIFO buffer is full; on the other hand, higher
      numbers can give slightly better performance, by allowing the
      system to process incoming characters in larger "chunks." A
      good rule of thumb is a threshold of 8 characters. (See "What
      about third-party comm drivers for Windows?[110]") Most (but
      not all) internal modems come with a 16550 UART. 
      
      16550. Certain versions of the original 16550 were buggy. It is
      best to avoid them.
      
      16550A. Improved version of the 16550. Later types, the 16550AF
      and 16550AFN, are essentially indistinguishable, but even less
      likely to be buggy. These are the UARTs of choice. Look for the
      National Semiconductor[111] brand.
      
      16552. Two improved 16550 UARTs in a single package.
      
      Clones. More recent designs typically package UART
      functionality (often two of them) in a single "multi-I/O" chip.
      Many of them work very well; however, some of them are buggy.
      (See "Why does Windows lock up when I try to access my
      modem?[112]")
      
   
   
    Some internal modems emulate UARTs with on-board logic rather
   than using actual UART chips; these products can provide more
   effective buffering than a conventional UART. More advanced UARTs
   (e.g., 32-character FIFO buffers, built-in flow control) are
   becoming available, but they are generally not needed. Parallel
   modem interfaces and the Hayes ESP card are alternatives to UARTs,
   but they require special drivers and provide no significant
   advantage over the 16550A in the opinion of the author.
   
    In general, a single-task operating system like MS-DOS can get
   by with an 8250/16450 UART with serial port speeds of 19200-57600
   bps (depending on the speed of the system processor) and
   well-written software. This is usually adequate for even a 28800
   bps modem. However, a multitasking operating system like Windows,
   OS/2, or UNIX, will usually need a 16550 UART. (Nevertheless, if
   you are stuck with an 8250/16450, you can probably still use a
   28800 bps modem if you are careful.)
   
    You can tell what kind of UART chip you have by running
   Microsoft's MSD[113] (which comes with Windows), being sure to
   run it outside of Windows. (The reason is that Windows can hide
   the true state of the UART from MSD.)
   
    The Universal Serial Bus (USB) is a better way to connect a
   modem to your computer than the conventional UART or parallel
   port. USB is expected to become a standard feature of many
   chipsets and motherboards (e.g., those manufactured by Intel) and
   operating systems (e.g., Windows 95), although it is not yet
   available. (See "Universal Serial Bus Home Page[114]")
   
    Button[115] [Return to top[116]] 
   ___________________________________
   
   
Where can I get a 16550 UART? [updated 4/24/96]

   
   
      
      
      If your 8250 or 16450 UART is a single chip mounted in a
      socket, it is easy to replace it with a 16550 UART chip. At the
      time of this writing WH Networks[117] was selling real 16550
      UART chips for US$10 each. (Replacement of "multi-I/O" chips is
      usually not practical.)
      
      A source of I/O cards with 16550-type UARTs (not tested by the
      author) is:
       Byte Runner Technologies[118]
       406 Monitor Lane
       Knoxville, TN 37922
       voice: 800/274-7897 or 423/966-3667
       fax: 423/675-3458 
      
      TC-212 ($32): [new 4/24/96] 
      
      Two 16550 serial ports (COM1-4) with high IRQ support
      
      Enhanced parallel port supporting ECP & EPP modes (LPT1-LPT3)
      
      Winbond W83787F chip (not SMC!) 
      
      TC-420 ($90): [new 4/24/96] 
      
      Four 16550 serial ports (COM1-8) with high IRQ support
      
      Two bi-directional (not enhanced) parallel ports (LPT1-LPT3)
      
      Startech ST16C552CJ chip (not SMC!)
      
      Supports sharable or independent interrupts 
      
      Quickpath[119] makes: 
      
      A good, albeit pricey, "multi-I/O" card called the "4 Serial 2
      Parallel" that is available at retail (e.g., $100 at Central
      Computer in Santa Clara, CA, 408/248-5888), featuring: 
      
      Four serial ports with high IRQ support that use real 16552
      chips.
      
      Two parallel ports 
      
      A more complete, albeit pricey, "multi-I/O" card called the
      "Port-Folio 550E" that is available at retail (e.g., $120 at
      NCA Computer Products in Sunnyvale, CA, 408/739-9010) 
      
      Pros:  
      
      Four serial ports with high IRQ support that use real 16552
      chips
      
      Two parallel ports
      
      Four floppy support
      
      IDE and game port 
      
      Con: Floppy support is only 1.44 Mb, not 2.88 Mb (inexcusable
      in a product at this price in the opinion of the author) 
      
      Another good high-end "multi-I/O" card is the GSI Model 32,
      also available at retail (e.g., $120 at NCA Computer Products
      in Sunnyvale, CA, 408/739-9010). 
      
      Pros:  
      
      Two serial ports with (limited) high IRQ support that use a
      real 16552 chip
      
      One bi-directional parallel port
      
      Supports four floppies, up to 2.88 Mb (4 Mb unformatted), with
      drive remapping
      
      Enhanced IDE support for two drives (including large drives)
      
      On-board Flash BIOS 
      
      Con: BIOS, IDE, and floppy support cannot be disabled 
      
      SIIG (Fremont, CA) makes I/O cards that are available at retail
      (e.g., Fry's Electronics in Fremont, CA, 510/770-3797),
      including the "IDE Professional" (Model 2404, about $70 on the
      streeet). 
      
      Pros:  
      
      Two 16550-compatible serial ports (COM1-4) with high IRQ
      support
      
      One EPP/ECP bi-directional parallel port (IRQ 7 or 5)
      
      Supports two floppies, up to 2.88 MB (4 Mb unformatted), which
      can make your "floppy tape" (e.g., HP/Colorado Jumbo 250/350)
      twice as fast as a 1.44 MB controller.
      
      IDE controller (hard disk or CD-ROM, primary or secondary
      channel)
      
      Game port 
      
      Con: Uses the SMC[120] FDC37C666GT "multi-I/O" chip, which can
      cause lockups under Windows 3.1. (Warning: see "Why does
      Windows lock up when I try to access my modem?[121]")
      
   
   
    An extensive, excellent list of multiport serial cards[122] has
   been compiled by the amateur radio site ve7tcp.ampr.org[123]. [new
   4/24/96]
   
    Button[124] [Return to top[125]] 
   ___________________________________
   
   
[continued]



[continued]

Why am I getting CRC errors (overruns)? [updated 6/13/96]

   
   
    CRC errors (e.g., as reported by ZMODEM[126]), particularly when
   downloading, are usually a sign of overrun (incoming data that is
   lost because the computer is unable to process it in time).
   Overrun can result from a variety of causes. The following are
   suggestions on how to avoid CRC/overrun errors (particularly in
   Windows 3.1):
   
      
      
      Use a 16550A UART. (See "Do I need a 16550 UART? What is a
      UART?[127]" and "Why does Windows lock up when I access my
      modem?[128]") Note that most, but not all, internal modems have
      a 16550.
      
      Use hardware flow control, and make sure it is working
      properly. This applies both to your modem and to your comm
      software. If you experience overrun while uploading, then you
      almost certainly have a flow control problem in your comm
      software and/or modem configuration. 
      
      If you are running anything other than the standard Windows VGA
      driver, switch to the standard VGA driver and see if that
      affects your problems -- certain video drivers are known to
      interfere with communications. (See "Where can I get updated
      video drivers?[129]")
      
      If you determine that your video driver is causing overruns: 
      
      If your video card uses a recent S3[130] chipset (e.g., 864,
      964, or 968), there may be an option in the video driver to set
      "Bus-throttle=On" (usually Off by default) in the [display]
      section of SYSTEM.INI, which may well solve the problem.
      ("Bus-throttle=On" may slightly reduce speed as measured by
      benchmarks, but the difference will probably not be noticeable
      in the real world.) Contact the manufacturer of your video
      card. (Note: Generic S3 video drivers[131] are available from
      S3. Unfortunately, they do not work on all S3-based video
      cards.) [updated 3/29/96]
      
      If your video card is a PCI type and made by Matrox[132], try
      adding PCIChipSet=1 to the [MGA.DRV] section of SYSTEM.INI,
      which may well solve the problem. (Add the section header if it
      does not already exist.) If it does solve the problem, check
      with Matrox for an updated video driver[133]. [new 6/13/96] 
      
      If possible, use 32-bit disk access under standard Windows, as
      well as 32-bit File Access under Windows for Workgroups. If
      not, be sure you have a current version of a quality BIOS
      and/or disk driver.
      
      Watch out for poorly-written firmware and/or device drivers for
      local bus IDE interfaces, particularly in multi-sector mode.
      Obtain the latest versions. (You may be able to alleviate an
      overrun problem by switching modes and/or reducing the number
      of sectors per transfer.)
      
      Are you using a SCSI drive? Certain SCSI drivers can cause
      problems. Obtain the latest versions.
      
      Disable write caching on your download disk drive. (Read
      caching should be OK.)
       * With the current SMARTDRV (i.e., standard Windows, or
      Windows for Wordgroups without 32-bit File Access), the /X
      parameter disables all write caching. You can also disable
      write caching on individual drives. (See "SMARTDrive Drive
      Letter Parameters Should Not Contain a Colon[134]")
       * With 32-bit File Access under Windows for Workgroups, put
      the following in the [386Enh] section of your SYSTEM.INI file:
       ForceLazyOff=<drives>
      where <drives> is a drive letter string; e.g., ForceLazyOff=C
      for drive C only, or ForceLazyOff=CD for drives C and D. (See
      "How to Disable Write Caching for the 32-Bit File System[135]")
      
      If you are using Procomm Plus for Windows[136] 2.xx, set
      "DropRTSAroundDiskWrites=1" in your PW2.INI file. (This won't
      help if you cache writes.)
      
      Beware of TSRs, especially network TSRs. Try booting your
      system as clean as possible to see if that helps.
      
      Watch out for certain memory managers; e.g., the use of QEMM
      "Stealth" may cause problems.
      
      Put your modem on COM2 if possible, especially if you are using
      a serial mouse. (COM2 has higher interrupt priority than
      COM1.)
      
      Under Windows, put the following in the [386Enh] section of
      your SYSTEM.INI file:
       MinTimeslice=20
       WinTimeslice=100,50
      COMnFIFO=1
       COMnBuffer=1024
      where n is the number of your modem COM port (e.g., COM2FIFO=1
      and COM2Buffer=1024). The COMnFIFO statement won't help until
      you get a 16550A UART, but it won't hurt in the meantime.
       Note: The only legal values for COMnFIFO are 0 and 1. (See
      "Windows Support of the 16550 UART[137]")
      
      Do not use Microsoft's PC speaker sound driver[138]! Get a
      cheap sound card instead. (The Logitech Factory outlet in
      Fremont, California, 800/231-7717, is a good place to get a
      cheap sound card.)
      
      Watch out for an IRQ conflict. (You normally cannot use both
      COM1 and COM3, or COM2 and COM4, at the same time.)
      
      On a portable or "green" machine, you should also try disabling
      the power management features, which can sometimes "kick in"
      and interfere with data communications.
      
      Disable any screen savers, which can interfere with data
      communications.
      
      Don't run your serial port any faster than necessary. Marketing
      hype notwithstanding, there's rarely any need to go faster than
      38.4 Kbps with a 14.4 Kbps modem, or 57.6 Kbps with a 28.8 Kbps
      modem. Caveat: With an acknowledgment protocol (e.g., XMODEM),
      as opposed to a streaming protocol (e.g., ZMODEM[139]), a
      higher serial port speed can improve the response time. (See
      "Measurement of DTE Rate Latency[140]")
      
      Try a third-party replacement for COMM.DRV. (See What about
      third-party comm drivers for Windows?[141])
      
      Switch to Windows for Workgroups or Windows 95, which have a
      better serial architecture than standard Windows 3.x.
      
      With a 16550 UART (See "Do I need a 16550 UART? What is a
      UART?[142]") under regular Windows and a third-party comm
      driver (e.g., WFXCOMM.DRV[143]) or Windows for Workgroups or
      Windows 95, try dropping the receive FIFO trigger level. For
      example, where n is the number of your modem COM port:
       * WFXCOMM.DRV (default 14): ComnRXSize=8 (e.g.,
      Com1RXSize=8). Recommended setting.
       * Windows for Workgroups (default 8): COMnRxTRIGGER=4 (e.g.,
      COM1RxTRIGGER=4).
       Legal receive FIFO trigger values are 14, 8, 4, and 1. The
      normal recommended value is 8. You should not go down to 1
      unless you are really desperate. 
      
   
   
    Button[144] [Return to top[145]] 
   ___________________________________
   
   
Why is my modem getting NO DIAL TONE? [new 6/6/96]

   
   
      
      
      The most obvious cause is that you've neglected to plug your
      telephone line into your modem. Double check to make sure.
      
      A common problem is plugging your telephone line into the wrong
      jack on your modem. Many modems have two jacks, one for the
      telephone line and one for a telephone handset. On some of
      these modems (e.g., USRobotics), you won't be able to get a
      dial tone or otherwise use the modem if you plug the telephone
      line into the telephone handset jack. Double check to make
      sure.
      
      Another common problem is that some other device on the same
      telephone line (e.g., a telephone answering machine) is
      off-hook. Double check to make sure that all other devices are
      on-hook.
      
      There may be a problem on your telephone line. Make sure that
      you can get a dial tone on a telephone handset connected to and
      through your modem when the modem (or computer in the case of
      an internal modem) is turned off.
      
      Your modem may not be designed for the phone system in the
      country in which you are trying to use it. Try lowering the Xn
      setting to make the modem ignore dial tone; e.g., X3 instead of
      X4. 
      
   
   
    Button[146] [Return to top[147]] 
   ___________________________________
   
   
What's wrong with my dialup SLIP/PPP connection?

   
   
      
      
      Make absolutely sure that there is one and only one WINSOCK.DLL
      on your system, and that it is the right one.
      
      Make sure that the directory (e.g., C:\TRUMPET) for your dialup
      SLIP/PPP package (e.g., Trumpet Winsock, aka TCPMAN) is in your
      DOS PATH environment variable.
      
      Try the following settings in your dialup SLIP/PPP package: 
      
      For true PPP or SLIP:
       TCP MSS: 536
       MTU: 576 [MSS + 40]
      TCP RWIN: 2144 [MSS x 4]
       (For reference see RFC 879[148])
       Note: Increasing RWIN to larger multiples of MSS (e.g., 2680,
      3216, 3752, or 4288) may improve performance a bit on sluggish
      links.
      
      For TIA Pseudo-SLIP (see comments on TIA below):
       TCP MSS: 1460
       MTU: 1500 [MSS + 40]
      TCP RWIN: 4096
       (For reference see "Installation Instructions for Single-User
      TIA[149]")
      
   
   
    For more SLIP/PPP help see "Any Trumpet Winsock tips?[150]" and
   "Troubleshooting Reference[151]."
   
    Note: There is no significant performance difference between
   SLIP and PPP. (See "SLIP vs PPP Performance Comparison[152]" and
   "Performance Issues[153]")
   
    The author recommends the following Winsock applications (all of
   which are freeware or shareware):
   
      
      
      Dialup TCP/IP (SLIP/PPP) stack 
      
      Windows 3.x: Trumpet Winsock (See Any Trumpet Winsock
      tips?[154]) (Usenet alt.winsock.trumpet[155]): 
      
      Version 2.0B[156] (no enforced limit on evaluation)
       WARNING: A bug in 2.0B can cause a system crash under certain
      rare conditions.
      
      Version 2.1F[157] (enforced 30-day limit on evaluation)
       WARNING: Earlier 2.1 versions have serious bugs and should
      not be used.
       WARNING: The author has found problems with streaming
      ZMODEM[158] uploads in a telnet session over a Trumpet TCP/IP
      link. A work-around is to set a ZMODEM window size of 2 Kb. 
      
      Windows 95: Microsoft Dial-Up Networking 
      
      Mailer: Pegasus Mail for Windows[159] (Usenet
      bit.listserv.pmail[160])
      
      Web browser: Netscape[161]; helper applications: 
      
      Acrobat viewer: Adobe Acrobat Reader[162]
      
      QuickTime[163] video player
      
      Real-time audio: Real Audio Player[164]
      
      TIFF viewer: LView Pro[165]
      
      ZIP viewer: WinZip[166]
      
      Usenet newsreader: Free Agent[167]
      
      FTP (File Transfer Protocol): WS_FTP[168]
      
      Telnet (login to remote host): EWAN[169]
      
      Ping (is host alive): WS_PING[170]
      
      Finger (find user) and WhoIs (find host): WSFINGER[171]
      
      NSLookup (lookup DNS names): NSLookup[172]
      
      Set clock from network timeserver: Tardis[173]
      
      HTML editor: Microsoft Internet Assistant[174] (Word for
      Windows 6.0a or above required) 
      
      Graphic Editor: Paint Shop Pro[175]
      
      Tranparent GIF converter: LView Pro[176]
      
      Sound Editor: Cool Edit[177]
      
   
   
    For more Winsock application information see:
   
      
      
      "Stroud's Consummate Winsock Apps List[178]"
       (files available at The Papa Winsock-L FTP Site[179])
      
      "The Ultimate Collection of Winsock Software[180]"
      
      Usenet alt.winsock[181] 
      
   
   
    You may be able to run dialup SLIP/PPP from a UNIX shell account
   with The Internet Adapter[182] (TIA). Even when your Internet
   Service Provider offers a SLIP/PPP option, it may be cheaper to
   run TIA from a shell account. TIA is commercial but inexpensive. A
   freeware alternative is SLiRP. For more information on TIA and
   SLiRP see "SLiRP/TIA and Trumpet Winsock Setup Reference[183]."
   (Usenet alt.dcom.slip-emulators[184])
   
    Button[185] [Return to top[186]] 
   ___________________________________
   
   
Any Trumpet Winsock tips?

   
   
      
      
      Where to get Trumpet Winsock: 
      
      Version 2.0B[187] (no enforced limit on evaluation)
       WARNING: A bug in 2.0B can cause a system crash under certain
      rare conditions.
      
      Version 2.1F[188] (enforced 30-day limit on evaluation)
       WARNING: Earlier 2.1 versions have serious bugs and should
      not be used.
       WARNING: The author has found problems with streaming
      ZMODEM[189] uploads in a telnet session over a Trumpet TCP/IP
      link. A work-around is to set a ZMODEM window size of 2 Kb. 
      
      You can monitor Trumpet Winsock TCP/IP performance with
      TCPMeter. (Execute once Trumpet Winsock is running. Click the
      left and right mouse buttons to expand and contract the graph
      scale respectively, and try a scale of 4K or 8K for a 28.8
      connection. Incoming speed graph bars point down; outgoing
      point up. Note that TCP/IP is a full duplex link where data can
      flow at full speed in both directions at the same time.) 
      
      Here[190] for Trumpet Winsock 2.0
      
      Included with Trumpet Winsock 2.1 (do not use the 2.0 version)
      
      
      Trumpet Winsock 2.0B locks an excessive amount of memory (107
      Kb) below 1 Mb; 2.1F is improved, but still takes a substantial
      amount (44 Kb) of low memory. (See "Any other Windows
      tips?[191]") The amount of low memory is not affected by the
      TCP/IP settings.
      
      The following Trumpet Winsock script fragment will auto-redial
      (e.g., on BUSY), assuming that $number has been initialized
      with the number you want to dial: 
      
   
   

     repeat
       sleep 2 # gives modem time to recover after connect failure
       outputecho "atdt"$number\r #dial number
       repeat
         read 90 $result # read modem response
       # wait for long response, ignoring normal intermediate response
s
       until len($result) >= 4 & pos("~" + copy($result, 1, 4), "~RING
ING~CARRIER~PROTOCOL") = 0
     until pos("CONNECT", $result) = 1 # retry if I did not connect






   
   
      
      
      The author recommends configuring your modem for Trumpet
      Winsock with &D1 rather than &D2; that way you can use DTR
      rather than the escape code to enter modem commands when
      online.
      
      The following Trumpet Winsock ATI6.CMD script can be used with
      a USR modem initialized with &D1 to display Link Diagnostics
      (e.g., the current modem-to-modem speed) when online: 
      
   
   

     set dtr off # put modem in command mode (&D1)
     if [input 2 OK\n] # wait for modem response
     end
     set dtr on
     output at\r # make sure modem is alive
     if ! [input 1 OK\n]
       display \n"*** Modem is not responding!"\n
       abort
     end
     display \n"*** USR Link Diagnostics follow:"\n\n
     echo on
     output ati6\r
     if [input 5 OK\n]
       display \n"*** End of USR Link Diagnostics."\n\n
     end
     output ato\r # change to ATO1 to force a retrain
     input 15 CONNECT
     input 1 \n
     online # can probably get back online with SLIP, but not PPP






   
   
      
      
      The following Trumpet Winsock BYE.CMD script can be used to
      quickly disconnect your modem (configured with either &D1 or
      &D2): 
      
   
   

     set dtr off # modem command mode (&D1) or disconnect (&D2) 
     if [input 2 OK\n] # wait for modem response
     end
     set dtr on
     output athz\r # hangup command (&D1 or just to be sure with &D2)
     input 2 OK\n
     display "Disconnected."
     sleep 1






   
   
    Button[192] [Return to top[193]] 
   ___________________________________
   
   
Where can I get updated video drivers? [updated 8/13/96]

   
   
    Updated video drivers may help to correct CRC/overrun errors.
   (See "Why am I getting CRC errors (overruns)?[194]") Updated
   drivers are available at:
   
      
      
      AST Computer[195]
      
      ATI Technologies[196]
      
      Boca Research[197]
      
      Cirrus Logic[198] (generic)
      
      Compaq Computer[199]
      
      Dell Computer[200]
      
      Diamond Multimedia[201] Note: The author has experienced
      stability problems with various versions of Diamond drivers for
      both Windows 3.x and Windows 95, and recommends using Microsoft
      drivers (Windows 3.x[202]/Windows 95[203]/Windows NT[204]) or
      generic S3 drivers[205] if possible. [updated 4/11/96]
      
      Digital Equipment[206]
      
      Gateway 2000[207]
      
      Genoa Systems[208] 
      
      Hercules[209]
      
      Hewlett Packard[210]
      
      IBM[211]: OS/2[212] Display drivers[213]
      
      Matrox[214] 
      
      Microsoft[215]: 
      
      Windows 3.x[216]
      
      Windows 95[217] [updated 4/9/96]
      
      Windows NT[218]
      
      Number Nine[219] 
      
      Packard Bell[220]
      
      S3[221] (generic) [updated 3/29/96]
      
      STB Systems[222] 
      
      Trident Microsystems[223] (generic) [updated 8/13/96]
      
      Tseng Labs[224] (generic) [updated 8/13/96]
      
      ViewSonic[225] [new 7/27/96]
      
      Western Digital/Paradise[226]
      
   
   
    Note: Only those companies that have drivers available for
   download are listed.
   
    Button[227] [Return to top[228]] 
   ___________________________________
   
   
Where can I get updated disk/SCSI drivers? [updated 4/9/96]

   
   
    Updated disk and/or SCSI drivers may help to correct CRC/overrun
   errors. (See "Why am I getting CRC errors (overruns)?[229]")
   Updated drivers are available at:
   
      
      
      Disk drives[230]: 
      
      IOmega[231]
      
      Maxtor[232]
      
      Seagate[233]
      
      SyQuest Technology[234]
      
      Western Digital[235]
      
      IBM[236] OS/2[237]: 
      
      Fixes and CSD's[238]
      
      "Other" drivers[239]
      
      IDE adapter/controller cards[240]: 
      
      BusLogic[241] 
      
      Promise Technology[242]
      
      Tekram Technology[243] (Recommended by the author) 
      
      Microsoft[244]: 
      
      Windows 95[245] [updated 4/9/96]
      
      Windows NT[246]
      
      SCSI adapter/controller cards[247]: 
      
      Adaptec[248] (Recommended by the author)
      
      BusLogic[249] 
      
      Promise Technology[250]
      
      QLogic[251] 
      
      Tekram Technology[252]
      
   
   
    Note: Only those companies that have drivers available for
   download are listed.
   
    Button[253] [Return to top[254]] 
   ___________________________________
   
   
Why 1024 bytes for the Windows COM buffer?

   
   
    The buffer size is mostly a flow control issue. When the buffer
   fills up above the "high water mark" (e.g., 75%), a Windows comm
   driver asserts receive flow control; then when it drops below the
   "low water mark" (e.g., 25%) a Windows comm driver releases
   receive flow control. (A Windows comm application should have
   nothing to do with flow control. DOS applications, on the other
   hand, do not use the Windows comm driver and so must do their own
   flow control.)
   
    For Windows applications then the only serious issue is that the
   size of the buffer between the "high water mark" and buffer-full
   must be big enough to give the local modem time to respond to flow
   control being asserted -- there is inevitably a certain amount of
   "dribble," but it's usually no more than about 10-20 characters,
   for which even the default 128-byte buffer should be adequate. For
   performance you want the buffer large enough for the Windows
   application to be able to process incoming data in reasonable
   sized chunks. (You also want the modem to respond to flow control
   being released before the buffer is drained by the application,
   although this is much less important due to modem buffering.) Thus
   if multitasking is going on, a somewhat larger buffer than the
   default (e.g., 256-1024) may improve performance. The higher end
   of the range accommodates a typical (YMODEM/ZMODEM[255]) block.
   Beyond that point diminishing returns set in rapidly.
   
    For DOS applications the buffer size is more important, since
   the DOS application is responsible for flow control and takes much
   longer to respond than a Windows comm driver. That's why it's a
   good idea to have a receive buffer as big as a typical
   (YMODEM/ZMODEM) block (i.e., 1024 bytes). The alternative is to
   turn the buffer off completely and give the DOS application direct
   access to the COM port by setting a buffer size of 0.
   
    On the transmit side (where there's no flow control concern) the
   only consideration is performance -- you want the buffer to be big
   enough so that it doesn't drain to empty when the application is
   unable to respond fast enough to refill it. The default 128-byte
   buffer will drain in only 22 ms at 5760 cps, which is less than a
   single multitasking timeslice. A 1024-byte buffer takes 178 ms to
   drain, which is normally sufficient; above that point diminishing
   returns set in rapidly. One reason is that modem buffering can
   make up for (short) times that the transmit buffer drains to
   empty. And if you make the transmit buffer too large, it can
   introduce timing problems (due to the "long" buffer drain time)
   with DOS applications and with poorly written Windows
   applications.
   
    Button[256] [Return to top[257]] 
   ___________________________________
   
   
What is "retraining"? 

   
   
What are "fall-back" and "fall-forward"?

   
   
    It's very important to properly distinguish between (a)
   retraining and (b) fall-back/forward. They are frequently confused
   but they are not the same thing. If you turn on the modem speaker
   with M2 you can easily hear the difference.
   
    RETRAINING 
   
    Retraining is like the initial training -- several seconds where
   the modems probe the line in order to configure themselves
   (equalization, nonlinear coding, pre-emphasis, pre-coding,
   shaping, mapping, etc.). Either modem can request a retrain, but
   the retrain will only occur if the other modem grants it. You can
   hear the distinctive training sounds if the modem speaker is on.
   During the several seconds of retraining no data can flow. Because
   of that we want the modems to only retrain when truly necessary,
   as when line conditions have changed significantly and
   permanently, something that is usually rare. Retraining may not
   necessarily result in a higher speed. Excessive retrains can
   therefore be a serious problem.
   
    FALL-BACK/FORWARD 
   
    Fall-back/forward is simple speed shifting that is relatively
   quick, so we would like the modems to fall back when needed to
   keep the error rate low, and fall forward when possible to improve
   throughput. With the modem speaker on you will hear only a small
   beep or blip in the carrier hiss. If a noise burst causes a
   fall-back, we want the modems to fall-forward as soon as the burst
   is gone. What we don't want is for the modems to ping-pong back
   and forth between two speeds, because that would result in lower
   throughput than simply remaining at the lower speed. Again,
   fall-back/forward can be requested by either modem, but will only
   occur if the other modem permits it.
   
    Button[258] [Return to top[259]] 
   ___________________________________
   
   
How do I set a speed greater than 19200 bps in Windows?

   
   
    You can set a speed faster than 19200 in the Windows Control
   Panel by simply typing it in. However, there is almost never a
   need to do so -- almost all Windows comm applications set their
   own serial port speed. The settings in the Control Panel are
   primarily for devices attached to the serial port; e.g., printers.
   (See "Control Panel Serial Port Settings Are for Printing
   Only[260]")
   
    Button[261] [Return to top[262]] 
   ___________________________________
   
   
[continued]




What about third-party comm drivers for Windows?

   
   
    Despite "urban legends" to the contrary, the standard Windows
   3.1 COMM.DRV is capable of supporting high-speed modems on a
   reasonably fast system, and does support the 16550 FIFO. (See
   "Windows Support of the 16550 UART[263]") However, it does have
   three limitations:
   
      
      
      It does not use the transmit FIFO. This rarely makes any
      difference for data, but can be a problem for Class 1 fax
      timing above 9,600 bps.
      
      The receive FIFO threshold is fixed at 14 bytes, which leaves
      only 2 bytes before overrun occurs. Dropping the receive
      threshold to 8 bytes (or even lower) may help to reduce
      overruns. For that you need a third-party comm driver.
      
      DOS comm programs running under Windows 386 Enhanced Mode are
      fooled into thinking that the COM port only has a 16450 UART.
      This can cause problems, particularly with poorly-written DOS
      comm programs (i.e., those that do not drain the UART buffer on
      each receive interrupt). The alternative is to give the DOS
      application direct access to the COM port (see "Why 1024 bytes
      for the Windows COM buffer?[264]") or, better yet, upgrade to
      Windows for Workgroups 3.11 or Windows 95. 
      
   
   
    Also despite "urban legends" to the contrary, COMM.DRV supports
   speeds up to 256,000 bps, hardware permitting, including 115,200
   bps. (See "Setting Baud Rates in Windows 3.1[265]") How fast you
   can go will depend on your hardware. With only an 8250 or 16450
   UART, you may not be able to go faster than 19,200 bps without
   overrun; with a 16550 UART and a reasonably fast system, you
   should be able to go up to 57,600 bps, or even 115,200 bps. 57,600
   bps is normally adequate for even a 28,800 bps modem. Caveat: With
   an acknowledgment protocol (e.g., XMODEM), as opposed to a
   streaming protocol (e.g., ZMODEM[266]), a higher serial port speed
   can improve the response time. (See "Measurement of DTE Rate
   Latency[267]")
   
    Third-party comm drivers include the freeware:
   
        CYBERCOM.DRV[268]
        WFXCOMM.DRV[269] (from Delrina[270], particularly reco
     mmended for use with WinFax) 
     
   
   
    Third-party drivers are not needed for and should not be used
   with Windows for Workgroups 3.11 or Windows 95, which have a
   better comm architecture than standard Windows. An upgrade to
   Windows for Workgroups 3.11 or Windows 95 is probably the best way
   to improve Windows communications. (See "Any other Windows
   tips?[271]") Third-party Windows drivers should also not be used
   with OS/2 (Warp).
   
    Button[272] [Return to top[273]] 
   ___________________________________
   
   
How can I share a modem between data and WinFax?

   
   
      
      
      Delrina WinComm PRO can seamlessly share a modem with Delrina
      WinFax PRO. With WinFax PRO set to automatically answer the
      telephone, WinComm PRO will turn off WinFax PRO auto-answer to
      dial out, and turn WinFax PRO auto-answer back on when it is
      through with the modem. The two programs may be purchased
      together in a discounted bundle called the Delrina Comm Suite.
      
      With other data comm programs you can use WfListen[274], a
      program that will shut down Delrina WinFax when you start your
      data comm program, and then restart WinFax when you shut down
      your data comm program, all automatically. Shareware. (A
      companion program, wfStatus[275], modifies the WinFax icon to
      show whether it's ready to receive faxes or not. Also
      shareware.)
      
      Another alternative is KingComm, a commercial virtual comm port
      driver that allows multiple comm apps to share the same modem.
      
      Multi-Tech[276] provides a proprietary "Virtual Modem" comm
      driver for Windows with certain modems that will reportedly
      route incoming data and fax calls to appropriate applications.
      However, it does not support the 16550 FIFO buffers, a serious
      drawback. (See "Do I need a 16550 UART? What is a UART?[277]")
      
   
   
    Note: Except for Multi-Tech, these alternatives do not have the
   ability to automatically detect and properly route incoming data
   and fax calls. For that you need a modem that supports incoming
   Call Discrimination (also called "Adaptive Answer" or "Call
   Select"), as well as data and fax comm software which support that
   capability (e.g., WinFax PRO 7.0 for Windows 95[278] [see "How can
   I use a single phone for fax/data/voice?[279]"] or Procomm Plus
   for Windows 2.xx[280]).
   
    Button[281] [Return to top[282]] 
   ___________________________________
   
   
How can I display the status of an internal modem under Windows?
[updated 6/6/96]

   
   
  
                         
  Windows 3.x:          ModemSta[283] displays an animated icon
                         replica or larger indicator displays of
                         modem's front panel. Several 3D looks, with
                         customizable colors. For use with internal,
                         external and PCMCIA modems. Modem
                         initialization, logging of incoming calls
                         and connections, additional status info,
                         show communications settings, generation of
                         sounds at comm events. Can also monitor
                         parallel ports. Shareware US$15.
                         
  Windows 95: [new 6/6/96]
                         The System Monitor accessory that comes with
                         Windows 95 has a wealth of hidden
                         capabilities, among them the ability to
                         measure Dial-Up Networking performance in
                         real time. Choose Edit | Add Item |
                         Microsoft Network Client to see the options
                         available.
                         
   
   
    Note: It is not possible to continuously display the
   modem-to-modem speed of an internal modem. (Some drivers and
   applications display data throughput, but that is not the same
   thing.) The reason is that you have to have to escape the modem to
   command mode and issue a special command, if available, which
   interrupts the flow of data. (See "Any other USRobotics
   tips?[284]")
   
    Button[285] [Return to top[286]] 
   ___________________________________
   
   
Why does Windows lock up when I access my modem?

   
   
    The most common cause of this problem is a 16550-compatible chip
   that isn't fully compatible. Typically this is seen on Pentium
   systems with serial ports integrated on the motherboard, but it
   can also happen with add-on cards, particularly "multi-I/O" cards
   based on popular SMC[287] chips. (See "PC Hangs While Running a
   Communications Application[288]" and "16550 UART FIFO Support
   under Windows NT[289]")
   
      
      
      Updated drivers are available from SMC and Microsoft to work
      around the problem. The SMC package[290] includes both SMC's
      updated COMM.DRV for regular Windows 3.1 and Microsoft's
      updated SERIAL.386 for Windows for Workgroups 3.11; the
      Microsoft package[291] includes only Microsoft's updated
      SERIAL.386 (10,620 bytes dated 2/17/94). But see warning
      below.
      
      Alternatively you should be able to completely solve (or simply
      test) the problem by turning off the UART FIFO buffers. To do
      that under regular Windows 3.1 or Windows for Workgroups 3.11,
      put the following in the [386Enh] section of your SYSTEM.INI
      file:
       COMnFIFO=0
      where n is the number of your modem COM port (e.g.,
      COM2FIFO=0). Under Windows NT see "16550 UART FIFO Support under
      Windows NT[292]." The drawback is that you then won't get the
      benefit of the 16550 FIFO buffers. (See "Do I need a 16550
      UART? What is a UART?[293]")
      
   
   
    Warning: Although Microsoft specifically identifies the SMC '665
   chip as the problem, the author has personally verified that a
   problem also exists in the SMC '666 chip (FDC37C666GT).
   Furthermore, although the original FIFO problem is reportedly
   fixed in current chip production, the author has personally
   verified that a problem (perhaps a different problem) still exists
   as of August 1995. The author has also personally verified that:
   
      
      
      SMC's updated COMM.DRV does not correct this current problem;
      and
      
      Microsoft's updated SERIAL.386 is not fully satisfactory:
      lockups are very rare but not entirely eliminated, and Windows
      multitasking is adversely affected during certain
      communications operations (e.g., negotiating a dialup PPP link
      with Trumpet Winsock 2.1F[294]). 
      
   
   
    The only fully effective workaround is to disable the FIFO
   buffers (as described above). For this reason the author does not
   currently recommend products that use SMC "multi-I/O" chips. 
   
    Button[295] [Return to top[296]] 
   ___________________________________
   
   
Why can't I get back on-line after I escape to command mode?

   
   
    While on-line you escape your modem to command mode with "+++",
   and then try to get back into data mode with ATO, but the remote
   system no longer responds. You have to break the connection to
   recover.
   
    What's probably happening is that your "+++" escape code is
   being echoed by the remote system back to the remote modem,
   throwing it into command mode as well, a state from which you
   cannot recover short of disconnecting. It really shouldn't be
   happening, because any BBS SYSOP or Internet Provider worthy of
   the name should either disable the escape sequence or at least
   change it to an unusual value. But all too many don't.
   
    The solution is to use modem register S2 to change your modem
   escape character. The author uses S2=61 to change the escape
   character to "=", which is on the same key as "+", making it easy
   to remember.
   
    Button[297] [Return to top[298]] 
   ___________________________________
   
   
What are the best (data/fax) comm programs for Windows? [updated
4/11/96]

   
   
    There are several excellent programs, and what is best for one
   won't necessarily be best for others.
   
    For data comm, the personal favorites of the author are
   HyperACCESS for Windows (commercial from Hilgraeve[299]) and the
   near-clone WinComm PRO (commercial from Delrina[300]). Both are
   extremely powerful while being very easy to use. For those on a
   budget, there is a freeware version of WinComm called WinComm
   Lite[301]. (There is also a freeware DOS comm program from Delrina
   called FreeComm[302]. Neither WinComm Lite nor FreeComm has been
   reviewed by the author.)
   
    Popular shareware alternatives include:
   
        Softerm Plus[303] (X/Y/ZMODEM with SLIP and TCP/IP)
        Telix for Windows[304]
        UniCom[305]
        WinQVT[306] (VT-220 emulator with X/Y/ZMODEM/Kermit)
        WinRamp Lite[307] (w/RIP)
        ZCOMM for Windows 95[308] (telnet plus best ZMODEM) [ne
     w 4/11/96]
     
   
   
    For fax comm, the personal favorite of the author is WinFax PRO
   (commercial from Delrina[309]). It integrates well with WinComm
   PRO, and the two can be purchased in a discounted bundle as the
   Delrina Comm Suite. (If you experience fax problems with a USR
   modem, see "Any other USRobotics tips?[310]")
   
    Note: Delrina[311] has been acquired by Symantec[312].
   
    The author does not recommend Version 2.xx of Procomm Plus for
   Windows (commercial from Datastorm[313]). While version 1.xx
   evolved into a robust (albeit quirky) data comm program, version
   2.xx has suffered from "featuritis" and has been plagued with many
   problems (e.g., greatly excessive locking of memory below 1 Mb
   [See "PRB: Avoiding 'Insufficient Memory to Run' Errors[314]"]).
   
    Button[315] [Return to top[316]] 
   ___________________________________
   
   
Why do I sometimes have problems connecting?

   
   
    See below and also "Any other USR tips?[317]".
   
Why do I sometimes get abruptly disconnected?

   
   
      
      
      Disconnections may be caused by momentary drops of DTR by
      certain comm applications. (By default most modems respond to a
      drop of DTR by hanging up.) 
      
      With most modems you can work around this problem by disabling
      DTR (i.e., &D0). Note that when DTR is disabled you have to
      escape the modem to command mode and use the "ATH" command to
      hang up.
      
      With USR modems you can also use register S25 to work around
      the problem (e.g., S25=10 will ignore a DTR drop of less than
      10/100 or 1/10 second, which is twice the default of 5/100
      second). 
      
      For those experiencing disconnects (and/or erratic connection
      speeds) when calling Rockwell-based V.FC modems from a USR
      28800 (V.FC or V.34) modem, a firmware fix is now available for
      the Sportster (dated 4/18/95 or later for USA modems) by
      calling USR (847/982-5151); for the Courier, the fix (dated
      7/5/95 or later for USA modems) is available by FTP[318]. In
      the meantime, the author's workarounds (which may help in some
      cases even if you have the updated firmware) are: 
      
      Disable V.42 Detect Phase (i.e., S27=48).
       -- or -- 
      
      Disable V.42 completely (i.e., S27=32). If you then sometimes
      get non-error-correcting connections, force error-correction
      mode (i.e., &M5). You may find that you have to redial several
      times to get connected; if so, try the following.
       -- and/or --- 
      
      Disable the highest symbol rates (e.g., S54.5=1S54.4=1S54.3=1).
      This will limit your top speed (to 24000 in this example),
      depending on how many symbol rates you disable (3429, 3200, and
      3000 in this example).
       -- also -- 
      
      With V.FC-only firmware (as opposed to the newer V.34 firmware)
      it may help to also disable the 32S-2D map (i.e., S55.2=1).
       -- finally -- 
      
      It may also help to set S10=255. 
      
   
   
    With a USR 28800 modem, you can determine the technical reason
   for a disconnect by issuing the ATI6 command immediately after the
   disconnection. Disconnect reasons are explained in the Courier
   manual[319].
   
    If possible, set these options on a phone number-specific basis.
   With comm apps which lack that capability, you may be able to
   embed them in the phone number; e.g., "^H^HS27=48DT555-1212". (The
   two "^H" backspace characters erase the "DT" in an "ATDT" dial
   command so that the "S27=48" will be accepted, and then the
   following "DT" replaces the "DT" that was erased; i.e., "ATDT" +
   "^H^HS27=48DT555-1212" = "ATS27=48DT555-1212".)
   
    Button[320] [Return to top[321]] 
   ___________________________________
   
   
Why do connections sometimes seem to run slower and slower?

   
   
    The following is a discussion of the so-called "spiraling death"
   problem that has been observed on the Sportster 28800 (and
   sometimes even the Courier V.34), where the modem will fall back
   over time on certain connections to ever lower speeds.
   
    What we are really concerned with here is fall-forward, not
   retraining. (See "What is 'retraining'? and What are 'fall-back'
   and 'fall-forward'?[322]") Retraining is normally a rare event. So
   the problem is really that the Sportster 28800 sometimes does not
   fall-forward when it is able to do so. The symptom is that the
   Sportster 28800 is sometimes observed to fall back to
   progressively lower speeds without ever being observed to fall
   forward back to higher speeds. The implication is that line
   conditions would have permitted a higher speed, which may or may
   not have been true. (It's impossible to say for sure without
   elaborate test equipment.)
   
    THE ATO1 CONNECT RESPONSE CONFUSION 
   
    Some of the evidence used to support the claim that the
   Sportster 28800 doesn't fall forward has been that ATO1 (forced
   retraining) returned the modem to a higher speed. The problem with
   at least some of these reports is that people have assumed that
   the CONNECT response to ATO1 reports the new speed after
   retraining. It doesn't, as should be obvious if you notice that
   the response appears before the retraining sound (heard with M2)
   is completed. The response sometimes shows the previous connection
   speed, and sometimes shows the original connection speed, but
   never the new speed. The only way to correctly determine the
   connect speed after retraining is to escape to command mode and
   use the ATI6 command! (See Any other USRobotics tips?[323], Any
   Trumpet Winsock tips?[324], and Why can't I get back on-line after
   I escape to command mode?[325])
   
    Suppose that a phone connection is such that the Sportster 28800
   CONNECTs at a high speed (e.g., 28800), but then falls back to a
   lower speed (e.g., 24000) due to line conditions. Escape to
   command-mode followed by ATO1 might well make you think that
   retraining has returned the modem to the original high speed (due
   to a CONNECT 28800 response) when it may well not have.
   Disconnecting and reconnecting could produce the same misleading
   indications. In other words, these may just be plain old poor
   connections. The moral here is that you must use ATI6, and only
   ATI6, to check the current connection speed.
   
    Another problem is that ATO1 may not change the current speed,
   or may even reduce it, depending on changing line conditions. And
   it's hard to keep ongoing auto fall-back/forward from confusing
   the issue (unless you use M2 and listen carefully for the sound of
   the speed shifts, a small beep or blip in the ongoing carrier
   hiss). The only way to know for sure whether or not the speed
   changed is to use ATI6 immediately before and after ATO1.
   
    SPORTSTER PROBLEMS 
   
    Does the Sportster 28800 fall-forward automatically or not? From
   extensive testing (literally hundreds of hours to both USR and
   non-USR modems) the author concludes that the answer is: often
   yes, but sometimes no. The author has run many tests where the
   Sportster 28800 was forced back to (say) 16800, and then it
   rapidly fall forward to a much higher speed. But the author has
   also run some tests where it stayed at 16800. This seems to be a
   function of both line conditions and the modem at the other end of
   the connection.
   
    Note that this problem is not absolute -- while some users do
   encounter it on some connections, many users never encounter it.
   
    Another possibly related problem that some have reported with
   the external Sportster 28800 (not the internal Sportster, and not
   either type of the Courier) is that adjusting the speaker volume
   control while on-line causes the modem to fall back. Anecdotal
   reports suggest that higher connection speeds may be possible if
   the volume control is turned all the way down before the initial
   negotiation (and left there). Turning off the speaker with M0 is
   apparently not effective.
   
    WHAT TO DO 
   
    USR now has a fix for this problem:
   
        "Dear USRobotics Customers: 
     
   
   
        USR has received many comments about a condition identif
     ied by some users as Spiraling Death Syndrome. The conditio
     ns stated are that the Sportster v.34 modem degrades it's t
     hroughput speed as the product heats up. 
     
   
   
        Although we have been unable to duplicate the problem on
      a large scale, we have duplicated these symptoms on a very
      intermittent basis. However, the current release of v.34 c
     ode (dated 4/18/95) has allowed for greater variances in am
     bient temperature swings in addition to greater compatibili
     ty to non-USR products. As a result, for the next 30 days,
     USR is offering a code upgrade and fulfillment program at n
     o cost to our customers. Until June 9, 1995 customers simpl
     y need to contact USR at 847/982-5151 and prompt for Techni
     cal Support to validate the symptoms. Upon validation, USR'
     s Customer Service Department will process the replacement
     code order. 
     
   
   
        Please note that this is a limited time offer. Effective
      Monday, June 12, 1995 the standard code upgrade program go
     es back into effect. This program requires a $15 fee to cov
     er the extraction tool, handling & shipping. 
     
   
   
        We thank our customers for continued support of USRoboti
     cs products and it is our wish to maintain customer support
      and loyalty."
     
   
   
    The author urges all Sportster 28800 owners to take advantage of
   this offer. Even though the original offer has expired, you may
   still be able to get a free upgrade if you (politely) insist on
   it. Or you can purchase the low-cost upgrade to 33600, which
   contains all previous improvements, if you have one of the
   Sportster models for which the upgrade is available.
   
    While waiting for the fix, here are some workarounds to try:
   
      
      
      If possible try a different modem to see if the problems
      persist or not.
      
      Try to improve your connection -- the Sportster 28800 may be
      falling back in response to noise bursts on the line. (See "Why
      don't I get 28800 bps speed on my connections?[326]")
      
      If you have the external Sportster 28800, try turning the
      volume control all the way down before the initial negotiation.
      
      You can disable fallback on the transmit side (the receive side
      is not affected) by setting the undocumented option of S15=2.
      The downside is that you may get disconnected if line
      conditions deteriorate enough to warrant a fall-back and/or you
      may experience more retraining. (This option is documented for
      the Courier V.34.)
      
      If you have 11/30/94 or later Sportster firmware (date for USA
      modems), you can lock the transmit speed (but not the receive
      speed) in a range with &Nn&Un (e.g., &N14&U12 locks the
      transmit speed between 28800 and 24000). With an appropriate
      range, this may be more reliable than S15=2. (However, it does
      not work on the Courier.) 
      
   
   
    Button[327] [Return to top[328]] 
   ___________________________________
   
   
Why does my Internet connection run at half-speed? [new 6/13/96]

   
   
    The following was contributed by Eric Gisin[329]:
   
    Occasionally one sees slow downloads over dial-up PPP
   connections. I have never seen a plausible explanation for this in
   the comp.os.ms-windows.*[330] newsgroups, but did find an
   explanation in one of the UNIX newsgroups[331].
   
    Apparently Solaris 2.3/2.4/2.5 have a TCP/IP bug that causes
   every packet to be sent twice when the network delay exceeds some
   threshold. You will observe the modem receiving data most of the
   time, but the transfer rate will be half of what it should be
   (1.6KB/s for 14.4, 3.2KB/s for 28.8).
   
    You can work around this bug both on the server and in Windows
   95. If your provider's Sun server has this problem, make them fix
   it! (See "Initialize the ReTransmit interval[332]")
   
    In Windows the work-around is to reduce the Default Receive
   Window from its default of 8192, thereby reducing the network
   delay. I haven't verified this myself, as I rarely see the
   problem. If you can verify this solution, let me know and I will
   get it into an FAQ.
   
    If you aren't using TCP/IP on a LAN, you can set Receive Window
   to 4096 with no drop in performance and an improvement in
   interactive response (while downloading) of one or two seconds.
   Reducing the size of the Default Receive Windows probably is
   probably a general fix for many "mysterious" bugs, including the
   Solaris bug.
   
    Here is a registry hack[333] that makes changing TCP/IP
   parameters easy. Maybe Microsoft could incorporate these changes
   into nettrans.inf.
   
    Button[334] [Return to top[335]] 
   ___________________________________
   
   
What is Distinctive Ring? [new 4/11/96]

   
   
How can I use a single phone for fax/data/voice? [new 4/11/96]

   
   
    There are basically four methods of sharing an incoming phone
   line (without resorting to custom programming):
   
      
      
      Install a "Call Router" device on your regular phone line. (The
      cost is in the range of $50-300, depending on features. Sources
      on the Internet include Black Box[336], Hello Direct[337], and
      Sparco Communications[338].) You plug your modem, fax machine,
      answering machine, and/or voice telephone into the device. The
      device answers incoming calls, and directs them to the
      appropriate connected unit. Some devices do this with a series
      of voice prompts that instruct the caller to press different
      phone buttons for different services. Others do it by listening
      to the incoming call, and making a selection (guess) based on
      what they "hear." Drawbacks to this method are that voice
      prompting can confuse calling modems, and that your computer
      would need a second modem to receive both fax and data calls.
      
      "Silent Answer[339]." This is a fax modem feature in certain
      Diamond/Supra[340] modems that allows a fax modem to share a
      voice line. The modem answers, but does not use the normal fax
      answer tones. Instead it listens for tones from a calling fax.
      If it hears such tones, it automatically picks up the call and
      goes into fax mode, possibly cutting off an answering machine.
      Otherwise, it does not disturb the call. The drawback to this
      method is that it does not support data calls.
      
      Obtain "Distinctive Ring" service, and use a modem and software
      that support it. This service, offered by some (but not all)
      local telephone companies, gives you more than one phone number
      for a single phone line. Each number has a "distinctive"
      ringing pattern that can be detected by attached equipment. An
      attached fax/modem and software that support Distinctive Ring
      can then tell whether a call is coming in on the fax, data, or
      voice number, and handle the call in the appropriate manner.
      (Distinctive Ring can also be used with certain kinds of Call
      Routers. See above.) Distinctive Ring is usually not free, but
      less expensive than multiple phone lines. The drawbacks to this
      method are the monthly charge, and the possibility that the
      service may not be available in your area.
      
      Use a modem and software that support incoming Call
      Discrimination (also called "Adaptive Answer" or "Call
      Select"). Certain fax/data modems can discriminate between fax
      and data calls; certain so-called "voice" modems[341] can
      discriminate between fax, data, and voice calls. The modem
      answers the call, and uses a combination of listening and
      trying (tones) to determine (guess) the type of incoming call.
      A voice modem and appropriate software can also employ voice
      prompting like certain Call Routers (see above). The modem then
      notifies the software of the type of call. The software is
      expected to take the appropriate action. Some modems do a
      better job of Call Discrimination than others. 
      
   
   
    The personal preference of the author is Call Discrimination.
   The problem is that good software that supports Call
   Discrimination has been hard to find. Although Version 2.xx of
   Procomm Plus for Windows has such support, it does not work well
   with all modems (see "Does USR Adaptive Answer work with Procomm
   Plus for Windows?[342]"), and the author does not otherwise
   recommend the program (see "What are the best [data/fax] comm
   programs for Windows?[343]"). Microsoft TAPI[344] promised to
   address this need, but TAPI has been slow in coming. (See "What is
   TAPI?[345]") Delrina[346] WinFax PRO 7.0, also available as part
   of the Delrina CommSuite 95, finally delivers on that promise.
   Here's how to make Call Discrimination work on the USR Sportster
   28800 Vi in Windows 95 with fax and the Dial-Up Networking
   Server:
   
      
      
      Make sure that you have current modem firmware.
      
      Install the latest INF file for the Vi[347] from the USR
      BBS/FTP server.
      
      Install the Unimodem V[348] driver from Microsoft.
      
      You must also have the latest WinFax 7.0 Maintenance
      Update[349].
      
      Use Control Panel | Modems to first Remove your modem, and then
      Add it back using the proper INF file entry.
      
      Configure your modem in WinFax Setup | Modem, and be sure to
      select TAPI.
      
      Use WinFax Setup | Receive to enable Call Discrimination. (You
      should not have to fool with the Registry settings.) Be sure to
      click OK even if you made no changes.
      
      Open Dial-Up Networking and select Connections | Dial-Up server
      to enable the Allow Caller Access option. Click Apply, and make
      sure that Status shows or switches to "Monitoring."
      
      It's also important to be sure that you have NetBEUI installed
      for your Dial-Up Adapter (under Control Panel | Networking) --
      TCP/IP will not do the job.
      
      And don't forget to set the Sharing option (in My Computer or
      Explorer) for drives and/or folders you want to be able to
      access. 
      
   
   
    Having done all this, the author's Windows 95 system, even with
   just the Delrina CommBar running, will answer calls on a Sportster
   28800 Vi (internal), and connect them to either WinFax or the
   Windows 95 Dial-Up Server as appropriate. It's also possible for
   the author to retrieve faxes remotely. (When connected to the
   Dial-Up server from a remote location, it's even possible for the
   author to access UNIX hosts running Samba[350] that are connected
   to the Windows 95 PC over an Ethernet TCP/IP network.) All in all,
   it's an impressive display of technology. The one catch is that
   certain failure modes will cause WinFax to go out of fax
   auto-answer mode, even though the option is still checked; if and
   when this happens, open Setup | Receive and click OK.
   
    If for data you need "mini-BBS" capability instead of
   networking, you can substitute the Host Mode in Delrina WinComm
   PRO 7.0, also included in the Delrina CommSuite 95, although this
   has not been tested by the author. The principal drawback is that
   WinComm PRO 7.0 currently suffers from bugs and other problems,
   including excessive CPU usage in Host Mode. Or you can try some
   other TAPI-complaint application (e.g., remote access software),
   but be warned that this is still new territory, and that you may
   have difficulty getting everything to work together properly.
   
    Delrina TalkWorks, also included in the Delrina CommSuite 95,
   adds voice support, but has not been tested by the author.
   
    Button[351] [Return to top[352]] 
   ___________________________________
   
   
What is Caller ID? [new 4/11/96]

   
   
    Caller ID is a technology that makes it possible for the called
   party to see the telephone number of the caller on a special
   device while the incoming call is ringing. It is also possible for
   a modem with Caller ID capability to obtain the telephone number
   data and report it to special software, which can use the data for
   purposes like security validation, event logging, and/or data
   access (e.g., of a caller's credit history). Caller ID is an
   optional service that is being offered by more and more local
   telephone companies now that the FCC[353] has mandated nationwide
   deployment. (See "Caller ID to be available nationwide[354]")
   
    Caller ID has obvious applications in telephone mail-order,
   emergency services, dial-in communications, and for those that
   simply want to screen their calls. However, it can also invade the
   privacy of a caller, disclosing information that the caller would
   prefer not to disclose. (Your telephone number is a key that could
   be used to instantly access the vast amount of information about
   you that has undoubtedly been compiled in public and private
   databases without your knowledge or consent.) Caller ID can be
   blocked on a per-call or a per-line basis. Check with your local
   telephone company.
   
    Button[355] [Return to top[356]] 
   ___________________________________
   
   
[continued]




How do I shut off Call Waiting? [new 4/11/96]

   
   
    Call Waiting is a phone service option that allows you to be
   interrupted by an incoming call while you are using the phone
   line. If you are using the phone line for data or fax, the "beep"
   that signals the incoming call can cause an abrupt disconnection,
   which can be a problem.
   
    To temporarily disable Call Waiting for a single outgoing call,
   there is often a special code that can be dialed before the phone
   number. With tone dialing service, this special code is usually
   "*70" (e.g., instead of dialing say "555-1212", you would dial
   "*70,555-1212", with the comma being used to signal your modem to
   insert a brief pause between the special code and the phone
   number); with pulse dialing service, this special code may be
   "1170". Check with your local phone company to be sure. Better
   comm programs have an option to insert the special code
   automatically.
   
    (On the other hand, you may actually want Call Waiting to
   interrupt a data or fax call, so that you do not miss an important
   incoming call. However, some modems will not be disconnected by
   the "beep," and there may be no possible work-around.)
   
    Button[357] [Return to top[358]] 
   ___________________________________
   
   
How do I keep my data/fax call from being interrupted? [new 4/11/96]

   
   
    It goes like this. You have a single line with multiple
   extensions that you use for both voice and fax/data. You are
   on-line in the middle of a large file transfer. Someone else picks
   an extension in another room, and bang, your connection is lost
   sending the file transfer down the drain.
   
    There is an easy way to prevent this problem. Obtain a "Line
   Protector" for each extension phone. When your modem is on-line,
   the Line Protector will automatically prevent the attached phone
   from interrupting your connection. A Line Protector is
   inexpensive, and readily available on the Internet (e.g., Black
   Box[359] or Hello Direct[360]) or from Radio Shack (which calls
   it a "TeleProtector"). Some "Call Routers" will also provide this
   kind of protection. (See "How can I use a single phone for
   fax/data/voice?[361]")
   
    Button[362] [Return to top[363]] 
   ___________________________________
   
   
How can I make fax work better? [new 4/27/96]

   
   
    There are three popular standards for fax modem commands (used
   by fax software applications):
   
  
                         
  Class 1               A low-level standard, Class 1 puts the most
                         burden on your fax software and your host
                         CPU, but also gives the most control. Slower
                         systems may have problems sending and
                         receiving faxes in the background with Class
                         1.
                         
  Class 2               A de facto standard promulgated by Rockwell,
                         so-called Class 2 is widely supported by fax
                         software, and takes much of the low-level
                         load off of your system, which can improve
                         faxing in the background, particularly if
                         you have a slower system.
                         
  Class 2.0             A true standard for higher-level fax
                         commands, Class 2.0 is notably supported by
                         USRobotics, but is not widely supported in
                         software as of this writing. It is not
                         compatible with Class 2, although it can
                         provide similar benefits. 
                         
   
   
    Consumer-grade fax modems have a number of weaknesses and
   deficiencies, not all of which can be completely overcome. That
   noted, here are some suggestions for making your fax work better:
   
      
      
      If you are having trouble getting fax to work at all, try any
      software that came bundled with your fax modem. While that
      software may not be fully satisfactory, it should at least tell
      you whether your fax modem is working properly or not.
      
      Make sure that you have specified the correct fax Class for
      your modem in your fax software.
      
      Make sure that you have the latest updates for your fax
      software.
      
      Make sure that you are using the recommended initialization
      string for your modem.
      
      Slower systems may have problems faxing at 14.4 Kbps. If you
      are having problems, try dropping the maximum fax speed down to
      9600 bps, if possible.
      
      Slower systems in particular may not be able to do much in the
      foreground without interfering with background faxing,
      particularly with Class 1. 32-bit operating systems like OS/2
      Warp, Windows NT, and Windows 95 are better able to handle fax
      in the background than 16-bit operating systems like Windows
      3.x.
      
      For fax reliability on a budget consider a Rockwell[364]-based
      fax modem -- Rockwell makes most of the fax chipsets in fax
      machines, so Rockwell-based fax modems tend to have an edge in
      fax interoperability.
      
      See other fax tips throughout this document. 
      
   
   
    High-end fax modem products have significantly better fax
   machine coverage, reliability, and performance than consumer-grade
   fax modems. Such products are made by:
   
      
      
      Brooktrout[365]
      
      Gammalink[366]
      
      Pure Data[367] 
      
   
   
    Button[368] [Return to top[369]] 
   ___________________________________
   
   
Does USR Adaptive Answer work with Procomm Plus for Windows?

   
   
    How to get Adaptive Answer to work on USR Sportster modems with
   Procomm Plus for Windows 2.xx (PW2.xx):
   
    Adaptive Answer (called Call Selection by USR) works in Class 1
   as well as Class 2.0 mode with 28.8 versions of both the USR
   Courier and Sportster. PW2.xx does not support Class 2.0 (only
   Class 1 and so-called Class 2), so it must be configured for Class
   1 fax with USR modems.
   
    The USR Adaptive Answer problem is that Datastorm[370]
   apparently assumed that all modems are like Rockwell clones, which
   can enable Adaptive Answer while still in data mode. That doesn't
   work with USR modems, which require the modem to be in fax mode to
   enable Adaptive Answer.
   
    Hopefully this problem will be fixed in a maintenance release.
   In the meantime the author's workaround to this problem is to put
   the USR Sportster modem into fax mode before enabling Adaptive
   Answer. (Apparently this method does not work on the Courier.) On
   the Setup | Fax Connection screen you will need to set:
   
        Fax class: Class 1
        Maximum transmit rate: 9600 [for reliability]
        Maximum receive rate: 9600 [for reliability]
        Class 1 adaptive answer command: +FCLASS=1+FAA=1 [no AT
     or ^M]
        Adaptive answer connect message: FAX 
     
   
   
    Now you should be able to Setup | Auto Answer | Data and Fax.
   The command won't take when done online, but don't worry, just
   wait for PW2.xx to time out, and then Online | Initialize Data
   Modem to get everything working. Startup Host Mode, and you should
   be in business. Note: If you leave Auto Answer set to Data and Fax
   and put PW2.xx with HOST.WAX as an argument in your Startup group,
   PW2.xx will launch and initialize correctly for Adaptive Answer
   when you startup Windows.
   
    Be sure to turn off Auto Answer before trying to make a data
   call out, or the call will fail since the modem will be in fax
   mode. Just Setup | Auto Answer | Off, and then Online | Initialize
   Data Modem.
   
    A little bit of a kludge, but it does work on the Sportster.
   
    Button[371] [Return to top[372]] 
   ___________________________________
   
   
Any other USRobotics tips?

   
   
    Warning: USR has indiscriminately slapped the "Sportster" name
   on so many different products that the author no longer feels it
   is a reliable product guide. For example, recent "Sportster 28800"
   and "Sportster 33600" modems have considerably different
   S-register settings as compared to the original "Sportster 28800"
   product. This invalidates a good deal of advice, including some
   of the material in this FAQ. 
   
      
      
      Certain 28800 Sportster models can be inexpensively upgraded to
      33600 (including Selective Reject[373]).
      
      Useful modem commands: 
      
      ATI6, issued after a disconnect[374], will tell you the reason
      for the disconnect. Disconnect reasons are explained in the
      Courier manual[375].
      
      ATI6 will tell you your current modem-to-modem connection speed
      if you escape (e.g., with "+++") to command mode while online.
      With split/asymmetric speeds (see What are split/asymmetric
      speeds?[376]), ATI6 will report the two speeds as
      receive/transmit. (See also "Why can't I get back on-line after
      I escape to command mode?[377]" To display the current
      connection speed when using Trumpet Winsock on a SLIP/PPP link,
      see "Any Trumpet Winsock tips?[378]")
      
      ATO will return you to on-line mode after you escape to command
      mode; ATO1 will also request a retrain[379] (which may help if
      line conditions have changed substantially).
      
      ATI7 will tell you what firmware version (date) you have. 
      
      For a good description of the output of the ATI6 and ATI11
      commands, see the FAQ by USR UK[380].
      
      If you experience problems connecting to certain V.34 modems: 
      
      It may help to disable the 3429 symbol rate (S54.5=1), which
      confuses certain modems (e.g., Hayes) that are not fully V.34
      compliant during negotiation.
      
      It may help to disable V.FC (S56.7=1). 
      
      It may help to disable V.42 detect phase (S27=48).
      
      If you experience problems connecting to certain V.34/V.FC
      modems, or you otherwise want to connect with V.FC when the
      remote modem supports both V.34 and V.FC, disable V.8
      (S54.7=1), which effectively disables V.34.
      
      If you have a particular number where you sometimes connect at
      a very slow speed but get a much higher speed when you
      immediately redial, find out if there is a Hayes modem at the
      other end. If so, it may be possible to correct the problem by
      updating the Hayes firmware.
      
      If you experience problems connecting to certain older MNP
      modems (esp. at 2400 bps), try S15=64. This option is only
      documented for the Courier ("Unusual MNP-Incompatibility"), but
      may work for the Sportster as well.
      
      If you hear a strange ringing sound after dialing and before
      the remote answers, that's Call Indicate. It's a good idea to
      disable it (S54.6=1), because it can cause connection problems
      with certain modems.
      
      Some users have reported that resetting the modem before each
      call improves the chances of a good connection. To do this, use
      ATZn instead of AT&Fn. The options for ATZn are: 
      
   
   
        Z - reset and load profile Yn
        Z1 - reset and load profile 0
        Z2 - reset and load profile 1
        Z3 - reset and load &F0 defaults
        Z4 - reset and load &F1 defaults
        Z5 - reset and load &F2 defaults
     
   
   
        In other words, ATZ4 is a good alternative to AT&F1. Ge
     nerally the only problem is that you can't put more commands
      on the same line with ATZn as you can with AT&Fn; e.g., y
     ou can do AT&F1S11=55 but not ATZ4S11=55. If you have a com
     m program that can issue more than one initialization strin
     g (e.g., HyperACCESS for Windows or WinComm PRO), you can s
     imply put additional commands in a second command string; e
     .g., ATZ4 followed by ATS11=55.
     
   
   
      
      
      If you experience faxing problems, in addition to the other
      suggestions in this document (e.g., "What about third-party comm
      drivers for Windows?[381]" and "Any other Windows tips?[382]")
      you should make sure that you have firmware dated 4/18/95 or
      later. (For a firmware upgrade, call USR at 847/982-5151.)
      Otherwise, it might help to initialize the modem with S36=0. If
      you are using Delrina WinFax, you might also try limiting your
      send and receive speeds to 9600 bps by adding the following to
      the [General] section of your WINFAX.INI file:
       MaxTxSpeed=9600
       MaxRxSpeed=9600
      
      With the Sportster (not the Courier), watch out for which
      profile you have set. If Y1 is set (which selects profile 1
      rather than profile 0), and you do (say) ATS11=55&W, and then
      later use ATZ to initialize your modem, you won't get the S11
      setting you saved! The reason is that &W always saves to the
      profile 0, while ATZ loads whatever profile Yn is set to, in
      this case profile 1.
      
      Options that are controlled by dipswitches are not saved in
      NVRAM (profiles 0 and 1). If you want them to be in a known
      state without worrying about the dipswitches, you should set
      them in your initialization string (e.g., E1Q0V1S0=0&C1&D2 for
      the default settings). 
      
   
   
    Button[383] [Return to top[384]] 
   ___________________________________
   
   
Any other Windows 3.x tips?

   
   
      
      
      An upgrade to Windows for Workgroups 3.11 or Windows 95 is
      probably the best way to improve Windows communications.
      
      To improve transmit (upload) performance and/or fax reliability
      under Windows for Workgroups 3.11, put the following in the
      [386Enh] section of your SYSTEM.INI file:
       COMnTXFIFO=1
      where n is the number of your modem COM port (e.g.,
      COM2TXFIFO=1). This enables use of the 16550 Transmit FIFO.
      (See "Do I need a 16550 UART? What is a UART?[385]")
      
      Be careful not to confuse Windows (standard) 3.11 with Windows
      for Workgroups 3.11 -- version numbers notwithstanding, they
      are not the same. Windows (standard) 3.11 is essentially
      Windows 3.1 with a few bug fixes (that do not directly affect
      modem communications), whereas Windows for Workgroups 3.11 has
      a considerably different internal architecture.
      
      If you get "Insufficient Memory to Run" errors when starting
      new applications when you still have sufficient Free Memory and
      System Resources (as displayed by Program Manager Help |
      About), one of your running applications is probably locking an
      excessive amount of memory below 1 Mb. (See "PRB: Avoiding
      'Insufficient Memory to Run' Errors[386]") Utilities are
      available to deal with this problem: 
      
      Memfix[387] (GNU "copyleft" license)
      
      MemPlus[388] (Shareware US$40)
      
      MoreMem[389] (Shareware US$40) 
      
      If you experience lockups or strange behavior, try setting
      MaxBPs=400 (or more) in the [386Enh] section of your SYSTEM.INI
      file.
      
      Contrary to "urban legends" it is possible to have a DOS
      application temporarily take over a COM port from a Windows
      application; i.e., it is possible to use a DOS program like
      DSZ[390] to handle ZMODEM[391] file transfers for a Windows
      comm app with a less efficient ZMODEM implementation. The key
      to doing this is to set ComxAutoAssign=0, where x is the number
      of your modem COM port (e.g., Com1AutoAssign=0), in the
      [386Enh] section of your SYSTEM.INI file. (Because the exact
      details will vary from comm app to comm app, the rest of the
      exercise is left to the reader.)
      
      Updated Windows 3.x drivers[392] are available from Microsoft.
      
      Good general resources are Microsoft's: 
      
      "Windows 3.1 and Serial Communications[393]" (also available as
      a downloadable file[394]).
      
      "Windows 3.1 Serial Communications Q & A Part 2[395]"
      
      The Windows Resource Kit[396] is also good, particularly the
      SYSTEM.INI section, which is viewable on the Web: 
      
      Windows 3.1 Resource Kit SYSTEM.INI [386ENH] Section A-L[397]
      
      Windows 3.1 Resource Kit SYSTEM.INI [386ENH] Section M-Z[398]
      
   
   
    Button[399] [Return to top[400]] 
   ___________________________________
   
   
What are "voice" modems?

   
   
    So-called voice modems fall into one (or sometimes more) of
   three categories:
   
      
      
      Modems that can function as an answering machine or voice-mail
      system. Some can also function as a speakerphone.
      
      Modems that can transmit data or voice over the same
      connection. (Radish "VoiceView")
      
      Modems that can transmit data and voice simultaneously over the
      same connection. (DSVD) Note that when voice is active, the
      speed of data transmission drops substantially.
      
   
   
    Modems in the category 1 have been on the market for some time.
   Modems in categories 2 and 3 are just coming onto the market --
   expect a continuing stream of new product announcements.
   
    Note: None of these (current) voice modems permit you to:
   
      
      
      Receive a voice call while your modem is in use. (For that you
      need a second phone line -- these modems cannot deal with Call
      Waiting.)
      
      Talk over the Internet. (For that you need a soundcard, and
      preferably one that is full-duplex, although this would be
      possible with a properly designed combo modem-soundcard
      product.) 
      
   
   
    See "Modems: the make-it-happen machines for the ultimately wired
   of the 90's[401]"
   
    Button[402] [Return to top[403]] 
   ___________________________________
   
   
What is ISDN? [updated 4/9/96]

   
   
    Probably the most likely successor to V.34, ISDN (Integrated
   Services Digital Network) provides up to 2-4 times the speed of
   V.34 over a standard local telephone line by using digital, rather
   than analog, signals. Years in the making, ISDN is finally being
   widely deployed in the U.S. at the time of this writing. To use
   ISDN you will need special, expensive equipment. A problem is
   that ISDN transmissions are typically not compressed; as a
   result, with compressible data the speed of a V.34 modem is often
   comparable to a single ISDN channel. In the opinion of the author,
   V.34 will probably be a cost-effective alternative to ISDN for
   years to come.
   
    Although ISDN is a digital transmission medium, there are some
   ISDN products that will also allow you to connect to conventional
   analog modems (e.g., USR Courier I-modem with ISDN/V.34[404],
   ZyXEL Elite 2864I[405], and ZyXEL Prestige 2864I[406]).
   
    Microsoft has released the "ISDN Accelerator Pack[407]" for
   Windows 95, which enables Windows 95 to make Dial-up Network
   connections over ISDN lines. [new 4/9/96]
   
    ISDN information is available at:
   
      
      
      Ascend[408] Pipeline[409]
      
      Bellcore's National ISDN site[410]
      
      Best Data[411] 
      
      Dan Kegel's ISDN Page[412]
      
      E-TECH[413]
      
      ELSA[414]: 
      
      MicroLink ISDN/PCFpro[415] and MicroLink ISDN/PCC-16[416]
      
      MicroLink ISDN/TLV.34[417] and MicroLink ISDN/TLpro[418]
      
      IBM[419]: 
      
      WaveRunner[420] and WaveRunner PCMCIA[421] (see also "Mwave at
      Watson[422]")
      
      7845 ISDN NT-1 Extended[423]
      
      ISDN*tek Home Page[424] (ISDN products)
      
      Pacific Bell's ISDN User's Guide[425]
      
      PSI InterRamp[426] (large ISDN ISP)
      
      Motorola ISG[427]: 
      
      BitSURFR[428]
      
      BitSURFR Pro[429]
      
      HMTA 200[430]
      
      TA210[431]
      
      UTA220[432]
      
      Surf Communications[433] (ISDN access)
      
      3Com Impact ISDN Digital Modems and Adapters[434]
      
      Usenet comp.dcom.isdn[435] 
      
      USRobotics[436]: 
      
      Sportster ISDN 128K[437]
      
      Courier I-modem with ISDN/V.34[438]
      
      ZyXEL[439]: 
      
      Elite 2864[440]
      
      Elite 2864I[441]
      
      Omni TA 128[442]
      
      Prestige 2864I[443]
      
   
   
    See also:
   
      
      
      "Building The Data High Way[444]" (Byte)
      
      "Modems: the make-it-happen machines for the ultimately wired of
      the 90's[445]" (Motorola)
      
      "Needed: A Digital Weatherman[446]" (PC Magazine) 
      
   
   
    Button[447] [Return to top[448]] 
   ___________________________________
   
   
What are "cable modems?" [updated 6/13/96]

   
   
    So-called "cable modems" are devices which provide computer
   connectivity to and through a cable TV system. Despite a lot of
   hype, the technology is still experimental and the prospects are
   uncertain. One of several major problem is that many cable systems
   are not able to handle large incoming, as opposed to the more
   normal outgoing, bandwidth. Contact your local cable TV company
   for more information. See also:
   
      
      
      @Home Network[449] 
      
      "The Bandwidth Tidal Wave[450]"
      
      "Building The Data High Way[451]" (Byte)
      
      "Cable Modems[452]"
      
      "Cable-modems make the scene[453]"
      
      "Cable Modem Access Moves Up to 30Mbps[454]"
      
      COGECO Cable[455] (Canada) [new 3/29/96]
      
      "Cybercable Is Coming. Who You Gonna Call?[456]"
      
      Intel CablePort (tm) Adapter[457]
      
      "The Internet Comes to Cable[458]" (PC Magazine)
      
      "Jones Intercable Chooses ANS for Internet Trial[459]"
      
      "Killer Cable: HFC the Key Technology for the Next Age[460]"
      [new 6/6/96]
      
      "The Looming Cable Modem Fiasco[461]" (John C. Dvorak) 
      
      Cable Modems: Gold Mine or Fiasco?[462] (response to Dvorak) 
      
      "Making the connection[463]"
      
      Motorola CableComm FAQ[464]
      
      "Needed: A Digital Weatherman[465]" (PC Magazine)
      
      "NetComm and ADC to develop Cable Modem[466]" [new 6/6/96]
      
      "OTV Cablevision[467]"
      
      Rogers WAVE(tm)[468]
      
      "TCI Pumps $125 million into Microsoft Network[469]"
      
      "TW Jumps On High-Speed Info Bandwagon[470]"
      
      "Time Warner starts test of high speed on-line computer
      service[471]"
      
      "A wire is a wire is a wire is a wire[472]"
      
      "Zenith HomeWorks[473]"
      
      "Zenith Introduces Cable TV Modem[474]"
      
      "Zenith, U.S. Robotics Join Forces On Enhanced Cable Modem
      Systems[475]"
      
   
   
    Other "cable modem" resources on the Internet. (Note: This
   author cannot vouch for the accuracy of these resources.)
   
      
      
      Bob's cable modems[476]
      
      Cable Modem Resources on the Web[477]
      
      Internet Access via Cable Modems[478]
      
      Microsoft's Cable '96 website[479] [new 6/13/96]
      
      Sam Churchill's[480]: 
      
      Cable Modem Trials[481]
      
      Interactive Cable Guide[482]
      
   
   
    Button[483] [Return to top[484]] 
   ___________________________________
   
   
What are ADSL, SDSL, and HDSL? [updated 6/13/96]

   
   
    ADSL (asymmetric-digital-subscriber-line), SDSL
   (symmetric-digital-subscriber-line), and HDSL (high-bit-rate,
   digital subscriber line) are new telco technologies that have the
   potential to blow ISDN[485] away. See:
   
      
      
      ADSL[486] (paper)
      
      ADSL[487] (Goldstar)
      
      "ADSL - a concept for high-speed transmission on copper
      lines[488]"
      
      "ADSL Chipset Sends 8 Mbps Down Phone Line[489]" (Analog
      Devices)
      
      "Amati and Motorola announce  ADSL/DMT licensing
      agreement[490]" [new 6/13/96]
      
      "Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line[491]" (Motorola)
      
      "AT&T modem handles TV, 6 Mbit Internet access on copper
      wire[492]"
      
      AT&T Paradyne GlobeSpan Technologies[493]
      
      "AT&T Paradyne unveils powerful multimedia 'modern modem'[494]"
      
      "AT&T Paradyne VideoSpan can put video onto copper
      networks[495]"
      
      "Building The Data High Way[496]" (Byte)
      
      Danny's Top Ten Things You Need To Know About ADSL[497] [new
      6/13/96]
      
      ED TEL begins high-speed Internet access trial using ... ADSL
      products[498] [new 6/13/96]
      
      GTE trial of ADSL[499] [new 6/13/96]
      
      GTE trial of ADSL expands[500] [new 6/13/96]
      
      "Needed: A Digital Weatherman[501]" (PC Magazine)
      
      Pairgain introduces products[502] (press release)
      
      "Standards Debate Flares Over Fast Phone Technology[503]"
      (Interactive Week) [new 6/13/96]
      
      "Tutorial Introduction to DSL Technologies[504]" [new 6/13/96]
      
      US West's successful trial of ADSL/HDSL technologies[505] [new
      6/13/96]
      
      US West to launch commercial ADSL service[506] [new 6/13/96]
      
      "UUNET Canada Trials ADSL[507]" [new 6/13/96]
      
      Westell Announces Plug and Play PC Modem Cards[508] (press
      release) [new 6/13/96]
      
      What is ADSL?[509] (ADSL Forum) [new 6/13/96]
      
   
   
    Other ADSL, SDSL, and HDSL resources on the Internet. (Note:
   This author cannot vouch for the accuracy of these resources.)
   
      
      
      ADSL Forum[510] 
      
      Dan Kegel's ADSL Page[511]
      
      Web Site on xDSL technologies[512] [new 6/13/96] 
      
   
   
    Button[513] [Return to top[514]] 
   ___________________________________
   
   
[continued]




Any Windows 95 tips? What is TAPI? What is Plug and Play? [updated
7/27/96]

   
   
  
                         
  Connecting to the Internet [new 6/13/96]
                         An excellent resource is Microsoft's
                         "Connecting to the Internet with Windows 95
                         Dial-Up Networking[515]."
                         
  Connection Statistics [updated 7/27/96]
                         If you have a USR modem and want to access
                         your ATI6 Link Diagnostics (see "Any other
                         USRobotics tips?[516]") for a dialup TCP/IP
                         session, do the following:
   1. Run "REGEDIT" to launch the Registry Editor.
   2. Find the entry for your modem, which should be something like:
                         
  
                         H
                         K
                         E

Y_LOCAL_MACHINE\System\CurrentControlSet\Services\Class\Modem\0000
                         
   (If you have more than one modem, the number may be 0001, 0002,
                         etc.)
   3. Change the "Reset" value, which will probably be "ATZ<cr>" or
                         "ATZ4<cr>", to
                         "AT&FE1Q0V1S0=0&C1&D2+FCLASS=0<cr>" or
                         "AT&F1E1Q0V1S0=0&C1&D2+FCLASS=0<cr>"
                         respectively.
   4. After disconnecting from a dialup TCP/IP session, open a
                         HyperTerminal direct connection session to
                         your modem, type "ATI6" (no quotes), and
                         press the <Enter> key. (What you type may
                         not be echoed to the screen, but the ATI6
                         output should appear.)
   Note: This is a temporary change for diagnostic purposes -- it is
                         not recommended for regular use.
                         
  Delrina[517] CommSuite for Windows 95 [new 3/1/96]
                         While providing a rich feature set, this
                         product, including WinFax PRO 7.0 and
                         WinComm PRO 7.0, suffered in its first
                         release from excessive memory requirements,
                         poor performance (even on fast systems),
                         modem compatibility problems (particularly
                         with USRobotics modems), and bugs. The
                         WinFax 7.0 Maintenance Updates[518] correct
                         many (although not all) of those problems --
                         be sure to get it.
                         
  Dial-Up SLIP and Scripting Support[519] [new 4/11/96]
                         Adds SLIP and scripting capabilities to the
                         basic PPP support in Windows 95 Dial-Up
                         Networking. Part of the Windows 95 on CD-ROM
                         Extras[520].
                         
  Freeware/Shareware for Dial-Up Networking [new 4/11/96]
                         Dunce[521]: Dial-Up Networking Connection
                         Enhancement
   Keep Going[522]: skips the dial-up Connect dialog box.
   RoboDUN[523]: alternative to Microsoft scripting[524].
   RASPlus[525]: "Hands free" Internet connection.
   RTVReco[526]: automatically re-establish dropped connections.
                         
  HyperTerminal PE[527]
                         HyperTerminal Personal Edition, an upgrade to
                         Windows 95 HyperTerminal that provides
                         improvements (auto-redial on busy and
                         ZMODEM[528] Crash Recovery) as well as bug
                         fixes, is available from Hilgraeve at no
                         charge.
                         
  Installling your modem "driver" [new 7/27/96]
                         It is very important to use the correct and
                         latest INF file for your modem -- "Standard
                         modem" may well cause problems. To change or
                         install a new INF file:
   * Obtain the correct and latest INF file for your modem from the
                         modem manufacturer (see "Modem Companies on
                         the Internet[529]"). Copy it to your
                         \WINDOWS\INF directory (which is hidden, but
                         definitely there).
   * Delete the files DRVIDX.BIN and DRVDATA.BIN from your
                         \WINDOWS\INF directory. (You do not need to
                         back them up, because they will be recreated
                         automatically.)
   * Open Settings | Control Panel | Modems.
   * Remove your modem.
   * Restart Windows 95. During the restart, it should detect your
                         modem automatically and install the driver.
                         If it does, you're done; if not, continue
   * Open Settings | Control Panel | Modems.
   * Click Add, and run through the automatic process. If it still
                         does not find your modem, select if from the
                         list of modems manually. Be sure that you
                         know the manufacturer and correct, exact
                         model of your modem.
                         
  Internet Explorer[530] [updated 4/11/96]
                         Download the latest version of Microsoft's
                         World Wide Web browser. Note: Installing
                         Internet Explorer will give you auto-dial
                         support for Windows 95 Dial-Up Networking
                         with all 32-bit (but not 16-bit) Winsock
                         applications. You can then uninstall
                         Internet Explorer without losing auto-dial
                         support if you prefer another browser (which
                         you should reinstall after uninstalling
                         Internet Explorer).
                         
  ISDN Accelerator Pack[531] [new 4/9/96]
                         Enables Windows 95 to make Dial-up Network
                         connections over ISDN lines.
                         
  Kernel Update[532] [new 4/24/96]
                         Solves WinSock memory leak problem. Not
                         included in Service Pack 1 (below). Highly
                         recommended. There have been a few reports
                         of serious problems installing and/or running
                         the kernel update, so be sure to back up
                         your system before installing it (as you
                         should with any system update).
                         
  Logs [updated 6/13/96]
                         Windows 95 can record log files that can be
                         helpful in diagnosing problems:
   * Modem Log: Settings | Control Panel | Modems | [select modem] |
                         Properties | Connection | Advanced | Record
                         a log file (look for the file as
                         \WINDOWS\MODEMLOG.TXT). See "How to Create
                         and Use the Modemlog.txt File[533]."
   * Dial-Up Network Log: Settings | Control Panel | Network |
                         Dial-Up Adapter | Properties | Advanced |
                         Record a Log File | Yes (look for the file
                         as \WINDOWS\PPPLOG.TXT). See "How to Create a
                         Ppplog.txt File[534]."
   Note: Be sure to remember to turn the log files off when you are
                         through with them, so that they do not keep
                         growing indefinitely.
                         
  Microsoft AnswerStation[535] [new 6/13/96]
                         Put your VoiceView modem (see "What are
                         "voice" modems?[536]") to work!
                         
  Plug and Play[537]    Windows 95 supports "Plug and Play," a
                         standard that makes it possible for the
                         operating system to automatically detect and
                         configure most peripheral devices. Plug and
                         Play modems are available from
                         USRobotics[538], Diamond/Supra[539], and
                         other manufacturers[540].
                         
  Service Pack 1[541] [new 4/11/96]
                         Various fixes and improvements have been
                         collected by Microsoft into the first
                         Service Pack. Highly recommended.
                         
  Support[542] [new 6/13/96]
                         Microsoft support on the Internet.
                         
  System Monitor [updated 6/13/96]
                         The System Monitor accessory that comes with
                         Windows 95 has a wealth of hidden features,
                         among them the ability to measure Dial-Up
                         Networking performance in real time. Choose
                         Edit | Add Item | Microsoft Network Client
                         to see the options available. If you have
                         problems, see "System Monitor Does Not
                         Display Modem Statistics[543]."
                         
  TAPI[544]             TAPI (Telephony Application Programming
                         Interface) is an architecture being
                         developed by Microsoft to bring order out of
                         the past chaos in comm software and modem
                         interaction. "TAPI compliant" applications
                         rely on new standard Windows services
                         (provided by the Unimodem driver/provider)
                         rather than controlling the modem directly,
                         which makes it possible for multiple comm
                         applications to share the same modem. With a
                         proper modem INF file and a sufficiently
                         capable modem, separate data, fax, and voice
                         applications could be "registered" with TAPI
                         (once Microsoft's implementation is
                         complete) such that an incoming call is
                         automatically connected to the right
                         application. (See "How can I use a single
                         phone for fax/data/voice?[545]") TAPI is
                         being developed first for Windows 95, with
                         Windows NT to follow. TAPI resources for
                         developers[546] are available on the
                         Internet. [updated 4/24/96]
                         
  Telephony Location Selector[547] [new 4/11/96]
                         For mobile users, provides an easy way to
                         change your location for telephony
                         applications (e.g., Windows 95 Dial-Up
                         Networking). Part of the Microsoft Power
                         Toys[548].
                         
  Unimodem V[549]       "Unimodem V is Microsoft's newest release of
                         Unimodem, the Windows universal modem
                         driver/telephony service provider for
                         data/fax modems. Unimodem V provides the
                         driver support that sits between telephony
                         applications and voice modems and allows
                         them to work together. This driver adds the
                         most-requested features to support
                         data/fax/voice modems, including wave
                         playback and record to/from the phone line,
                         wave playback and record to/from the
                         handset, and support for speakerphone, Caller
                         ID, distinctive ringing, and call
                         forwarding." [Quote from Microsoft] Unimodem
                         is TAPI-complaint. At initial release,
                         Unimodem V supports the following modems:
   Aztech[550] Systems
   Cirrus Logic[551]
   Compaq[552] Presario[553] models 520, 720, 820, and 920
   Compaq[554] Presario[555] wave driver and wrapper
   Creative Labs[556] Phone Blaster[557]
   Diamond Multimedia[558] TeleCommander 2500[559]
   Logicode[560] 14.4 data/fax/voice PCMCIA[561]
   Rockwell[562] PCMCIA reference design
                         
  Updated Drivers[563] [updated 4/9/96]
                         Audio[564]
   CD-ROM[565]
   Display[566]
   IrDA (Infrared Driver)[567]
   ISDN Accelerator Pack[568]
   Modem (Microsoft)[569]
   Mouse[570]
   Network[571]
   Other[572]
   Pointer[573]
   Printers[574]
   Storage[575]
   Unimodem V[576]
   UPS[577]
                         
   
   
    Button[578] [Return to top[579]] 
   ___________________________________
   
   
Any other sources of related information? [updated 6/6/96]

   
   
      
      
      American National Standards Institute[580] (ANSI)
      
      Committee T1 Telecommunications[581]
      
      Communications Week[582] (magazine)
      
      comp.dcom.fax FAQ[583] (Frequently Asked Questions about Fax)
      
      DataComm-US[584] 
      
      Electronic Engineering Times[585] (magazine)
      
      Federal Communications Commission[586] (FCC)
      
      Glossary of Telecommunication Terms[587] (FS-1037C)
      
      IEEE Communications Society[588]
      
      IEEE Standards[589] 
      
      Information Infrastructure Task Force[590] (IITF)
      
      Institute for Global Communications (IGC)[591]
       Modems and Data Communications[592] [new 6/6/96]
      
      International Communications Industries Association[593]
      (ICIA)
      
      International Organization for Standardization[594] (ISO)
      
      International Telecommunication Union[595] (ITU, home of the
      V.nn standards)
      
      National Telecommunications and Information Administration[596]
      (NTIA, part of U.S. Department of Commerce)
      
      Rationale for ANSI/EIA/TIA TSB 38[597]
      
      Telecom Information Resources[598]
      
      Telecommunications legislation[599]
      
      Yahoo[600]: [new 6/6/96] 
      
      Modems[601]
      
      Networking[602]
      
      Telecommunications[603]
      
   
   
    Button[604] [Return to top[605]] 
   ___________________________________
   
   
Where can I get more help? [new 5/20/96]

   
   
    Newsgroups can be excellent resources. You can often find
   answers to questions you didn't even know you had. If you don't
   find what you are looking for, you can post your own questions,
   and usually get answers within a day or two, sometimes within
   hours. Just remember that a good deal of nonsense also gets posted
   to Usenet.
   
    NOTE: It is very important to "learn the ropes" before posting
   to newsgroups. Resources to help you do this include:
   
      
      
      Welcome to Usenet![606]
      
      Answers to Frequently Asked Questions about Usenet[607]
      
      Rules for posting to Usenet[608]
      
      How to find the right place to post[609]
      
      A Primer on How to Work With the Usenet Community[610]
      
      Emily Postnews Answers Your Questions on Netiquette[611]
      
      10 Big Myths about copyright explained[612]
      
      Advertising on Usenet: How To Do It, How Not To Do It[613]
      
      Usenet: 
      
      news.announce.newusers[614]
      
      news.answers[615] 
      
   
   
    The modem-related newsgroup resources include:
   
  USENET
  
   
   
  
                         
  comp.dcom.fax[616]    Unmoderated discussion of fax modem-related
                         issues (not conventional fax machines).
                         
  comp.dcom.isdn[617]   Unmoderated discussion of ISDN. (See "What is
                         ISDN?[618]")
                         
  comp.dcom.modems[619]
                         Unmoderated discussion of data modem-related
                         issues.
                         
  comp.os.ms-windows.apps.comm[620]
                         Unmoderated discussion of Microsoft Windows
                         communications applications
                         
  comp.os.os2.comm[621]
                         Unmoderated discussion of IBM OS/2
                         communications-related issues
                         
  comp.sys.mac.comm[622]
                         Unmoderated discussion of Apple Macintosh
                         communications-related issues
                         
  comp.sys.ibm.pc.hardware.comm[623]
                         Unmoderated discussion of communications
                         hardware (e.g., serial ports) for
                         PC-compatible computers 
                         
   
   
  MICROSOFT
  
   
   
  
                         
  microsoft.public.win95.commtelephony[624]
                         Unmoderated discussion of communications over
                         telephone lines (e.g., data/fax/voice
                         modems, ISDN) under Windows 95
                         
  microsoft.public.win95.dialupnetworking[625]
                         Unmoderated discussion of Dial-Up Networking
                         (DUN) under Windows 95 
                         
   
   
    Button[626] [Return to top[627]] 
   ___________________________________
   
   
How can I connect my modem to a digital phone system?

   
   
    Your modem won't work on the kind of digital phone that you
   typically find in businesses and hotel rooms, and it can be hard
   to find a standard phone jack when you need one. There are a
   number of devices on the market to solve the problem. Typically
   you have to disconnect the handset from a digital phone, plug the
   handset into the device, and then plug the device into the handset
   jack on the phone. Then you connect your modem to the device with
   a standard phone cord.
   
    The author gives a qualified recommendation to the Konexx[628]
   Konnector Model 111[629]. The product can be powered by a 9v
   battery or from an AC power adapter, both of which are included.
   The biggest weakness of the Konnector Model 111 is that, like
   other similar products, you have to experiment with a
   non-intuitive 4-position switch.
   
    Button[630] [Return to top[631]] 
   ___________________________________
   
   
What modem initialization string should I use?

   
   
    The best source for modem initialization strings is the
   documentation that came with your modem, or other information
   provided by your modem manufacturer. Many comm apps are another
   good source because they come with recommended initialization
   strings.
   
    Button[632] [Return to top[633]] 
   ___________________________________
   
   
Where can I get information on my Rockwell-based modem? [updated
4/11/96]

   
   
    The best source for information is of course the modem
   manufacturer[634].
    Generic information is available from Rockwell
   International[635].
   
  "RPI" (ROCKWELL PROTOCOL INTERFACE)
  
   
   
    The author advises against the purchase of any RPI modem. RPI
   uses your system processor, rather than a processor in the modem,
   to implement protocols. This requires special software support,
   which may well not be available for your favorite comm app.
   
      
      
      Rockwell propaganda: 
      
      The RPI FAQ[636]
      
      V.42bis and MNP5 for Less Using RPI[637]
      
      Rockwell's generic WINRPI drivers[638] for Windows 3.x and
      Windows 95. [updated 4/11/96]
      
      List of comm apps that support RPI[639]
      
   
   
    Button[640] [Return to top[641]] 
   ___________________________________
   
   
What about magazine reviews?

   
   
    Take magazine modem reviews with a grain of salt -- few if any
   magazines perform the kind of thorough interoperability and
   real-world tests that are needed to properly compare modems.
   
    Note that the apparently diverse computer magazine publishing
   field is actually dominated by a relatively small number of
   publishers, particularly Ziff Davis[642]. Reviews from different
   magazines owned by the same publisher tend to have a shared
   editorial bias, if for no other reason than that testing is often
   done by a shared facility (e.g., ZD Labs[643]). The publisher is
   noted in parentheses:
   
      
      
      BYTE Magazine[644] (McGraw-Hill[645]) 
      
      July 1994[646]
      
      June 1995[647]
      
      c|net[648] 
      
      January 1996[649]
      
      Computer Life[650] (Ziff Davis[651]) 
      
      October 1995[652]
      
      Computer Shopper[653] (Ziff Davis[654]) 
      
      May 1995[655]
      
      December 1995 Modem Shopper's Guide[656]
      
      MacUser[657] (Ziff Davis[658]) 
      
      1995 Product Index: Modems[659]
      
      Network Computing[660] (CMP[661]) 
      
      June 1995[662]
      
      PC Magazine[663] (Ziff Davis[664]) 
      
      October 1995[665]
      
      PC World[666] (IDG[667]) 
      
      Top 10 Modems (November 1995) 
      
      Windows Magazine[668] (CMP[669]) 
      
      August 1995[670]
      
   
   
    Button[671] [Return to top[672]] 
   ___________________________________
   
   
Which 28800 modem should I buy? [updated 6/13/96]

   
   
    In the opinion of the author, 28800 modems are still too
   immature to shop on price alone because there are still
   performance and interoperability problems. (To avoid
   interoperability problems you may want to purchase the same brand
   as the modem you will be most frequently calling.)
   
    Take magazine modem reviews with a grain of salt -- few if any
   magazines perform the kind of thorough interoperability and
   real-world tests that are needed to properly compare modems. (See
   "What about magazine reviews?[673]")
   
    Furthermore, like software, modem preferences are a highly
   personal matter -- a terrific modem for one person may be a dog
   for another person, and vice versa. That noted, the personal
   assessment of the author is as follows:
   
    MEDIUM-HIGH END 
   
  
                         
  USRobotics Courier V.Everything[674]
                         In the opinion of the author, this is quite
                         simply the best reasonably-priced modem
                         available. It's a particularly good choice
                         if you have poor phone lines, if you have to
                         make difficult connections, or if you have
                         to connect to a wide range of modems. A
                         strength that the Courier shares with the
                         Sportster is that its DSP code is stored
                         with its firmware (in Flash in the Courier,
                         ROM in the Sportster), so that it can be
                         easily updated (unlike most modems, which
                         have fixed "datapumps"). A firmware
                         update[675] (7/5/95 or later for USA modems)
                         that supports Selective Reject[676] and
                         draft V.34 speeds up to 33.6 Kbps is now
                         available. The Courier is a good choice for
                         a small BBS, and USR has an attractive SYSOP
                         program. Otherwise the best way to get a good
                         deal may be to find a cheap used 9600 bps or
                         above Courier and take advantage of the USR
                         upgrade program[677].
                         
  Motorola[678] [updated 6/13/96]
                         An excellent company with ISO 9001[679]
                         registration and a reputation for excellent
                         products. Not evaluated by the author:
   * 326XFAST[680]: V.34 modems designed for networking.
   * V.3400[681]: A reputation as an excellent, if pricey, modem.
                         Does not support V.FC.
   * V.34R[682]: Similar to the V.3400, but without the LCD display.
   * Premier 33.6[683]: Positioned to compete with the USR Courier.
                         Firmware in Flash. Claimed maximum
                         compression is 8:1. Does not support V.FC
                         and only supports Class 1 fax.
                         
  Microcom[684]         A reputation for very good modems. Not
                         evaluated by the author.
                         
  Penril[685]           A reputation for excellent, if pricey,
                         modems. Not evaluated by the author.
                         
  Telebit[686]          A reputation for excellent, if pricey,
                         modems. Not evaluated by the author. Does
                         not support V.FC.
                         
  Zyxel[687]            The Elite 2864[688] is feature rich
                         (although it does not support V.FC), Flash
                         upgradable, and has the added advantage of
                         being user-upgradable to ISDN (Elite 2864I).
                         However, in the author's tests it does not
                         yet measure up to other modems in connection
                         speed and reliability.
                         
  AT&T Paradyne[689]    A reputation for excellent, if pricey,
                         modems. Not evaluated by the author. Does
                         not support V.FC. Supports a proprietary
                         V.34 extension for speeds up to 33.6 Kbps.
                         (Note: Paradyne is reportedly up for sale,
                         so its future is uncertain -- see "AT&T Seeks
                         Buyer For Paradyne[690]" and "PC Magazine
                         Newswatch for Thursday, October 19,
                         1995[691]")
                         
   
   
    CONSUMER GRADE 
   
  
                         
  Motorola[692] [updated 6/13/96]
                         An excellent company with ISO 9001[693]
                         registration and a reputation for excellent
                         products. Reports on the PowerClass[694]
                         and Lifestyle[695] modems (distinguished
                         from each other only by features) are mostly
                         positive. However, there have been reports of
                         a few problems (e.g., Motorola's Customer
                         Note of July 27, 1995[696], which Motorola
                         is to be commended for publishing).
                         Limitations include a maximum speed of 28.8
                         Kbps, no V.FC, and no Class 2 or 2.0 fax.
   Newer models include:
   * VoiceSURFR[697]: V.34 28.8 internal modem with data, fax
                         (Classes 1 & 2), voice and full-duplex
                         speakerphone.
   * ModemSURFR[698]: V.34 28.8 internal/external modem with data
                         and fax (Classes 1 & 2).
   * OnlineSURFR[699]: ModemSURFR with bundled Internet software.
                         
  USRobotics Sportster 28800/33600[700] [updated 4/27/96]
                         The popularly-priced Sportster 28800/33600
                         uses the same DSP as the Courier
                         V.Everything and is a very good modem. (See
                         "SHOOTOUT: Sportster vs. Courier[701]") A
                         strength of the Sportster is that it supports
                         several optional V.34 features (notably
                         split speed[702]) that are not supported by
                         some other popularly-priced modems. Be sure
                         to get firmware dated 4/18/95 or later for
                         USA modems; if necessary, call USR
                         (847/982-5151) to get an upgrade. Certain
                         28800 Sportster models can be inexpensively
                         upgraded to 33600 (including Selective
                         Reject[703]).
   * The "Vi[704]" model includes voicemail capabilities. It is
                         otherwise the same as the standard model.
   * The "Voice[705]" model includes voicemail and speakerphone
                         capabilities. It is otherwise the same as
                         the standard model.
   * The "DSVD[706]" model includes Flash (like the Courier
                         V.Everything) and DSVD (simultaneous voice
                         and data over the same connection)
                         capabilities.
   * Warning: The Sportster "WinModem[707]" is a proprietary design
                         that requires special USR drivers that work
                         only under Microsoft Windows. Make sure that
                         you are willing to live with the attendant
                         risks and inherent limitations before
                         purchasing any proprietary product. [new
                         3/29/96]
   * Warning: The Sportster Si is essentially a Rockwell "Glue 'n
                         Go" clone (see below); worse, it uses
                         software (RPI[708]) rather than hardware
                         protocols. The author advises against the
                         purchase of any RPI modem. (See Where can I
                         get information on my Rockwell-based
                         modem?[709])
   * Warning: USR has indiscriminately slapped the "Sportster" name
                         on so many different products that the author
                         no longer feels it is a reliable product
                         guide. For example, recent "Sportster 28800"
                         modems have considerably different S-register
                         settings as compared to the original
                         "Sportster 28800" product. This invalidates
                         a good deal of advice, including some of the
                         material in this FAQ. 
                         
  Diamond/Supra[710] [updated 6/6/96]
                         In the opinion of the author, Diamond/Supra
                         is the probably the best bet among the
                         Rockwell chipset-based modems, particularly
                         now that it has released firmware that
                         supports split speeds[711]. All 28800
                         Diamond/Supra modems can be upgraded to
                         33600[712].
                         
  Multi-Tech[713]       Although high-end Multi-Tech modems have a
                         good reputation, the author cannot recommend
                         the popularly-priced MT2834ZDX. In the
                         author's head-to-head real-world tests
                         against the USR Sportster 28800, the
                         MT2834ZDX was consistently one step slower,
                         worse on difficult connections; in addition,
                         operational idiosyncrasies caused problems
                         with certain comm apps (e.g., HyperACCESS
                         for Windows).
                         
  Hayes[714]            Although Hayes has made excellent modems in
                         the past, of late it has been slipping, and
                         its 28800 products have exhibited
                         interoperability problems. Because Hayes
                         (inc. PPI) has now emerged from Chapter 11
                         (Bankruptcy) protection, the author no longer
                         recommends against the purchase of Hayes
                         products, but still advises caution for at
                         least the next few months.
                         
  Practical Peripherals Inc.[715] (PPI)
                         PPI is owned by and has been folded into
                         Hayes. The same general comments apply.
                         
  Zyxel[716]            The Omni 288S[717] is the consumer grade
                         version of the Elite 2864[718]. Not
                         evaluated by the author.
                         
  AT&T[719]             AT&T has bailed out of consumer modems[720].
                         Although good liquidation deals may be found,
                         support could be a problem. Also be warned
                         that there were two completely different
                         AT&T consumer modem lines with similar names.
                         The Dataport was based on AT&T's own modem
                         technology; the low-cost Dataport Express
                         was essentially a Rockwell "Glue 'n Go"
                         clone (see below).
                         
  "Glue 'n Go" clones   In the opinion of the author, companies that
                         simply slap a modem chipset on a board are
                         currently a poor bet given the immaturity of
                         28800 products. (The author puts Best
                         Data[721], Boca[722], GVC, and Zoom[723] in
                         this category.) Many do not support optional
                         V.34 features such as split speeds[724]. 
                         
   
   
    Other modem companies on the Internet include:
   
      
      
      Creative Labs[725] 
      
      IBM[726]
      
   
   
    Whatever modem you decide to purchase, the author strongly
   recommends that you get a return privilege from the dealer (in
   case you run into problems). 
   
    Note: No consumer grade modem should be used for a large BBS or
   an Internet service provider. In the long run the savings in
   maintenance and support costs with rack mount modems more than
   offsets their higher initial purchase price. The author recommends
   the USRobotics Total Control[727] system.
   
    Button[728] [Return to top[729]] 
   ___________________________________
   
   
[continued]




Where can I get a good deal on a modem?

   
   
    In the opinion of the author, 28800 modems are still too
   immature to shop on price alone. If you run into (all too common)
   performance or interoperability problems, the best way to deal
   with them may be to return the modem and try a different brand,
   which may not be possible with a low price source.
   
    The author recommends WH Networks Communications[730].
   
    Other sources on the Internet include:
   
      
      
      Computer Express[731]
      
      PC Catalog[732] 
      
      Sparco Communications[733].
      
   
   
    One of the best mail-order sources is Computability[734]
   (800/554-9950 or 414/357-8181).
   
    Please note that the author has no connection to any of the
   sources listed here.
   
    Button[735] [Return to top[736]] 
   ___________________________________
   
   
    Trademarks belong to their owners. 

*** References from this document ***
[orig] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html
[1] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/
[2] mailto:info@NavasGrp.Dublin.CA.US
[3] http://www.cardtech.com/news/upgrade336.html
[4] http://www.supra.com/336Upgrade/index.html
[5] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#Windows95KernelUpdate
[6] http://www.pcweek.com/news/0415/17ehayes.html
[7] http://www.pcweek.com/news/0415/17eform.html
[8] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#FaxDataVoice
[9] http://www.datastorm.com/announcement.html
[10] ftp://ftp.hayes.com/pub/esp/espwin95.exe
[11] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#Windows95
[12] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#Windows95
[13] http://www.penril.com/
[14] http://www.mot.com/MIMS/ISG/PressAnnouncements/103095-1.html
[15] mailto:support@usr.com
[16] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#Consumer
[17] http://www.pcweek.com/news/1002/oatt.html
[18] http://www.diamondmm.com/press-releases/suprarelease.html
[19] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#WindowsLockup
[20] http://www.zyxel.com/
[21] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#HighEnd
[22] http://www.mot.com/MIMS/ISG/Products/28.8_note.html
[23] mailto:agora@info.lanic.utexas.edu
[24] mailto:agora@dna.affrc.go.jp
[25] http://www.ebay.com/web-mail/
[26] mailto:web-mail@ebay.com
[27] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#MoreHelp
[28] mailto:JNavas@NavasGrp.Dublin.CA.US
[29] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#Connect28800
[30] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#Standards
[31] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#SplitSpeed
[32] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#SREJ
[33] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#UART16550
[34] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#Source16550
[35] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#CRCErrors
[36] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#NO_DIAL_TONE
[37] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#SLIP_PPP
[38] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#TrumpetTips
[39] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#VideoDrivers
[40] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#DiskSCSI
[41] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#BufferSize
[42] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#Retraining
[43] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#FallBackForward
[44] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#BPS19200
[45] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#ThirdPartyDrivers
[46] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#WFLISTEN
[47] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#MODEMSTA
[48] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#WindowsLockup
[49] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#BackOnline
[50] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#BestWindowsComm
[51] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#ProblemsConnecting
[52] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#Disconnections
[53] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#FallingSpeed
[54] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#SolarisBug
[55] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#DistinctiveRing
[56] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#FaxDataVoice
[57] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#CallerID
[58] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#CallWaiting
[59] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#LineProtector
[60] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#FaxBetter
[61] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#AdaptiveAnswer
[62] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#USRTips
[63] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#WindowsTips
[64] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#Voice
[65] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#ISDN
[66] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#CableModems
[67] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#SDSL_ADSL_HDSL
[68] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#Windows95
[69] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#RelatedInfo
[70] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#MoreHelp
[71] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#DigitalPhone
[72] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#InitializationStrings
[73] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#RockwellInfo
[74] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#MagazineReviews
[75] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#BestModem
[76] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#ModemDeal
[77] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/manfs.html
[78] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/manfs.html
[79] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/
[80] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/
[81] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#BPS19200
[82] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#Top
[83] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#Top
[84] http://www.nb.rockwell.com/
[85] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#SplitSpeed
[86]
gopher://kupe.itu.ch/11/.1/itudoc/public/gophermenus/.1/.gs/.press-re/.1994/.23897
[87] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#SplitSpeed
[88] http://www.mot.com/MIMS/ISG/
[89] http://www.supra.com/
[90] http://www.usr.com/
[91] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#Voice
[92] http://www.intel.com/ial/plugplay/
[93] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#Windows95
[94] http://alumni.caltech.edu/~dank/isdn/isdn_ai.html#WHAT
[95] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#ISDN
[96] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#CableModems
[97] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#SDSL_ADSL_HDSL
[98] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#UART16550
[99] http://www.teleport.com/~usb/
[100] http://www.intel.com/design/usb/tour/
[101] http://www.mot.com/MIMS/ISG/Papers/Modems_WhitePaper/E3_WhitePaper.html
[102] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#Top
[103] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#Top
[104] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#Top
[105] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#Top
[106] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#Top
[107] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#Top
[108] http://www.teleport.com/~usb/
[109] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#CRCErrors
[110] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#ThirdPartyDrivers
[111] http://www.nsc.com/
[112] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#WindowsLockup
[113] http://www.microsoft.com/kb/softlib/mslfiles/WW0440.EXE
[114] http://www.teleport.com/~usb/
[115] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#Top
[116] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#Top
[117] http://www.whnet.com/
[118] http://www.rawspace.net/byterunner/
[119] http://www.quickpath.com/
[120] http://www.smc.com/
[121] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#WindowsLockup
[122] http://www.ve7tcp.ampr.org/Software/ct/ct-4port.html
[123] http://www.ve7tcp.ampr.org/
[124] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#Top
[125] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#Top
[126] http://psg.com/~caf/zmodem.html
[127] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#UART16550
[128] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#WindowsLockup
[129] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#VideoDrivers
[130] http://www.s3.com/
[131] http://www.s3.com/support/enduser/
[132] http://www.matrox.com/
[133] ftp://ftp.matrox.com/pub/mga/
[134] http://www.microsoft.com/Support/KBSL/PEROPSYS/windows/Q85580.htm
[135] http://www.microsoft.com/Support/KBSL/PEROPSYS/windows/Q107645.htm
[136] http://www.datastorm.com/
[137] http://www.microsoft.com/Support/KBSL/PEROPSYS/windows/Q119579.htm
[138] http://www.microsoft.com/kb/softlib/mslfiles/SPEAK.EXE
[139] http://psg.com/~caf/zmodem.html
[140] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/latency.html
[141] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#ThirdPartyDrivers
[142] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#UART16550
[143] ftp://ftp.delrina.com/pub/patches/windows/winfaxpro30/wfxcom.exe
[144] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#Top
[145] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#Top
[146] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#Top
[147] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#Top
[148] ftp://ds.internic.net/rfc/rfc879.txt
[149] http://marketplace.com:70/0/tia/tia.faqs/tia.single.instruct
[150] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#TrumpetTips
[151] http://www.webcom.com/~llarrow/trouble.html
[152] http://www.morningstar.com/MorningStar/slip-ppp-compare.html
[153] http://www.morningstar.com/MorningStar/ppp-talk/subsubsection3.1.2.3.html
[154] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#TrumpetTips
[155] news:alt.winsock.trumpet
[156] http://www.coast.net/SimTel/SimTel/win3/winsock/twsk20b.zip
[157] http://www.coast.net/SimTel/SimTel/win3/winsock/twsk21f.zip
[158] http://psg.com/~caf/zmodem.html
[159] http://www.pegasus.usa.com/
[160] news:bit.listserv.pmail
[161] http://www.mcom.com/
[162] http://www.adobe.com/acrobat/
[163] http://quicktime.apple.com/
[164] http://www.realaudio.com/
[165] http://world.std.com/~mmedia/lviewp.html
[166] http://www.winzip.com/winzip/
[167] http://www.forteinc.com/forte/
[168] http://www.csra.net/junodj/
[169] http://www.lysator.liu.se/~zander/ewan.html
[170] http://www.csra.net/junodj/
[171] http://www.coast.net/SimTel/SimTel/win3/winsock/wsfngr15.zip
[172] http://tucows.phx.cox.com/files/nslookup.zip
[173] gopher://ftp.cica.indiana.edu/55/pc/win3/winsock/tardis2a.zip
[174] http://www.microsoft.com/msoffice/freestuf/msword/download/ia/default.htm
[175] http://www.winternet.com/~jasc/
[176] http://world.std.com/~mmedia/lviewp.html
[177] ftp://ftp.xmission.com/pub/users/a/adm/software/cool151.zip
[178] http://cwsapps.fibr.net/
[179] ftp://papa.indstate.edu/winsock-l/
[180] http://www.tucows.com/tindex.html
[181] news:alt.winsock
[182] http://marketplace.com/tia/tiahome.html
[183] http://www.webcom.com/~llarrow/tiarefg.html
[184] news:alt.dcom.slip-emulators
[185] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#Top
[186] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#Top
[187] http://www.coast.net/SimTel/SimTel/win3/winsock/twsk20b.zip
[188] http://www.coast.net/SimTel/SimTel/win3/winsock/twsk21f.zip
[189] http://psg.com/~caf/zmodem.html
[190] ftp://papa.indstate.edu/winsock-l/winsock/tcpmeter.exe
[191] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#WindowsTips
[192] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#Top
[193] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#Top
[194] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#CRCErrors
[195] http://www.ast.com/americas/files.htm
[196] http://www.atitech.ca/drivers/drivers.html
[197] http://www.bocaresearch.com/support/ftpmain.htm
[198] ftp://ftp.cirrus.com/pub/support/desktop/
[199] http://www.compaq.com/support/files/drvVideo.html
[200] http://wincgi.us.dell.com/filelib/10e2.htm
[201] ftp://ftp.diamondmm.com/pub/display/
[202]
http://www.microsoft.com/kb/softlib/bldqpage.idc?ProductPage=q_vid3x&ProductTitle=Windows+3.x+Display+Drivers
[203] http://www.microsoft.com/windows/software/drivers/display.htm
[204]
http://www.microsoft.com/isapi/support/bldqpage.idc?ProductPage=q_vidnt&ProductTitle=Windows+NT+Display+Drivers
[205] http://www.s3.com/support/enduser/
[206] http://www.pc.digital.com/~ftp/
[207] http://www.gw2k.com/ftp/14.htm
[208] http://www.genoasys.com/
[209] http://www.hercules.com/support/drivers.htm
[210] ftp://ftp.hp.com/html/486_pent.html#video
[211] http://www.ibm.com/
[212] http://os2.ibm.be/bbs/
[213] http://os2.ibm.be/bbs/19/index.html
[214] ftp://ftp.matrox.com/pub/mga/
[215] http://www.microsoft.com/
[216]
http://www.microsoft.com/kb/softlib/bldqpage.idc?ProductPage=q_vid3x&ProductTitle=Windows+3.x+Display+Drivers
[217] http://www.microsoft.com/windows/software/drivers/display.htm
[218]
http://www.microsoft.com/isapi/support/bldqpage.idc?ProductPage=q_vidnt&ProductTitle=Windows+NT+Display+Drivers
[219] ftp://ftp.nine.com/pub/
[220] http://www.packardbell.com/gfx/support/ftp/00index.html
[221] http://www.s3.com/support/enduser/
[222] http://www.stb.com/ftp_files/
[223] http://www.trid.com/trident/drivers/drivers.htm
[224] http://www.tseng.com/sftlst2.htm
[225] http://www.viewsonic.com/CS.ind/FILEMENU.HTM
[226] http://www.wdc.com/support/ftp/
[227] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#Top
[228] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#Top
[229] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#CRCErrors
[230]
http://www.yahoo.com/Business_and_Economy/Companies/Computers/Peripherals/Storage/
[231] http://www.iomega.com/support/software/index.html
[232] http://www.maxtor.com/bbsindex.html
[233] http://www.seagate.com/techsuppt/win32drv.html
[234] ftp://ftp.syquest.com/pub/drivers/
[235] http://www.wdc.com/support/ftp/
[236] http://www.ibm.com/
[237] http://os2.ibm.be/bbs/
[238] http://os2.ibm.be/bbs/6A/index.html
[239] http://os2.ibm.be/bbs/20/index.html
[240]
http://www.yahoo.com/Business_and_Economy/Companies/Computers/Peripherals/Storage/Controller_Cards/
[241] ftp://ftp.buslogic.com/
[242] http://www.promise.com/techsupp.htm
[243] http://www.tekram.com/drivers/
[244] http://www.microsoft.com/
[245] http://www.microsoft.com/windows/software/drivers/storage.htm
[246]
http://www.microsoft.com/isapi/support/bldqpage.idc?ProductPage=q_scsint&ProductTitle=Windows+NT+SCSI+Drivers
[247]
http://www.yahoo.com/Business_and_Economy/Companies/Computers/Peripherals/Storage/Controller_Cards/
[248] http://www.adaptec.com/techsupp/
[249] ftp://ftp.buslogic.com/
[250] http://www.promise.com/techsupp.htm
[251] http://qlogic.qlc.com/QLogic-bbs/
[252] http://www.tekram.com/drivers/
[253] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#Top
[254] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#Top
[255] http://psg.com/~caf/zmodem.html
[256] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#Top
[257] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#Top
[258] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#Top
[259] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#Top
[260] http://www.microsoft.com/Support/KBSL/PEROPSYS/windows/Q114574.htm
[261] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#Top
[262] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#Top
[263] http://www.microsoft.com/Support/KBSL/PEROPSYS/windows/Q119579.htm
[264] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#BufferSize
[265] http://www.microsoft.com/Support/KBSL/DEVELOPR/win_dk/Q108928.htm
[266] http://psg.com/~caf/zmodem.html
[267] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/latency.html
[268] http://www.coast.net/SimTel/SimTel/win3/commprog/cybercom.zip
[269] ftp://ftp.delrina.com/pub/patches/windows/winfaxpro30/wfxcom.exe
[270] http://www.delrina.com/
[271] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#WindowsTips
[272] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#Top
[273] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#Top
[274] ftp://ftp.iafrica.com/pub/user_contributed/msdos/wflisten.zip
[275] ftp://ftp.iafrica.com/pub/user_contributed/msdos/wfstatus.zip
[276] http://www.multitech.com/
[277] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#UART16550
[278] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#Windows95
[279] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#FaxDataVoice
[280] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#AdaptiveAnswer
[281] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#Top
[282] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#Top
[283] http://ourworld.compuserve.com/homepages/ted/
[284] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#USRTips
[285] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#Top
[286] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#Top
[287] http://www.smc.com/
[288] http://www.microsoft.com/Support/KBSL/DEVELOPR/win_dk/Q119853.htm
[289] http://198.105.232.5/KB/bussys/winnt/Q103108.htm
[290] ftp://ftp.smc.com/pub/chips/superio/serial.zip
[291] http://www.microsoft.com/kb/softlib/mslfiles/WG1001.EXE
[292] http://198.105.232.5/KB/bussys/winnt/Q103108.htm
[293] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#UART16550
[294] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#TrumpetTips
[295] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#Top
[296] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#Top
[297] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#Top
[298] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#Top
[299] http://www.hilgraeve.com/
[300] http://www.delrina.com/
[301] ftp://ftp.delrina.com/pub/product/windows/wincommlite/
[302] ftp://ftp.delrina.com/pub/product/dos/freecomm/
[303] ftp://softronics.com/pub/shareware/
[304] http://delta.com/
[305] http://www.coast.net/SimTel/SimTel/win3/commprog/uc-31.zip
[306] http://www.coast.net/SimTel/SimTel/win3/commprog/wnqvt487.zip
[307] http://www.coast.net/SimTel/SimTel/win3/commprog/wramp121.zip
[308] http://www.omen.com/
[309] http://www.delrina.com/
[310] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#USRTips
[311] http://www.delrina.com/
[312] http://www.symantec.com/
[313] http://www.datastorm.com/
[314] http://www.microsoft.com/Support/KBSL/DEVELOPR/win_dk/Q86230.htm
[315] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#Top
[316] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#Top
[317] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#USRTips
[318] ftp://ftp.usr.com/usr/dl05/usrsdl.exe
[319] ftp://ftp.usr.com/usr/dl05/v34man.zip
[320] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#Top
[321] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#Top
[322] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#Retraining
[323] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#USRTips
[324] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#TrumpetTips
[325] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#BackOnline
[326] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#Connect28800
[327] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#Top
[328] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#Top
[329] mailto:ericg@unixg.ubc.ca
[330] news:comp.os.ms-windows.*
[331] news:comp.unix.*
[332]
http://www.sun.com/sun-on-net/Sun.Internet.Solutions/performance/tun_mon/index.html
[333] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/mstcp.reg
[334] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#Top
[335] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#Top
[336] http://www.blackbox.com/
[337] http://www.hello-direct.com/cat-bin/signon/hello-direct/
[338] http://www.sparco.com/
[339] ftp://ftp.supra.com/pub/windows/wfaxaa.txt
[340] http://www.supra.com/
[341] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#Voice
[342] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#AdaptiveAnswer
[343] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#BestWindowsComm
[344] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#Windows95
[345] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#Windows95
[346] http://www.delrina.com/
[347] ftp://ftp.usr.com/usr/dl07/mdmusrvi.inf
[348] http://www.microsoft.com/windows/software/drivers/unimodem.htm
[349] ftp://ftp.delrina.com/pub/patches/windows95/winfaxpro70/
[350] http://lake.canberra.edu.au/pub/samba/
[351] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#Top
[352] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#Top
[353] http://www.fcc.gov/
[354] http://www.fcc.gov/Bureaus/Common_Carrier/News_Releases/nrcc4002.txt
[355] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#Top
[356] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#Top
[357] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#Top
[358] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#Top
[359] http://www.blackbox.com/
[360] http://www.hello-direct.com/cat-bin/signon/hello-direct/
[361] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#FaxDataVoice
[362] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#Top
[363] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#Top
[364] http://www.nb.rockwell.com/ref/reference.html
[365] http://www.brooktrout.com/
[366] http://www.gammalink.com/
[367] http://www.puredata.com/
[368] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#Top
[369] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#Top
[370] http://www.datastorm.com/
[371] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#Top
[372] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#Top
[373] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#SREJ
[374] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#Disconnections
[375] ftp://ftp.usr.com/usr/dl05/v34man.zip
[376] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#SplitSpeed
[377] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#BackOnline
[378] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#TrumpetTips
[379] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#Retraining
[380] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/usri6_11.txt
[381] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#ThirdPartyDrivers
[382] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#WindowsTips
[383] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#Top
[384] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#Top
[385] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#UART16550
[386] http://www.microsoft.com/Support/KBSL/DEVELOPR/win_dk/Q86230.htm
[387] http://www.coast.net/SimTel/SimTel/win3/sysutil/memfix10.zip
[388] http://www.coast.net/SimTel/SimTel/win3/sysutil/memplus2.zip
[389] http://www.coast.net/SimTel/SimTel/win3/sysutil/moremem3.zip
[390] http://psg.com/~caf/products.html
[391] http://psg.com/~caf/zmodem.html
[392] http://www.microsoft.com/kb/softlib/windows.htm
[393] http://www.microsoft.com/Support/KBSL/PEROPSYS/windows/Q92447.htm
[394] http://www.microsoft.com/kb/softlib/mslfiles/WW0654.EXE
[395] http://www.microsoft.com/Support/KBSL/PEROPSYS/windows/Q83450.htm
[396] http://www.microsoft.com/kb/softlib/mslfiles/RESKIT.EXE
[397] http://www.microsoft.com/Support/KBSL/PEROPSYS/windows/Q83435.htm
[398] http://www.microsoft.com/Support/KBSL/PEROPSYS/windows/Q83436.htm
[399] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#Top
[400] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#Top
[401] http://www.mot.com/MIMS/ISG/Papers/Modems_WhitePaper/E3_WhitePaper.html
[402] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#Top
[403] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#Top
[404] http://www.usr.com/business/30404.html
[405] http://www.zyxel.com/html/datasheets/isdn/elitei.html
[406] http://www.zyxel.com/html/datasheets/isdn/prestige.html
[407] http://www.microsoft.com/windows/software/isdn.htm
[408] http://www.ascend.com/
[409] http://www.ascend.com/products/prodindex.html#pipeline
[410] http://www.bellcore.com/ISDN/ISDN.html
[411] http://www.bestdata.com/isdn.htm
[412] http://alumni.caltech.edu/~dank/isdn/
[413] http://www.e-tech.com/isdn.html
[414] http://www.elsa.com/
[415] http://www.elsa.com/d/specs/isdn/pcfpro_e.htm
[416] http://www.elsa.com/d/specs/isdn/pcc16_e.htm
[417] http://www.elsa.com/d/specs/isdn/tlv34_e.htm
[418] http://www.elsa.com/d/specs/isdn/tlpro_e.htm
[419] http://www.ibm.com/
[420]
http://www1.ibmlink.ibm.com/cgi-bin/master?xu=guest&xp=&xh=logon&request=announcements&parms=G_194-421
[421]
http://www1.ibmlink.ibm.com/cgi-bin/master?xu=guest&xp=&xh=logon&request=announcements&parms=G_194-413
[422] http://watson.mbb.sfu.ca/mwave.html
[423]
http://www1.ibmlink.ibm.com/cgi-bin/master?xu=guest&xp=&xh=logon&request=specsheets&parms=G2214199
[424] http://www.isdntek.com/
[425] http://www.pacbell.com/Products/SDS-ISDN/Book/toc.html
[426] http://www.interramp.com/
[427] http://www.mot.com/MIMS/ISG/
[428] http://www.mot.com/MIMS/ISG/Products/BSRF/
[429] http://www.mot.com/MIMS/ISG/Products/bitsurfr_pro/
[430] http://www.mot.com/MIMS/ISG/Products/H200/
[431] http://www.mot.com/MIMS/ISG/Products/T210/
[432] http://www.mot.com/MIMS/ISG/Products/T220/
[433] http://www.expressway.com/
[434] http://www.3com.com/0files/products/dsheets/impact.html
[435] news:comp.dcom.isdn
[436] http://www.usr.com/
[437] http://www.usr.com/business/30405.html
[438] http://www.usr.com/business/30404.html
[439] http://www.zyxel.com/
[440] http://www.zyxel.com/html/datasheets/v34/elite.html
[441] http://www.zyxel.com/html/datasheets/isdn/elitei.html
[442] http://www.zyxel.com/html/datasheets/isdn/omni128.html
[443] http://www.zyxel.com/html/datasheets/isdn/prestige.html
[444] http://www.byte.com/art/9403/sec5/art1.htm
[445] http://www.mot.com/MIMS/ISG/Papers/Modems_WhitePaper/E3_WhitePaper.html
[446] http://www.pcmag.com/issues/1418/pcm00045.htm
[447] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#Top
[448] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#Top
[449] http://www.home.net/
[450] http://sunsite.unc.edu/horizon/gems/gemlong.html
[451] http://www.byte.com/art/9403/sec5/art1.htm
[452] http://videotron.ab.ca/VCL/Cable_Modems/CableTechHTML/netpt6.html
[453] http://techweb.cmp.com/techweb/eet/news/95/hr849.html#Monday_5
[454] http://www.hyperstand.com/SITE/NMToday/1024/Cable_Modems_30Mbps.html
[455] http://www.cgocable.ca/anglais/bienv_basse_e.html
[456] http://www.zdnet.com/intweek/print/950522/attitude/doc1.html
[457] http://www.intel.com/comm-net/technolo/cpdpages/
[458] http://www.pcmag.com/issues/1421/pcm00020.htm
[459]
http://www.ans.net/ansUpdate_January/ANS-UPDATE-JANUARY.HTML#Jones_Intercable_Chooses_ANS_for_Internet_Trial
[460] http://www.netcomm.com.au/6_compan/atug5.htm
[461] http://www.pcmag.com/issues/1415/pcm00059.htm
[462] http://www.pcmag.com/issues/1422/pcm00006.htm
[463] http://sepwww.stanford.edu/seg/tle/ross_etal/tle_p2.html
[464] http://www.mot.com/MIMS/Multimedia/prod/
[465] http://www.pcmag.com/issues/1418/pcm00045.htm
[466] http://www.netcomm.com.au/3_new/cable.htm
[467] http://www.ftcnet.com/~dmh/otv.htm
[468] http://socrates.cablelink.net/
[469] http://www.cybertoday.com/cybertoday/v1n1/news.html#v1n1s2
[470] http://www.zdnet.com/intweek/print/950522/upfront/doc13.html
[471] http://pathfinder.com/Corp/officialword/cablepr/excalibur071795.html
[472] http://panoptic.csustan.edu/netsurf/nsoncom.htm#sc4
[473] http://www.ftcnet.com/~dmh/zenith.htm
[474] http://www.3dsite.com/cgi/publications/daily-spectrum/issue2.html
[475] http://www.usr.com/aboutusr/103_32.html
[476] http://www.tezcat.com/~chicago/modem/
[477] http://rpcp.mit.edu/~gingold/cable/
[478] http://stargate.con-ed.howard.edu/WebPages/dll/CableModems/
[479] http://www.microsoft.com/advtech/NCTA/NCTA.htm
[480] http://www.teleport.com/~samc/
[481] http://www.teleport.com/~samc/cable5.html
[482] http://www.teleport.com/~samc/cable1.html
[483] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#Top
[484] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#Top
[485] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#ISDN
[486] http://www.cs.tut.fi/tlt/stuff/adsl/pt_adsl.html
[487] http://vod.isl.goldstar.co.kr/doc/ADSL/index.html
[488] http://www.nta.no/telektronikk/4.93.dir/adsl.html
[489] http://www.analog.com/publications/magazines/comm/vol1_no2/adslchip.html
[490] http://www.telechoice.com/xdslnewz/motorola.html
[491] http://www.mot.com/SPS/MCTG/MDAD/adsl.html
[492] http://www.att.com/press/0795/950727.pda.html
[493] http://www.paradyne.com/products/globespn/glbe_ndx.htm
[494] http://www.att.com/press/0995/950921.pda.html
[495] http://www.att.com/press/0395/950314.pda.html
[496] http://www.byte.com/art/9403/sec5/art1.htm
[497] http://www.telechoice.com/xdslnewz/index.html#CONSUMER
[498] http://www.telechoice.com/xdslnewz/perftel2.html
[499] http://www.telechoice.com/xdslnewz/news.html#GTE
[500] http://www.wcn.gte.com/adsl/Trial/trial.html
[501] http://www.pcmag.com/issues/1418/pcm00045.htm
[502] http://www.pairgain.com/newsrel1.htm
[503] http://www.zdnet.com/intweek/daily/960508e.html
[504] http://www.adsl.com/adsl/dsl_tut.html
[505] http://www.uswest.com/NEWSRELEASES/NR240.HTM
[506] http://www.telechoice.com/xdslnewz/news.html#USWEST
[507] http://www.westell.com/press.html
[508] http://www.westell.com/press.html
[509] http://www.adsl.com/adsl/adsl_tut.html
[510] http://www.adsl.com/adsl/
[511] http://alumni.caltech.edu/~dank/isdn/adsl.html
[512] http://www.telechoice.com/xdslnewz/
[513] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#Top
[514] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#Top
[515]
http://www.microsoft.com/support/products/windows95/windows95/content/connect/
[516] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#USRTips
[517] http://www.delrina.com/
[518] ftp://ftp.delrina.com/pub/patches/windows95/winfaxpro70/
[519] http://www.microsoft.com/windows/download/dscrpt.exe
[520] http://www.microsoft.com/windows/software/cdextras.htm
[521] http://www.cjnetworks.com/~vecdev/vector/
[522] http://www.xmission.com/~wintrnx/wx/info-kg.html
[523] ftp://ftp.csusm.edu/pub/winworld/win95/rdun61.zip
[524] http://www.microsoft.com/windows/download/dscrpt.exe
[525] http://www.lambsoftware.com/
[526] http://www.demon.co.uk/rtvsoft/files.htm
[527] http://www.hilgraeve.com/htpe.html
[528] http://psg.com/~caf/zmodem.html
[529] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/manfs.html
[530] http://www.microsoft.com/ie/msie.htm
[531] http://www.microsoft.com/windows/software/isdn.htm
[532] http://www.microsoft.com/windows/software/krnlupd.htm
[533] http://www.microsoft.com/kb/peropsys/win95/q142730.htm
[534] http://www.microsoft.com/kb/peropsys/win95/q140791.htm
[535] http://www.microsoft.com/support/products/windows95/AnswerStation.htm
[536] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#Voice
[537] http://www.intel.com/ial/plugplay/
[538] http://www.usr.com/home/2041.html
[539] http://www.supra.com/Products.html
[540] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/manfs.html
[541] http://www.microsoft.com/windows/software/servpak1/sphome.htm
[542] http://www.microsoft.com/support/products/windows95/windows95.htm
[543] http://www.microsoft.com/kb/peropsys/win95/q134635.htm
[544] http://www.microsoft.com/win32dev/netwrk/tapinto.htm
[545] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#FaxDataVoice
[546] ftp://ftp.microsoft.com/developr/TAPI/
[547] http://www.microsoft.com/windows/download/Tapi_tna.exe
[548] http://www.microsoft.com/windows/software/powertoy.htm
[549] http://www.microsoft.com/windows/software/drivers/unimodem.htm
[550] http://www.aztechca.com/
[551] ftp://ftp.cirrus.com/
[552] http://www.compaq.com/
[553] http://www.compaq.com/productinfo/desktops/
[554] http://www.compaq.com/
[555] http://www.compaq.com/productinfo/desktops/
[556] http://www.creaf.com/
[557] http://www.creaf.com/wwwnew/complex/products/comm.html
[558] http://www.diamondmm.com/
[559]
http://www.diamondmm.com/products/communications/audio-tele/telecommander-2500xl/
[560] http://www.logicode.com/
[561] http://www.logicode.com/cat15.html
[562] http://www.nb.rockwell.com/mcd/dcd.html
[563] http://www.microsoft.com/windows/software/drivers/drivers.htm
[564] http://www.microsoft.com/windows/software/drivers/audio.htm
[565] http://www.microsoft.com/windows/software/drivers/cdrom.htm
[566] http://www.microsoft.com/windows/software/drivers/display.htm
[567] http://www.microsoft.com/windows/software/irda.htm
[568] http://www.microsoft.com/windows/software/isdn.htm
[569] http://www.microsoft.com/windows/software/drivers/modem.htm
[570] http://www.microsoft.com/windows/software/drivers/mouse.htm
[571] http://www.microsoft.com/windows/software/drivers/network.htm
[572] http://www.microsoft.com/windows/software/drivers/other.htm
[573] http://www.microsoft.com/kb/softlib/mslfiles/pnt32upd.exe
[574] http://www.microsoft.com/windows/software/drivers/printer.htm
[575] http://www.microsoft.com/windows/software/drivers/storage.htm
[576] http://www.microsoft.com/windows/software/drivers/unimodem.htm
[577] http://www.microsoft.com/windows/software/drivers/ups.htm
[578] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#Top
[579] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#Top
[580] http://www.ansi.org/
[581] http://www.t1.org/
[582] http://techweb.cmp.com/techweb/cw/current/
[583] http://www.faximum.com/faqs/fax/
[584] http://www.datacomm-us.com/
[585] http://techweb.cmp.com/techweb/eet/current/
[586] http://www.fcc.gov/
[587] http://www.its.bldrdoc.gov/projects/1037c/1037.html
[588] http://www.ieee.org/comsoc/comsochome.html
[589] http://stdsbbs.ieee.org/
[590] http://iitf.doc.gov/
[591] http://www.igc.org/
[592] http://www.igc.org/support4/modems.html
[593] http://www.usa.net/icia/
[594] http://www.iso.ch/welcome.html
[595] http://www.itu.ch/
[596] http://www.ntia.doc.gov/
[597] http://www.accutek.com/~satchell/tsb38rat.htm
[598] http://www.spp.umich.edu/telecom/telecom-info.html
[599] http://bell.com/leg.html
[600] http://www.yahoo.com/
[601] http://www.yahoo.com/Computers_and_Internet/Hardware/Peripherals/Modems/
[602] http://www.yahoo.com/Business_and_Economy/Companies/Computers/Networking/
[603] http://www.yahoo.com/Business_and_Economy/Companies/Telecommunications/
[604] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#Top
[605] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#Top
[606]
ftp://rtfm.mit.edu/pub/usenet-by-group/news.announce.newusers/Welcome_to_Usenet%21
[607]
ftp://rtfm.mit.edu/pub/usenet-by-group/news.announce.newusers/Answers_to_Frequently_Asked_Questions_about_Usenet
[608]
ftp://rtfm.mit.edu/pub/usenet-by-group/news.announce.newusers/Rules_for_posting_to_Usenet
[609]
ftp://rtfm.mit.edu/pub/usenet-by-group/news.announce.newusers/How_to_find_the_right_place_to_post_%28FAQ%29
[610]
ftp://rtfm.mit.edu/pub/usenet-by-group/news.announce.newusers/A_Primer_on_How_to_Work_With_the_Usenet_Community
[611]
ftp://rtfm.mit.edu/pub/usenet-by-group/news.announce.newusers/Emily_Postnews_Answers_Your_Questions_on_Netiquette
[612]
ftp://rtfm.mit.edu/pub/usenet-by-group/news.announce.newusers/Copyright_Myths_FAQ%3A_10_big_myths_about_copyright_explained
[613]
ftp://rtfm.mit.edu/pub/usenet-by-group/news.announce.newusers/Advertising_on_Usenet%3A_How_To_Do_It%2C_How_Not_To_Do_It
[614] news:news.announce.newusers
[615] news:news.answers
[616] news:comp.dcom.fax
[617] news:comp.dcom.isdn
[618] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#ISDN
[619] news:comp.dcom.modems
[620] news:comp.os.ms-windows.apps.comm
[621] news:comp.os.os2.comm
[622] news:comp.sys.mac.comm
[623] news:comp.sys.ibm.pc.hardware.comm
[624] news://msnews.microsoft.com/microsoft.public.win95.commtelephony
[625] news://msnews.microsoft.com/microsoft.public.win95.dialupnetworking
[626] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#Top
[627] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#Top
[628] http://www.konexx.com/
[629] http://www.konexx.com/k111.htm
[630] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#Top
[631] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#Top
[632] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#Top
[633] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#Top
[634] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/manfs.html
[635] http://www.nb.rockwell.com/ref/reference.html
[636] http://www.nb.rockwell.com/mcd/bman/rpi_faq.html
[637] http://www.nb.rockwell.com/modem_report/may95/ModemReport.html#FirstStory
[638] http://www.nb.rockwell.com/ref/rpi/winrpi.html
[639] http://www.nb.rockwell.com/ref/rpi.software.info
[640] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#Top
[641] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#Top
[642] http://www.zdnet.com/home/filters/main.html
[643] http://www.zdnet.com/zdlabs/
[644] http://www.byte.com/
[645] http://www.mcgraw-hill.com/
[646] http://www.byte.com/art/9407/sec11/sec11.htm
[647] http://www.byte.com/art/9506/sec12/sec12.htm
[648] http://www.cnet.com/
[649] http://www.cnet.com/Content/Reviews/Compare/Modems/
[650] http://www.zdnet.com/complife/
[651] http://www.zdnet.com/home/filters/main.html
[652] http://www.zdnet.com/complife/content/951020/feature3/index.html
[653] http://www.zdnet.com/cshopper/
[654] http://www.zdnet.com/home/filters/main.html
[655] http://www.zdnet.com/cshopper/features/9505/hw2_0595/index.html
[656] http://www.zdnet.com/cshopper/content/9512/sgfeature/main.html
[657] http://www.zdnet.com/macuser/
[658] http://www.zdnet.com/home/filters/main.html
[659] http://www.zdnet.com/macuser/95index/modems.html
[660] http://techweb.cmp.com/techweb/nc/current/
[661] http://techweb.cmp.com/techweb/docs/list-o-pubs.html
[662] http://techweb.cmp.com/techweb/nc/615/615rev1.html
[663] http://www.pcmag.com/
[664] http://www.zdnet.com/home/filters/main.html
[665] http://www.pcmag.com/issues/1418/pcm00098.htm
[666] http://www.pcworld.com/
[667] http://www.idg.com/
[668] http://techweb.cmp.com/wm/current/
[669] http://techweb.cmp.com/techweb/docs/list-o-pubs.html
[670] http://www.winmag.com/library/1995/0895/08REVA.HTM#A2
[671] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#Top
[672] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#Top
[673] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#MagazineReviews
[674] http://www.usr.com/business/304.html
[675] ftp://ftp.usr.com/usr/dl05/usrsdl.exe
[676] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#SREJ
[677] mailto:Support@USR.com
[678] http://www.mot.com/MIMS/ISG/
[679] http://www.iso.ch/9000e/forum.html
[680] http://www.mot.com/MIMS/ISG/Products/326x/326x_fast_v34.html
[681] http://www.mot.com/MIMS/ISG/Products/V3400/
[682] http://www.mot.com/MIMS/ISG/Products/V3400/
[683] http://www.mot.com/MIMS/ISG/Products/premier336/
[684] http://www.microcom.com/
[685] http://www.penril.com/
[686] http://www.telebit.com/
[687] http://www.zyxel.com/
[688] http://www.zyxel.com/html/datasheets/v34/elite.html
[689] http://www.paradyne.att.com/
[690] http://www.zdnet.com/intweek/daily/951019b.html
[691] http://www.pcmag.com/news/scan/1995/nw101995.htm
[692] http://www.mot.com/MIMS/ISG/
[693] http://www.iso.ch/9000e/forum.html
[694] http://www.mot.com/MIMS/ISG/Products/PowerClass28.8/
[695] http://www.mot.com/MIMS/ISG/Products/Lifestyle28.8/
[696] http://www.mot.com/MIMS/ISG/Products/28.8_note.html
[697] http://www.mot.com/MIMS/ISG/Products/voicesurfr288/
[698] http://www.mot.com/MIMS/ISG/Products/modemsurfr/
[699] http://www.mot.com/MIMS/ISG/Products/onlinesurfr/
[700] http://www.usr.com/home/2041.html
[701] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/shootout.html
[702] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#SplitSpeed
[703] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#SREJ
[704] http://www.usr.com/home/20411.07.html
[705] http://www.usr.com/home/20411.08.html
[706] http://www.usr.com/home/20411.05.html
[707] http://www.usr.com/home/20411.03.html
[708] http://www.nb.rockwell.com/ref/rpi.software.info
[709] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#RockwellInfo
[710] http://www.supra.com/
[711] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#SplitSpeed
[712] http://www.supra.com/336Upgrade/index.html
[713] http://www.multitech.com/
[714] http://www.hayes.com/
[715] http://www.practinet.com/
[716] http://www.zyxel.com/
[717] http://www.zyxel.com/html/datasheets/v34/omni288s.html
[718] http://www.zyxel.com/html/datasheets/v34/elite.html
[719] http://www.att.com/paradyne/
[720] http://www.pcweek.com/news/1002/oatt.html
[721] mailto:bestdata@aol.com
[722] http://www.bocaresearch.com/
[723] http://www.zoomtel.com/
[724] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#SplitSpeed
[725] http://www.creaf.com/
[726] http://www.pc.ibm.com/products/c30034.html#modem
[727] http://www.usr.com/business/304.html
[728] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#Top
[729] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#Top
[730] http://www.whnet.com/
[731] gopher://gopher.cexpress.com:2600/11/
[732] gopher://pccatalog.peed.com/1/
[733] http://www.sparco.com/
[734] http://www.computability.com/
[735] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#Top
[736] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html#Top



[continued]



                                       Modem Companies on the Internet
          
   
    IWAY 500 Winner
   
                   MODEM COMPANIES ON THE INTERNET
                                   
   
   
Part of the Navas 28800 Modem FAQ[1]TM

   
   
    Copyright 1995-1996 The Navas Group[2]SM, All Rights Reserved.
    Permission is granted to copy for private non-commercial use
   only.
   
    Posted as <http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/manfs.html>.
   Updated: Friday, August 02, 1996.
   
    Copies of this document in either hypertext (HTML) or plain text
   format may be obtained by email from an "agora" server (e.g.,
   agora@info.lanic.utexas.edu[3] or agora@dna.affrc.go.jp[4]) or
   from web-mail[5]. For information on agora, send an email message
   to an agora server with a body of "help"; for information on
   web-mail, send a blank email message to web-mail@ebay.com[6].
   
    Please note: The author has no present connection with any modem
   company (other than as a customer), and does not endorse the
   products of any company. This information was compiled by the
   author and is provided as a public service. Neither the author nor
   any organization mentioned herein are responsible for any errors
   or omissions, or for any consequential problems that might result.
   USE AT YOUR OWN RISK. 
   
    Please note: The author does not have the time to give
   individual technical support, so please do not email requests for
   assistance. Instead, post them on the Usenet newsgroup
   comp.dcom.modems[7]. Thank you.
   
    Email comments and suggestions to
   JNavas@NavasGrp.Dublin.CA.US[8]
   ___________________________________
   
   
Contents

   
   
      
      
      AcerOPEN[9] [new 6/13/96]
      
      AMQUEST[10] [new 7/27/96]
      
      Archtek[11] [updated 6/13/96]
      
      Aspen Technologies[12] [new 5/7/96]
      
      Best Data[13] 
      
      Boca Research[14] 
      
      Bullet Telecom (E-TECH Research)[15] [new 5/7/96]
      
      Cardinal Technologies[16] [updated 8/2/96]
      
      Compaq Communication[17] [new 7/27/96]
      
      Connectware[18] [new 5/15/96]
      
      Creative Labs[19] [updated 6/13/96]
      
      Diamond/Supra[20] [updated 6/6/96]
      
      E-TECH Research[21] [new 5/7/96]
      
      ELSA[22] [new 6/13/96]
      
      Global Village[23] 
      
      GVC[24] [new 5/7/96]
      
      Hayes (and PPI)[25] [updated 4/18/96]
      
      Intertex[26] 
      
      Logicode (Quicktel)[27] [new 4/11/96]
      
      MaxTech (GVC)[28] [updated 5/7/96]
      
      Megahertz[29] 
      
      Microcom[30] 
      
      miro Computer Products[31]
      
      Motorola ISG[32] 
      
      Multi-Tech[33] [updated 6/13/96]
      
      NetComm[34] [new 6/6/96]
      
      NovaLink Technologies[35] [new 5/15/96]
      
      Ositech Communications[36] [new 5/15/96]
      
      Penril[37]
      
      Practical Peripherals (see Hayes[38])
      
      Quicktel (see Logicode[39])
      
      Spectrum Signal Processing[40] [new 6/13/96]
      
      Supra (see Diamond/Supra[41])
      
      TDK Systems[42] [new 5/15/96]
      
      Telebit[43] 
      
      USRobotics[44] [updated 4/1/96]
      
      Zoom[45] 
      
      ZyXEL[46] [updated 4/18/96] 
      
   
   
    Button[47] [Back to Navas 28800 Modem FAQ[48]] 
   
    Button[49] [The Navas Group home page[50]]
   ___________________________________
   
   
AcerOPEN on the Internet [new 6/13/96]

   
   
      
      
      AcerOPEN Home Page[51]
      
      Product Information[52]
      
      Product Support[53]: 
      
      Frequently Asked Questions[54]
      
      FTP server (files)[55]
      
      On-line Support Form[56]
      
      Technical Articles[57]
      
   
   
    Button[58] [Return to top[59]] 
   ___________________________________
   
   
AMQUEST on the Internet [new 7/27/96]

   
   
    Note: In the opinion of this author the marketing claims made
   for the AMQUEST HyperModem ("World's Fastest V.34 [modem] using
   the Rockwell International Chipset") may well be misleading. This
   author has asked for but not received data and/or evaluation units
   to substantiate these claims. This author doubts that the
   HyperModem is significantly faster than other V.34 modems in real
   world applications.
   
      
      
      AMQUEST Home Page[60]
      
      Product Information[61]
      
      Product Support[62]: 
      
      Hardware Tips[63]
      
      Software Tips[64]
      
      To get technical support:
       Send email to AMQUEST@CPCNET.COM[65]
      
   
   
    Button[66] [Return to top[67]] 
   ___________________________________
   
   
Archtek (America) on the Internet

   
   
      
      
      Archtek America Home Page[68]
      
      Product Information[69]
      
      Product Support: 
      
      FTP server (files)[70]
      
      To get technical support:
       Send email to support@archtek.com[71]
      
   
   
    Button[72] [Return to top[73]] 
   ___________________________________
   
   
Aspen Technologies on the Internet [new 5/7/96]

   
   
      
      
      Aspen Technologies Home Page[74]
      
      Product Information[75]
      
      Product Support: 
      
      Customer Support[76]
      
      FTP server[77]
      
      To get technical support:
       Send email to techsup@intrepid.net[78]
      
   
   
    Button[79] [Return to top[80]] 
   ___________________________________
   
   
Best Data on the Internet

   
   
      
      
      Best Data Home Page[81]
      
      Product Information[82]
      
      FTP Server[83] (files)
      
      To get technical support:
       Send email to bestdata@aol.com[84]
      
   
   
    Button[85] [Return to top[86]] 
   ___________________________________
   
   
Boca Research on the Internet [updated 4/11/96]

   
   
      
      
      Boca Research Home Page[87]
      
      Product Information[88]
      
      Technical Information[89]
      
      FTP server[90] (files)
      
      Technical Support[91] (form) 
      
   
   
    Button[92] [Return to top[93]] 
   ___________________________________
   
   
Cardinal Technologies on the Internet [updated 8/2/96]

   
   
      
      
      Cardinal Technologies Home Page[94]
      
      33.6 Upgrade Program[95] [new 8/2/96]
      
      To get technical support:
       Send email to techs@cardtech.com[96]
      
   
   
    Button[97] [Return to top[98]] 
   ___________________________________
   
   
Compaq Communication on the Internet [new 7/27/96]

   
   
      
      
      Compaq Home Page[99]
      
      Communication Products Information[100]
      
      Files[101] (drivers, etc.)
      
      Product Support[102]
      
   
   
    Button[103] [Return to top[104]] 
   ___________________________________
   
   
Connectware on the Internet [new 5/15/96]

   
   
      
      
      Connectware Home Page[105]
      
      Modem PC Cards[106]
      
      Technical Support[107] 
      
      Frequently Asked Questions[108]
      
      On-line trouble ticket[109]
      
      Send email to support@connectware.com[110]
      
   
   
    Button[111] [Return to top[112]] 
   ___________________________________
   
   
Creative Labs on the Internet [updated 6/13/96]

   
   
      
      
      Creative Labs Home Page[113]
      
      Product Information[114]
      
      Technical Information[115]
      
      Technical Specifications[116]
      
      FTP server[117] (files)
      
      To get technical support:
       Send email to support@creaf.com[118]
      
   
   
    Button[119] [Return to top[120]] 
   ___________________________________
   
   
Diamond/Supra on the Internet [updated 6/6/96]

   
   
    Supra is now owned by Diamond Multimedia[121].
   
    6/6/96: Diamond/Supra has announced[122] that 33.6 upgrades will
   be available for all Supra 28.8 modems. The cost and difficulty of
   those upgrades, depending on the age and model of the modem,
   ranges from downloading and installing free Flash firmware to
   return-to-factory for rework.
   
      
      
      Diamond/Supra Home Page[123]
      
      Product Information[124]
      
      33.6 Upgrade Information[125] [new 6/6/96]
      
      Files may be obtained from ftp.Supra.com[126] 
      
      Latest Flash update[127]
      
      Information on: 
      
      "Silent Answer[128]" feature
      
      "SmartUART[129]" feature 
      
      Windows 95 INF files: 
      
      mdmsupra.inf[130]
      
      mdmsupra1.inf[131]
      
      To get technical support:
       Send email to SupraTech@Supra.com[132]
      
   
   
    Button[133] [Return to top[134]] 
   ___________________________________
   
   
E-TECH (Bullet Telecom) on the Internet [new 5/11/96]

   
   
      
      
      E-TECH Home Page[135] 
      
      Bullet Modems[136]
      
      Product Support[137] 
      
      FAQ[138]
      
      Modem drivers[139]
      
      Modem firmware[140]
      
      Customer Support 
      
      On-line support form[141]
      
      Send email to techsupt@e-tech.com[142]
      
   
   
    Button[143] [Return to top[144]] 
   ___________________________________
   
   
ELSA on the Internet [new 6/13/96]

   
   
      
      
      ELSA (USA) Home Page[145]
      
      Product Information[146]
      
      Product Support[147] 
      
      Background[148] material and Tips and Tricks[149]
      
      FTP server[150] (files)
      
      To get technical support:
       Send email to support@elsa.com[151]
      
   
   
    Button[152] [Return to top[153]] 
   ___________________________________
   
   
Global Village on the Internet

   
   
      
      
      Global Village Home Page[154]
      
      Product Information[155]
      
      Product Support[156] 
      
      Comment form[157]
      
      Send email to techsupport@globalvillage.com[158]
      
   
   
    Button[159] [Return to top[160]] 
   ___________________________________
   
   
GVC on the Internet [new 5/7/96]

   
   
      
      
      GVC (Taiwan) Home Page[161]
      
      GVC Canada Home Page[162]  
      
      Product Information[163]
      
      Product Support[164] 
      
      Files[165]
      
      On-line form[166]
      
      Send email to rogue@passport.ca[167]
      
      MaxTech (USA) Home Page[168] 
      
      Product Information[169]
      
      Technical Information[170]
      
      Files by FTP[171]
      
      To get technical support:
       Send email to support@maxcorp.com[172]
      
   
   
    Button[173] [Return to top[174]] 
   ___________________________________
   
   
Hayes (and PPI) on the Internet [updated 4/18/96]

   
   
    Hayes has lined up new investors, obtained approval of a revised
   Reorganization Plan from the Bankruptcy Judge, and hired a new
   CEO.
   
    Additional information: 
   
      
      
      "IBM exec to be named CEO of Hayes[175]" [new 4/17/96]
      
      "Hayes to step back from helm[176]" [new 4/17/96]
      
      "Hayes Lines Up New Investors[177]" [new 4/11/96]
      
      "Hayes Seeks Funds After Nortel Backs Out[178]" [new 4/2/96]
      
      "Hayes eyes new start, future IPO for modem maker[179]" [new
      3/15/96]
      
      "Judge OKs Hayes' independence[180]" [new 3/8/96]
      
      "Diamond ups its buyout bid for Hayes for the third time[181]"
      
      "Menacing Dennis[182]"
      
      "U.S. Robotics withdraws bid for Hayes"[183]
      
      "Hayes says it has financial backing for reorganization[184]"
      
      "US Robotics Eyes Hayes[185]"
      
      "U.S. Robotics files papers in Hayes bankrutpcy case[186]"
      
      "Hayes confident as Bankruptcy Court opens up bidding[187]"
      
      Diamond Press Release on bid for Hayes[188]
      
      "Bidding war for Hayes set to begin this Monday[189]"
      
      "Bankruptcy court nixes Hayes' bid for extension to find
      funding[190]"
      
      "Hayes pushes for court extension[191]"
      
      "Dennis Hayes mulls his future without Boca Research[192]"
      
      "Hayes and Boca: Playing the waiting game[193]"
      
      "Boca Research bails on Hayes merger; execs swap charges[194]"
      
      "Hayes Trying to Bail Out of Boca Merger[195]"
      
   
   
    INTERNET: 
   
      
      
      Hayes Home Page[196]  
      
      Product Information[197]
      
      Technical Tips[198]
      
      FTP server[199] (files): 
      
      Windows 95 drivers for ESP board[200]
      
      Reference Manual for OPTIMA 288 Business Modems[201]
      
      Telnet to the Hayes BBS[202]
      
      To get technical support:
       Send email to support@os.hayes.com[203]
      
      Practical Peripherals Inc.[204] (PPI, now folded into Hayes) 
      
      Product Information[205]
      
      Technical Tips[206]
      
      FTP server[207] (files)
      
      Contact Information[208]
      
      To get technical support:
       Send email to support@practinet.com[209]
      
   
   
    Button[210] [Return to top[211]] 
   ___________________________________
   
   
Intertex (Sweden) on the Internet 

   
   
      
      
      Intertex Home Page[212]
      
      Product Information[213]
      
      Firmware updates and scripts[214]
      
      Windows 95 INF files for: 
      
      Intertex modems[215]
      
      PowerBit modems[216]
      
      To get technical support:
       Send email to intertex@algonet.se[217]
      
   
   
    Button[218] [Return to top[219]] 
   ___________________________________
   
   
Logicode (Quicktel) on the Internet [new 4/11/96]

   
   
      
      
      Logicode Home Page[220]
      
      Product Information[221] 
      
      DSVD Modems[222]
      
      Fax/Modems[223]
      
      High Speed Serial Cards[224]
      
      PCMCIA Fax/Modems[225]
      
      Quickwave[226]
      
      Voice Mail/Fax/Modems[227]
      
      Technical Information[228]
      
      Technical Support[229] (form) 
      
   
   
    Button[230] [Return to top[231]] 
   ___________________________________
   
   
Megahertz on the Internet

   
   
      
      
      Megahertz Home Page[232]
      
      Product Information[233]
      
      Technical Support[234]: 
      
      Firmware updates[235]
      
      FTP server[236] (files)
      
      Initialization Strings[237]
      
      Technical Bulletins[238]
      
      To get technical support:
       Send email to techsupport@mhz.com[239]
      
   
   
    Button[240] [Return to top[241]] 
   ___________________________________
   
   
Microcom on the Internet

   
   
      
      
      Microcom Home Page[242]
      
      Product Information 
      
      DeskPorte 28.8P[243], FAST[244] and FAST+[245]
      
      DeskPorte S Series[246]
      
      TravelCard 28.8P[247] and FAST[248]
      
      TravelPorte FAST[249]
      
      FTP server[250] (info, documentation, troubleshooting,
      firmware, etc.)
      
      Technical Support[251] (form) 
      
   
   
    Button[252] [Return to top[253]] 
   ___________________________________
   
   
[continued]




miro Computer Products on the Internet

   
   
      
      
      miro Home Page[254] 
      
      Product Information[255]
      
      Software Updates[256]
      
      Technical Information[257]
      
      Technical Support[258]
      
   
   
    Button[259] [Return to top[260]] 
   ___________________________________
   
   
Motorola ISG on the Internet

   
   
      
      
      Motorola ISG Home Page[261]
      
      Product Information 
      
      V.3400[262]
      
      Premier 33.6[263]
      
      Power Class[264]
      
      Lifestyle[265] and Lifestyle PCMCIA[266]
      
      BitSURFR[267] and BitSURFR Pro[268] (ISDN) 
      
      Technical Information[269]
      
      Firmware and software updates[270]
      
      FTP server[271]
      
      Direct technical support is not available on the Internet
      
   
   
    Button[272] [Return to top[273]] 
   ___________________________________
   
   
Multi-Tech on the Internet [updated 6/13/96]

   
   
      
      
      Multi-Tech Home Page[274]
      
      Product Information[275]
      
      Product Support[276] 
      
      Firmware updates[277]
      
      FTP server[278] (files)
      
      Manuals[279]
      
      Technical Notes[280]
      
      To get technical support:
       Send email to tsupport@multitech.com[281]
      
   
   
    Button[282] [Return to top[283]] 
   ___________________________________
   
   
NetComm (Australia) on the Internet [new 6/6/96]

   
   
      
      
      NetComm Home Page[284]
      
      Product Information[285]
      
      Support[286]: 
      
      FTP server[287] (files)
      
      Technical Notes[288]
      
      33.6 Upgrade Information[289]
      
      To get technical support:
       Send email to support@netcomm.com.au[290]
      
   
   
    Button[291] [Return to top[292]] 
   ___________________________________
   
   
NovaLink Technologies on the Internet [new 5/15/96]

   
   
      
      
      NovaLink Technologies Home Page[293]
      
   
   
    Button[294] [Return to top[295]] 
   ___________________________________
   
   
Ositech Communications on the Internet [new 5/15/96]

   
   
      
      
      Ositech Communications Home Page[296]
      
      Multifunction Modem PC Cards[297]
      
      Firmware Updates[298]
      
   
   
    Button[299] [Return to top[300]] 
   ___________________________________
   
   
Penril on the Internet

   
   
      
      
      Penril Home Page[301] 
      
      Product Information[302]
      
      Support[303]: 
      
      FTP server[304] (files)
      
      Firmware and software updates[305]
      
      Technical Information[306]
      
      Technical Support[307] (form) 
      
   
   
    Button[308] [Return to top[309]] 
   ___________________________________
   
   
Spectrum Signal Processing on the Internet [new 6/13/96]

   
   
      
      
      Spectrum Signal Home Page[310]
      
      Product Information[311]
      
      Product Support: 
      
      V.34 Software Upgrade[312]
      
      Frequently Asked Questions[313]
      
      Technical Support[314]
      
   
   
    Button[315] [Return to top[316]] 
   ___________________________________
   
   
TDK Systems on the Internet [new 5/15/96]

   
   
      
      
      TDK Systems Home Page[317]
      
      Modem PC Cards[318]
      
      To get technical support:
       Send email to answers@tsd.ssi1.com[319]
      
   
   
    Button[320] [Return to top[321]] 
   ___________________________________
   
   
Telebit on the Internet

   
   
      
      
      Telebit Home Page[322] 
      
      Product Information[323]
      
      Product Documentation[324]
      
      FTP server[325]
      
      To get technical support:
       Send email to support@telebit.com[326]
      
   
   
    Button[327] [Return to top[328]] 
   ___________________________________
   
   
USRobotics on the Internet [updated 4/1/96]

   
   
      
      
      USRobotics Home Page[329] 
      
      Files (including manuals and Courier Flash updates) may be
      obtained from ftp.USR.com[330] 
      
      Sportster[331]: 
      
      Latest DSVD firmware (USA modems)[332], now including speeds up
      to 33.6 Kbps [updated 4/1/96] 
      
      Sportster V.FC/V.34-specific commands (ASCII format)[333]
      
      Sportster high-speed manual in: 
      
      ASCII format[334]
      
      Microsoft Word format[335]
      
      Windows Help format[336]
      
      Windows 95 INF files: 
      
      Sportster (non-Vi)[337]
      
      Sportster Vi[338]
      
      Courier[339]: 
      
      V.34 manual (ASCII format)[340]
      
      Latest V.34 firmware (USA modems)[341], now including speeds up
      to 33.6 Kbps, Caller ID, Distinctive Ring, Plug and Play,
      Carrier Loss Dialback, and a number of fixes and improvements
      
      Windows 95 INF files: 
      
      Courier analog modems[342]
      
      Courier I-Modem[343]
      
      To get technical support:
       Send blank email to Support@USR.com[344] and you should get a
      response within 48 hours.
      
      To get sales information:
       Send blank email to Sales@USR.com[345] and you should get a
      response within 48 hours. 
      
   
   
    Button[346] [Return to top[347]] 
   ___________________________________
   
   
Zoom Telephonics on the Internet

   
   
      
      
      Zoom Home Page[348] 
      
      Product Information[349]
      
      File Library[350]
      
      Technical Support[351]
      
   
   
    Button[352] [Return to top[353]] 
   ___________________________________
   
   
ZyXEL on the Internet [updated 4/18/96]

   
   
      
      
      ZyXEL USA Home Page[354] 
      
      List of ZyXEL sites worldwide[355]
      
      Product Information[356] 
      
      Elite 2864[357]
      
      Omni 288[358]
      
      Technical Information[359] 
      
      Elite 2864 User Manual (Adobe PDF format)[360]
      
      Windows 95/NT Installation Tips[361]
      
      WIndows 3.x Parallel Port Driver for Elite modems[362]
      
      Windows 95 INF file for Elite modems[363]
      
      Windows NT INF file for Elite modems[364]
      
      Flash ROM 1.12 for Elite 2864 modems[365]
      
      Flash ROM 2.01 for Elite 2864I modems[366]
      
      FTP servers (files) 
      
      ZyXEL Europe[367]
      
      ZyXEL Taiwan[368]
      
      ZyXEL USA[369] 
      
      To get technical support:
       Send email to tech@zyxel.com[370]
      
   
   
    Button[371] [Return to top[372]] 
   ___________________________________
   
   
    Trademarks belong to their owners. 

*** References from this document ***
[orig] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/manfs.html
[1] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html
[2] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/
[3] mailto:agora@info.lanic.utexas.edu
[4] mailto:agora@dna.affrc.go.jp
[5] http://www.ebay.com/web-mail/
[6] mailto:web-mail@ebay.com
[7] news:comp.dcom.modems
[8] mailto:JNavas@NavasGrp.Dublin.CA.US
[9] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/manfs.html#AcerOPEN
[10] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/manfs.html#AMQUEST
[11] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/manfs.html#Archtek
[12] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/manfs.html#Aspen
[13] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/manfs.html#BestData
[14] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/manfs.html#Boca
[15] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/manfs.html#ETECH
[16] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/manfs.html#Cardinal
[17] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/manfs.html#Compaq
[18] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/manfs.html#Connectware
[19] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/manfs.html#CreativeLabs
[20] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/manfs.html#SupraNet
[21] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/manfs.html#ETECH
[22] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/manfs.html#ELSA
[23] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/manfs.html#GlobalVillage
[24] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/manfs.html#GVC
[25] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/manfs.html#Hayes
[26] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/manfs.html#Intertex
[27] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/manfs.html#LogicodeQuicktel
[28] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/manfs.html#GVC
[29] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/manfs.html#Megahertz
[30] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/manfs.html#Microcom
[31] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/manfs.html#miro
[32] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/manfs.html#Motorola
[33] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/manfs.html#MultiTech
[34] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/manfs.html#NetComm
[35] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/manfs.html#NovaLink
[36] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/manfs.html#Ositech
[37] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/manfs.html#Penril
[38] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/manfs.html#Hayes
[39] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/manfs.html#LogicodeQuicktel
[40] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/manfs.html#SpectrumSignal
[41] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/manfs.html#SupraNet
[42] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/manfs.html#TDKSystems
[43] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/manfs.html#Telebit
[44] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/manfs.html#USRNet
[45] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/manfs.html#Zoom
[46] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/manfs.html#ZyXEL
[47] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html
[48] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/faq.html
[49] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/
[50] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/
[51] http://www.acer.com/aac/aod/index.htm
[52] http://www.acer.com/aac/products/periph/modem1.htm
[53] http://www.acer.com/aac/aod/support/index.htm
[54] http://www.acer.com/aac/support/question.htm
[55] http://www.acer.com/aac/aod/support/ftp.htm
[56] http://www.acer.com/aac/support/techreq.htm
[57] http://www.acer.com/aac/support/articles/index.htm
[58] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/manfs.html#Top
[59] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/manfs.html#Top
[60] http://www.amquestcorp.com/
[61] http://www.amquestcorp.com/product.htm
[62] http://www.amquestcorp.com/techtip.htm
[63] http://www.amquestcorp.com/support3.htm
[64] http://www.amquestcorp.com/support2.htm
[65] MAILTO:AMQUEST@CPCNET.COM
[66] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/manfs.html#Top
[67] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/manfs.html#Top
[68] http://www.archtek.com/
[69] http://www.archtek.com/html/products.htm
[70] http://www.archtek.com/html/drivers.htm
[71] mailto:support@archtek.com
[72] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/manfs.html#Top
[73] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/manfs.html#Top
[74] http://www.aspentek.com/
[75] http://www.aspentek.com/product.html
[76] http://www.aspentek.com/support.html
[77] http://www.aspentek.com/ftp.html
[78] mailto:techsup@intrepid.net
[79] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/manfs.html#Top
[80] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/manfs.html#Top
[81] http://www.bestdata.com/
[82] http://www.bestdata.com/prod.htm
[83] ftp://bestdata.com/bestdata/
[84] mailto:bestdata@aol.com
[85] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/manfs.html#Top
[86] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/manfs.html#Top
[87] http://www.bocaresearch.com/
[88] http://www.bocaresearch.com/docs/prodlist.htm
[89] http://www.bocaresearch.com/support/
[90] http://www.bocaresearch.com/support/ftpmain.htm
[91] http://www.bocaresearch.com/support/ss_email.htm
[92] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/manfs.html#Top
[93] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/manfs.html#Top
[94] http://www.cardtech.com/
[95] http://www.cardtech.com/news/upgrade336.html
[96] mailto:techs@cardtech.com
[97] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/manfs.html#Top
[98] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/manfs.html#Top
[99] http://www.compaq.com/
[100] http://www.compaq.com/productinfo/notebooks/CommProd.html
[101] http://www.compaq.com/support/files/allothers.html
[102] http://www.compaq.com/support/cpqcare/index.html
[103] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/manfs.html#Top
[104] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/manfs.html#Top
[105] http://www.connectware.com/
[106] http://www.connectware.com/c-works/voghome.html
[107] http://www.connectware.com/support/tso-home.html
[108] http://www.connectware.com/support/faq-home.html
[109] http://www.connectware.com/support/ticket.html
[110] mailto:support@connectware.com
[111] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/manfs.html#Top
[112] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/manfs.html#Top
[113] http://www.creaf.com/
[114] http://www.creaf.com/wwwnew/complex/products/comm.html
[115] http://www.creaf.com/wwwnew/tech/faqs/faqs.html
[116] http://www.creaf.com/wwwnew/tech/spec/techtele.html
[117] http://www.creaf.com/wwwnew/tech/ftp/ftpinx.html
[118] mailto:support@creaf.com
[119] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/manfs.html#Top
[120] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/manfs.html#Top
[121] http://www.diamondmm.com/
[122] http://www.supra.com/PressReleases/336Announcement.html
[123] http://www.supra.com/
[124] http://www.supra.com/Products.html
[125] http://www.supra.com/336Upgrade/index.html
[126] ftp://ftp.supra.com/pub/
[127] http://www.supra.com/Support/flasher.html
[128] ftp://ftp.supra.com/pub/gen_info/sil_ansr.txt
[129] ftp://ftp.supra.com/pub/windows/file1210.doc
[130] ftp://ftp.supra.com/pub/windows/mdmsupra.inf
[131] ftp://ftp.supra.com/pub/windows/mdmsupra1.inf
[132] mailto:SupraTech@Supra.com
[133] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/manfs.html#Top
[134] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/manfs.html#Top
[135] http://www.e-tech.com/
[136] http://www.e-tech.com/modem.html
[137] http://www.e-tech.com/custsupt.html
[138] http://www.e-tech.com/faq.html
[139] http://www.e-tech.com/driver.html
[140] http://www.e-tech.com/firmware.html
[141] http://www.e-tech.com/suptform.html
[142] mailto:techsupt@e-tech.com
[143] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/manfs.html#Top
[144] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/manfs.html#Top
[145] http://www.elsa.com/Welcome.html
[146] http://www.elsa.com/d/specs/prod_d_e.htm
[147] http://www.elsa.com/support/supprt_e.htm
[148] http://www.elsa.com/support/d/backd_e.htm
[149] http://www.elsa.com/support/d/tipsd_e.htm
[150] http://www.elsa.de/ftp/dir_inc.htm
[151] mailto:support@elsa.com
[152] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/manfs.html#Top
[153] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/manfs.html#Top
[154] http://www.globalcenter.net/
[155] http://www.globalcenter.net/products.html
[156] http://www.globalcenter.net/support.html
[157] http://www.globalcenter.net/cgi-bin/gv.support.pl
[158] mailto:techsupport@globalvillage.com
[159] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/manfs.html#Top
[160] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/manfs.html#Top
[161] http://www.gvc.com.tw/
[162] http://www.gvc.ca/
[163] http://www.gvc.ca/products/modems/
[164] http://www.gvc.ca/service-support.html
[165] http://www.gvc.ca/filelib/
[166] http://www.gvc.ca/service-response.html
[167] mailto:rogue@passport.ca
[168] http://www.maxcorp.com/
[169] http://www.maxcorp.com/product/index.htm
[170] http://www.maxcorp.com/maxhelp/index.htm
[171] http://www.maxcorp.com/ftp/default.htm
[172] mailto:support@maxcorp.com
[173] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/manfs.html#Top
[174] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/manfs.html#Top
[175] http://www.pcweek.com/news/0415/17eform.html
[176] http://www.pcweek.com/news/0415/17ehayes.html
[177] http://www.zdnet.com/intweek/daily/m960410a.html
[178] http://www.zdnet.com/intweek/daily/m960402a.html
[179] http://www.pcweek.com/news/0311/o15ahay.html
[180] http://www.pcweek.com/news/0304/o08phay.html
[181] http://www.pcweek.com/news/0205/o09phay.html
[182] http://www.pcweek.com/archive/960205/pcwk0080.htm
[183] http://www.usr.com/aboutusr/103_01.html
[184] http://www.pcweek.com/news/1023/ohayes27.html
[185] http://www.pcweek.com/news/1023/o2hay25.html
[186] http://www.pcweek.com/news/1009/ohaye13.html
[187] http://www.pcweek.com/news/1002/ohayes3a.html
[188] http://www.diamondmm.com/press-releases/hayesrelease.html
[189] http://www.pcweek.com/news/0925/ohayes29.html
[190] http://www.pcweek.com/news/0918/haye19.html
[191] http://www.pcweek.com/news/0828/hayesf.html
[192] http://www.pcweek.com/news/0828/hayes.html
[193] http://www.pcweek.com/news/0821/m_hayes.html
[194] http://www.pcweek.com/news/0821/boca1.html
[195] http://www.pcweek.com/news/0821/hayes1.html
[196] http://www.hayes.com/
[197] http://www.hayes.com/prodinfo.htm
[198] http://www.hayes.com/techtips.htm
[199] ftp://hayes.com/
[200] ftp://ftp.hayes.com/pub/esp/espwin95.exe
[201] ftp://ftp.hayes.com/pub/modem/user_ref.exe
[202] telnet://hayes.com/
[203] mailto:support@os.hayes.com
[204] http://www.practinet.com/
[205] http://www.practinet.com/products.htm
[206] http://www.practinet.com/faqs.htm
[207] ftp://ftp.practinet.com/pub/
[208] http://www.practinet.com/contact.htm
[209] mailto:support@practinet.com
[210] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/manfs.html#Top
[211] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/manfs.html#Top
[212] http://www.algonet.se/~intertex/
[213] http://www.algonet.se/~intertex/html/info.htm
[214] http://www.algonet.se/~intertex/html/flash.htm
[215] http://www.algonet.se/~intertex/html/download/w95_int.zip
[216] http://www.algonet.se/~intertex/html/download/w95_pow.zip
[217] mailto:intertex@algonet.se
[218] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/manfs.html#Top
[219] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/manfs.html#Top
[220] http://www.logicode.com/
[221] http://www.logicode.com/catalog.html
[222] http://www.logicode.com/catdsvd.html
[223] http://www.logicode.com/catfax.html
[224] http://www.logicode.com/cathigh.html
[225] http://www.logicode.com/catpcmcia.html
[226] http://www.logicode.com/cat24.html
[227] http://www.logicode.com/catvoice.html
[228] http://www.logicode.com/faq.html
[229] http://www.logicode.com/techemail.html
[230] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/manfs.html#Top
[231] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/manfs.html#Top
[232] http://www.megahertz.com/
[233] http://www.megahertz.com/products/index.html
[234] http://www.megahertz.com/support/
[235]
http://www.megahertz.com/cgi-shl/dbml.exe?template=/support/list_firmware.dbm
[236] http://www.megahertz.com/support/tsftplst.html
[237]
http://www.megahertz.com/cgi-shl/dbml.exe?Action=Query&template=/support/showtech.dbm&Number=3008
[238] http://www.megahertz.com/cgi-shl/dbml.exe?template=/support/techlist.dbm
[239] mailto:techsupport@mhz.com
[240] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/manfs.html#Top
[241] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/manfs.html#Top
[242] http://www.microcom.com/
[243] http://www.microcom.com/modems/3_dp288p.htm
[244] http://www.microcom.com/modems/3_dpf.htm
[245] http://www.microcom.com/modems/3_dpff.htm
[246] http://www.microcom.com/modems/dpsserie.htm
[247] http://www.microcom.com/modems/3_tc288p.htm
[248] http://www.microcom.com/modems/3_tcf.htm
[249] http://www.microcom.com/modems/3_tpf.htm
[250] ftp://ftp.microcom.com/pub/modems/
[251] http://www.microcom.com/cgi-bin/mailto-2.pl
[252] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/manfs.html#Top
[253] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/manfs.html#Top
[254] http://www.miro.com/
[255] http://www.miro.com/e/e2-products/products.html#komm
[256] http://www.miro.com/e/e3-drivers/treibere.html#komm
[257] http://www.miro.com/e/e4-tricks/faqe.html#komm
[258] http://www.miro.com/e/e4-tricks/e44-komminication/fbackscome.html
[259] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/manfs.html#Top
[260] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/manfs.html#Top
[261] http://www.mot.com/MIMS/ISG/
[262] http://www.mot.com/MIMS/ISG/Products/V3400/
[263] http://www.mot.com/MIMS/ISG/Products/premier336/
[264] http://www.mot.com/MIMS/ISG/Products/PowerClass28.8/
[265] http://www.mot.com/MIMS/ISG/Products/Lifestyle28.8/
[266] http://www.mot.com/MIMS/ISG/Products/lifestyle288pcmcia/
[267] http://www.mot.com/MIMS/ISG/Products/BSRF/
[268] http://www.mot.com/MIMS/ISG/Products/bitsurfr_pro/
[269] http://www.mot.com/MIMS/ISG/Service_Support/
[270] http://www.mot.com/MIMS/ISG/Service_Support/software.html
[271] http://www.mot.com/pub/MIMS/ISG/
[272] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/manfs.html#Top
[273] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/manfs.html#Top
[274] http://www.multitech.com/
[275] http://www.multitech.com/prods.HTP
[276] http://www.multitech.com/servsupp.htp
[277] http://www.multitech.com/firmware.htp
[278] ftp://ftp.multitech.com/
[279] http://www.multitech.com/indexes/man.htp
[280] http://www.multitech.com/technote.htp
[281] mailto:tsupport@multitech.com
[282] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/manfs.html#Top
[283] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/manfs.html#Top
[284] http://www.netcomm.com.au/
[285] http://www.netcomm.com.au/2_produc/prodlst.htm
[286] http://www.netcomm.com.au/1_servic/techsupp.htm
[287] ftp://ftp.netcomm.com.au/
[288] http://www.netcomm.com.au/1_servic/faq.htm
[289] http://www.netcomm.com.au/3_new/336_.htm
[290] mailto:support@netcomm.com.au
[291] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/manfs.html#Top
[292] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/manfs.html#Top
[293] http://www.novatech.com/
[294] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/manfs.html#Top
[295] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/manfs.html#Top
[296] http://www.ositech.com/
[297] http://www.ositech.com/product/index.htm
[298] http://www.ositech.com/software/index.htm
[299] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/manfs.html#Top
[300] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/manfs.html#Top
[301] http://www.penril.com/
[302] http://web.penril.com/product/prod.html
[303] http://web.penril.com/tech/techtop.html
[304] ftp://ftp.penril.com/pub/modems/
[305] http://web.penril.com/tech/download.html
[306] http://web.penril.com/tech/techtips.html
[307] http://web.penril.com/tech/techform.html
[308] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/manfs.html#Top
[309] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/manfs.html#Top
[310] http://www.spectrumsignal.com/
[311] http://www.spectrumsignal.com/cons.html#v34
[312] http://www.spectrumsignal.com/cons.html#upgrade
[313] http://www.spectrumsignal.com/cons_faq.html
[314] http://www.spectrumsignal.com/company.html#support
[315] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/manfs.html#Top
[316] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/manfs.html#Top
[317] http://www.tdksystems.com/
[318] http://www.tdksystems.com/TDK/Products.htmld/index.html
[319] mailto:answers@tsd.ssi1.com
[320] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/manfs.html#Top
[321] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/manfs.html#Top
[322] http://www.telebit.com/
[323] http://www.telebit.com/ProductS/modems.html
[324] http://www.telebit.com/DocumentS/
[325] http://www.telebit.com/SupporT/ftp.html
[326] mailto:support@telebit.com
[327] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/manfs.html#Top
[328] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/manfs.html#Top
[329] http://www.usr.com/ 
[330] ftp://ftp.usr.com/usr/
[331] ftp://ftp.usr.com/usr/dl07/
[332] ftp://ftp.usr.com/usr/dl07/dsvd-sdl.exe
[333] ftp://ftp.usr.com/usr/dl07/sportv34.txt
[334] ftp://ftp.usr.com/usr/dl07/sphsasci.zip
[335] ftp://ftp.usr.com/usr/dl07/sphsword.zip
[336] ftp://ftp.usr.com/usr/dl07/sphshelp.zip
[337] ftp://ftp.usr.com/usr/dl07/mdmusrsp.inf
[338] ftp://ftp.usr.com/usr/dl07/mdmusrvi.inf
[339] ftp://ftp.usr.com/usr/dl05/
[340] ftp://ftp.usr.com/usr/dl05/v34man.zip
[341] ftp://ftp.usr.com/usr/dl05/usrsdl.exe
[342] ftp://ftp.usr.com/usr/dl05/mdmusrcr.inf
[343] ftp://ftp.usr.com/usr/dl05/mdmusrim.inf
[344] mailto:Support@USR.com
[345] mailto:Sales@USR.com
[346] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/manfs.html#Top
[347] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/manfs.html#Top
[348] http://www.zoomtel.com/
[349] http://www.zoomtel.com/products.html
[350] http://www.zoomtel.com/files.html
[351] http://www.zoomtel.com/tech-sup.html
[352] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/manfs.html#Top
[353] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/manfs.html#Top
[354] http://www.zyxel.com/
[355] ftp://ftp.csie.nctu.edu.tw/pub/vendors/ZyXEL/0-readme
[356] http://www.zyxel.com/html/datasheets/brochure.html
[357] http://www.zyxel.com/html/datasheets/v34/elite.html
[358] http://www.zyxel.com/html/datasheets/v34/omni288s.html
[359] http://www.zyxel.com/html/tech.html
[360] http://www.zyxel.com/html/manuals/2864.pdf
[361] http://www.zyxel.com/html/tech/elite/install-tips/install-tips.html
[362] http://www.zyxel.com/html/tech/elite/drivers/zyppi.zip
[363] http://www.zyxel.com/html/tech/elite/drivers/win95inf.zip
[364] http://www.zyxel.com/html/tech/elite/drivers/winntinf.zip
[365] http://www.zyxel.com/html/e_112.zip
[366] ftp://www.zyxel.com/pub/elite/2864I/firmware/ei_201.zip
[367] ftp://ftp.zyxel.co.at/pub/users/zyxel/
[368] ftp://ftp.csie.nctu.edu.tw/pub/vendors/ZyXEL/
[369] ftp://ftp.zyxel.com/
[370] mailto:tech@zyxel.com
[371] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/manfs.html#Top
[372] http://www.aimnet.com/~jnavas/modem/manfs.html#Top

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