       Document 0745
 DOCN  M9640745
 TI    Bacteremia in hospitalized patients infected with the human
       immunodeficiency virus: a case-control study of risk factors and
       outcome.
 DT    9604
 AU    Fichtenbaum CJ; Dunagan WC; Powderly WG; Department of Internal
       Medicine, Washington University School of; Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
       63110, USA.
 SO    J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol. 1995 Jan 1;8(1):51-7. Unique
       Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96142200
 AB    We reviewed all episodes of nonmycobacterial bacteremias in human
       immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients from 1990 to 1991 to
       determine the incidence, risk factors, and outcome. Forty-five patients
       had a total of 63 episodes of bacteremia (9% of 689 HIV-related
       hospitalizations). In this cohort, the median CD4+ lymphocyte count was
       17 cells/mm3, 71% had AIDS, and 78% were homosexual men. The most
       frequently isolated bacteria were Staphylococcus aureus (25%) and
       coagulase-negative staphylococci (22%). The most common site of
       infection was intravenous catheter-related, accounting for 35% of the
       bacteremias. Compared to HIV-infected, nonbacteremic controls, patients
       with bacteremia detected at admission were more likely to have an
       indwelling intravenous catheter (p = 0.003) and less likely to be likely
       zidovudine (p = 0.04). The overall in-hospital mortality rate was 24%.
       There was no significant difference in the in-hospital mortality rates
       in bacteremic patients with or without HIV infection. Seventeen patients
       had more than one episode of bacteremia (71% had recurrence with the
       same organism). We conclude that bacteremia is a significant problem in
       HIV-infected persons with low CD4+ lymphocyte counts, often related to
       the presence of an intravenous catheter; recurrence is common. In
       addition, HIV infection does not appear to increase the mortality rate
       for bacteremia.
 DE    Adult  Aged  Bacteremia/EPIDEMIOLOGY/*ETIOLOGY  Bacterial
       Infections/EPIDEMIOLOGY/*ETIOLOGY  Case-Control Studies
       Catheterization, Central Venous/ADVERSE EFFECTS  Cohort Studies  CD4
       Lymphocyte Count  CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/IMMUNOLOGY  Female
       *Hospitalization  Human  HIV Infections/*COMPLICATIONS/IMMUNOLOGY
       *HIV-1  Incidence  Male  Middle Age  Missouri/EPIDEMIOLOGY  Recurrence
       Risk Factors  Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.  Survival Rate  Treatment
       Outcome  JOURNAL ARTICLE

       SOURCE: National Library of Medicine.  NOTICE: This material may be
       protected by Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.Code).

