       Document 0761
 DOCN  M9640761
 TI    Increased expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha receptors in the
       brains of patients with AIDS.
 DT    9604
 AU    Sippy BD; Hofman FM; Wallach D; Hinton DR; Department of Pathology,
       University of Southern California School; of Medicine, Los Angeles
       90033, USA.
 SO    J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol. 1995 Dec 15;10(5):511-21.
       Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96142213
 AB    Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha has been shown to be increased in
       brain tissue of AIDS patients and may function as a mediator of cerebral
       damage. We initiated a study to determine the cellular localization and
       degree of protein and mRNA expression of the two specific TNF-alpha
       receptors (TNF-Rs), p55 and p75, in brain tissues from AIDS patients.
       Cerebral white matter obtained at autopsy from 13 AIDS patients, 10
       unhealthy controls, and 4 healthy controls was evaluated. Double-label
       immunohistochemistry revealed prominent up-regulation of p55 and p75
       TNF-Rs on activated macrophages and microglial cells in all AIDS
       patients; no increased staining was found on astrocytes. Staining was
       most prominent in patients with opportunistic infection of the brain and
       in microglial nodules of patients with HIV encephalitis. Brain tissues
       also showed increased expression of interleukin (IL)-1 beta, IL-6, and
       TNF-alpha, cytokines known to up-regulate the TNF-Rs. Increased staining
       for TNF-Rs was also found in patients with multiple sclerosis, chronic
       cerebral edema, and radiation necrosis but not in an asymptomatic
       HIV-positive patient without AIDS. Reverse transcriptase polymerase
       chain reaction performed on adjacent sections from five AIDS patients
       revealed up-regulation from normal for p55 in all patients and for p75
       in three patients. The up-regulation of both TNF-Rs in AIDS suggests
       that macrophages and microglial cells may be important in amplifying the
       TNF-alpha response.
 DE    Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/COMPLICATIONS/*METABOLISM/  PATHOLOGY
       Adult  Antigens, CD/*BIOSYNTHESIS/GENETICS  AIDS Dementia
       Complex/ETIOLOGY/METABOLISM/PATHOLOGY  Brain/*METABOLISM/PATHOLOGY
       Comparative Study  Electrophoresis, Agar Gel  Fluorescent Antibody
       Technique  Human  Immunoenzyme Techniques  Interleukin-1/BIOSYNTHESIS
       Interleukin-6/BIOSYNTHESIS  Macrophage Activation
       Macrophages/METABOLISM  Middle Age  Neuroglia/METABOLISM  Polymerase
       Chain Reaction  Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor/*BIOSYNTHESIS/GENETICS
       RNA, Messenger/BIOSYNTHESIS  Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.  Tumor Necrosis
       Factor/BIOSYNTHESIS  Up-Regulation (Physiology)  JOURNAL ARTICLE

       SOURCE: National Library of Medicine.  NOTICE: This material may be
       protected by Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.Code).

