














                      *=- -=*=- -=*=- -=*=- -=*=- -=*=- -=*
                      *                                   *
                      *           USERS  MANUAL           *
                      *                                   *
                      *                for                *
                      *                                   *
                      *         NAVIGATE vers 4.0         *
                      *                                   *
                      *=- -=*=- -=*=- -=*=- -=*=- -=*=- -=*






                             FLIGHT PLAN PROGRAM for
                       point to point aeroplane navigation
                   Copyright (c) 1986,87,88,89   NAVIGATE Inc.




















                                 NAVIGATE Inc.
                                 P.O. Box 4493
                            Thousand Oaks, CA  91359


                                  USERS MANUAL                     Page 2


                               TABLE OF CONTENTS

        INTRODUCTION .................................................  3

        SHAREWARE AGREEMENT ..........................................  5

        HELP4 (Command summary for each screen) ......................  6

        DEFINITIONS used in this manual .............................. 12

        README4 (getting started & program FLOWCHART)................. 13

        SIGN-ON screen ............................................... 16

        PRIMARY DEFAULTS screen ...................................... 17

        AIRPLANE FILES (selecting & editing) ......................... 18

        PROGRAM CONTROL MENU (commands & toggles) .................... 22

        MANAGEMENT OF THE DATA FILES ................................. 23

        Using YOURDATA.DAT (and YOURDATA.EXE) ........................ 25

        WIND ENTRY screen (and WIND TABLE) ........................... 28

        WAYPOINT ENTRY screen ........................................ 30

        FLIGHT PLAN screen ........................................... 32

        FLIGHT PLAN print out ........................................ 33

        OPTIONS MENU ................................................. 34

        NO-WIND FLIGHT PLAN & FUEL DISPLAY IN POUNDS ................. 35

        SEARCHING FOR UNKNOWN IDENTIFIERS or CITY NAMES .............. 36

        MANUAL ENTRY OF WAYPOINT DATA (& YOURDATA.DAT) ............... 38

        MORE OPTIONS MENU ............................................ 41

        NAVAIDS in Canada & Alaska ................................... 42

        OTHER FILES on the distribution disks ........................ 43

        COPYING FILES ................................................ 43

        TO RBBS SYSOPS ............................................... 45

        GETTING HELP WITH THE PROGRAM ................................ 45

        THE LAST PAGE--from NAVIGATE Inc. ............................ 46

        REGISTRATION & ORDER FORM .................................... 47

        COMMENT FORM ................................................. 48


                                  USERS MANUAL                     Page 3


                                  INTRODUCTION

        NAVIGATE will produce a Flight Plan [see Page 32] with or without 
        wind.  The only required inputs from the user are Cruise Altitude 
        and  Waypoint  Identifiers.   Wind input is  optional.   If  wind 
        inputs  are used,  a Flight Plan may be generated with or without 
        wind calculations.   A typical Flight Plan with 8 waypoints  will 
        be produced in about 10 seconds.

        The   program   automatically  "starts  up"  with   an   airplane 
        performance  file of the users choice.   Other airplane files may 
        be selected at any time, and new airplane files may be created as 
        needed.   Values within the "airplane file in use" may be changed 
        to test different performance values on the present Flight Plan.  

        The data files cover the contiguous U.S. and Alaska. Included are 
        all published Navaids (VHF & NDB),  all public airports, and many 
        private   airports.    Navaids  for  Canada  are  also  included.  
        Waypoints  are  automatically  found by giving  the  program  the 
        appropriate  1  to 4 character  identifier.   In  addition,  user 
        entered waypoint data may be used,  and this data may be saved to 
        disk.   Data  saved in this manner may be accessed by  subsequent 
        Flight Plans.  Routes may also be saved to disk.

        A  help file may be called from within the program  which  covers 
        the commands available in each menu, and explains the Flight Plan 
        print out.

        Search  routines are built into the program to locate Station  or 
        Airport Identifier codes,  City Name(s), and State for any string 
        of characters.   The data files are called WEST, EAST and ALASKA.  
        These  files are sorted alphabetically by City Name,  and may  be 
        printed out for a hard copy reference.

        Further explanation of these, and other features will be found in 
        the following pages.

        The Shareware Agreement follows this introduction.  Then a 6-page 
        summary  of all the program commands,  and a reproduction of  the 
        README4  file  which describes initial set-up  instructions,  and 
        running the program for the first time.

        +-----------------------------------------------------------------+
        |  Information  depicted  in this box indicates  what  you  will  |
        |  actually see on your CRT when the program is running, and you  |
        |  will  be  able to duplicate these screens with  the  program.  |
        +-----------------------------------------------------------------+

        Beneath the screen display is an explanation of its meaning.

        +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
        Below  the "+" signs additional (technical) information is  given 
        which is usually not essential for operation of the program.


                                  USERS MANUAL                     Page 4


                               INTRODUCTION cont'd

        NAVIGATE is not copy protected in any way.  You should be able to 
        copy  all  the files to any disk format,  on any  IBM  compatible 
        machine using a diskcopy utility,  modem, or null cable.  You may 
        also copy all the files to a hard drive.  If you use a hard drive 
        you  should install all the "A" and "B" drive files [see Page 13] 
        onto the same drive (usually "C") and subdirectory.


        What machines will NAVIGATE run on?

             Any  IBM  or IBM compatible with 256k of  memory,  two  disk 
             drives (recommended) or a hard drive.   See the README4 file 
             [Page 14]  for suggested positioning of the program files on 
             your disks.

             A  special  abbreviated  version is available for the  older
             CP/M  systems on request.   Specific information on  machine 
             type and disk format is required to fill these orders.


        What machines will NAVIGATE not run on?
                      Apple
                      Commodore 64
                      Atari
             The  disk  formats  of these machines is  different  due  to 
             hardware incompatibility.   In addition,  NAVIGATE will only 
             run under IBM MS-DOS or the CP/M operating system.


        What will NAVIGATE not do?
             NAVIGATE will not warn you of illegal or unsafe routings.
             NAVIGATE will not warn you of illegal or unsafe altitudes.
             NAVIGATE will not provide you with terrain clearance.
             NAVIGATE will not warn you of  restricted  airspace,  TCA's, 
                      ARSA's, ATA's etc.
             NAVIGATE will  not know if the airplane performance  values, 
                      fuel capacity,  burn rates,  etc. you have given it 
                      are valid or invalid.
             NAVIGATE will not provide minimum fuel reserves.
             NAVIGATE will  not  know  if waypoint data  is  correct,  if 
                      Airports are legal, if Navaids have been relocated, 
                      frequencies or idents changed, etc.
             NAVIGATE will not make flight planning  decisions which  are 
                      the responsibility of the Pilot in Command.

        NAVIGATE will produce fast and accurate Flight Plans based on the 
             information you give it.  You will be able to evaluate these 
             Flight  Plans  and  choose the one  which  best  suits  your 
             requirements.


                                  USERS MANUAL                     Page 5


                               SHAREWARE AGREEMENT

        If you find this program useful, please become a Registered User.  
        Maintaining  NAVIGATE  is an intensive project and we  need  your 
        support  to  keep  the cost as low as  possible.  A  registration 
        form is included at the end of this manual,  or you may print out 
        the form from the file ORDER.FRM.

        NAVIGATE  is ShareWare.   This means you may copy these files and 
        give copies to others, with only two restrictions:
             1) The files must not be altered in any way.
             2) Copies  must  include  ALL the  member  files,  including
                the CRC file (CRCKLIST.400).  Copies which do not include
                the CRC file are considered invalid copies.
        Feel free to use this program until you are familiar enough  with 
        it  to  make a decision to register and  continue  using  it,  or 
        discontinue using it.   If you don't like the program,  pitch it!  

        REGISTRATION
        The  registration fee of $36.00 entitles you to three  Data  Base 
        updates.   The  most  current  Data  Base will  be  sent  to  you 
        immediately  upon  registration,  the  next two  will  follow  at 
        approximately 1 year intervals.  Future versions of NAVIGATE will 
        be  included during your active registration  period.  Subsequent 
        updates are planned to be offered for $12 per year.   The Navaids 
        file is updated annually,  and is available after January 1.  The 
        Airport files are updated less frequently.   Registered Users are 
        entitled  to assistance in using the program,  and access to  the 
        RBBS  (Remote  Bulletin  Board System) via  modem.   Updates  and 
        assistance are not available to unregistered users.

        DISCLAIMER & COPYRIGHT
        This manual and accompanying program files are  Copyrighted.   No 
        one  is  authorized to sell this manual or program files  in  any 
        form.   Normal  charges for transmitting these program files  via 
        computer data base (including electronic bulletin boards) or U.S. 
        mail will not be considered to be sales.  This manual and program 
        files  are intended for individual users and may not be used  for 
        any commercial purpose.  

        The  NAVIGATE files are available "AS IS" without warranty of any 
        kind.  It is the users responsibility to determine the fitness of 
        the  program  for his particular needs.   Continued  use  of  the 
        program  will  indicate that the user has tested the program  and 
        has  verified  that  its  accuracy  and  reliability  are  within 
        acceptable tolerance for its intended use.  You must not use this 
        program without reading the manual. You must not use this program 
        unless  you have the ability to manually reproduce the  program's 
        outputs.   You must read and understand the warning message which 
        is  displayed  when  the  program  signs  on.    There  are  also 
        cautionary  messages  throughout  this  manual  relating  to  the 
        various program functions.  There may be errors in the data bases 
        which could cause totally unpredictable results.   There may also 
        be bugs in the program which have not yet been detected.   If you 
        don't have the time to learn how the program works and understand 
        its restrictions, or if you have not developed the skill level in 
        flight planning to recognize errors if they appear in the  Flight 
        Plan, then don't use this program.


                                  USERS MANUAL                     Page 6


                                  HELP vers 4.0                   HELP4-1
                
                     Quick command summary for NAVIGATE vers 4.0
             This summary briefly describes the features of each screen
          (this is a reproduction of HELP4 -- may be called from program)

         ---> <RET> means hit your RETURN key or ENTER key
         ---> See MANUAL4 [Page 32] for an example Flight Plan.
         ---> See MANUAL4 [Page 15] for a program flowchart.
         ---> To print a copy of HELP4 (or view it on your CRT) return to
              System (DOS) and run HELP4.EXE (enter HELP4 <RET>).
        Note: README4 explains  getting  started with  the  program,  and 
              initial  set-up  information.  Run README4.EXE to view  the 
              README4 file on your CRT or to send a copy to your printer.
              From the DOS prompt enter README4 <RET> for instructions.
        Note: One  "Start-up"  airplane file may be designated.  Airplane 
              files  may  be  edited.   Use the <L>ist  option  from  the 
              PRIMARY DEFAULTS screen to list airplane files or enter the 
              Edit mode.
        Note: Most  choices are selected with UPPERcase letters,  as  are 
              most waypoint identifiers.   There are some exceptions--see 
              MANUAL4 for details.
        Note: Search  routines are built into the program to find  Navaid 
              or Airport identifiers,  city names,  etc.   These routines 
              search EAST, WEST, or other files. FIND.EXE (a DOS utility) 
              may also be used.  Hard copy of WEST & EAST may be printed.

                       USING THE BUILT-IN SEARCH ROUTINES              
         The built-in search routines will search WEST, EAST, or ALASKA
           These files contain Identifier codes, City Name(s), & State
          Any characters O.K. (letters/numbers)--normally use UPPERcase
             Examples: SAN D  ...will find SAN Diego  (search WEST)
                       CAGO   ...will find ChiCAGO    (search EAST)
           ...................................                           ..
           : ALASKA (6K)(airports only)  :  :...........             ...:  :
          :                              :             :....       ..:    .:
         :                               :                  :......:     :
        :           WEST (80K)           :                               :
        :                                :          EAST (98K)         ..:
        :       AZ CA CO ID KS MT        :.                            :
         :      ND NE NM NV OK OR         :    AL AR CT DE FL GA IA   :
          :     SD TX UT WA WY &          :    IL IN KY LA MA MD ME   :
           :    navaids only for          :    MI MN MO MS NC NH NJ   :
            :.  ALASKA    CANADA          :    NY OH PA RI SC TN    . :
              :...                        :    VA VT WI WV        .:
                  :....                   :..                   .:
                       :.......             :                   :
        FIND.EXE               :.           :        ..........  :
        (a DOS utility) may     :.....      :........:         :  :
        also be used.  Consult        :   ..:                   :  :
        your DOS manual or MANUAL4     :.:                       :.:

        SIGN-ON SCREEN  [Page 16]
           Displays cautionary notes about the program (a short pause  is 
           built in,  hit any key to bypass the pause).  Hit <ESC>ape  to 
           freeze the screen if you need more time to read it.


                                  USERS MANUAL                     Page 7


        PRIMARY DEFAULTS  [Page 17]                               HELP4-2
           Use  Knots,  Gallons,  Gallons per Hour:  Mph,  Lbs & Pph  are
           calculated and displayed automatically. ^F to switch to pounds.

           Wind toggle is (OFF) - Wind Table winds will not be used.
                          (ON)  - Wind Table winds will be used.
            CES172.APL  - CES172.APL (Cessna 172) in use.
           <L>ist files - "L" for airplane list and access to the <E>dit
                          routines.  Program Start-up (default) settings 
                          are set from the <E>dit mode.
           <A> thru <I> - Values as appropriate.
                        - These  values may be changed...changes are  not  
                          stored to disk, but they remain in effect until
                          changed again,  or the program is restarted.
           <P>          - Call PROGRAM CONTROL MENU 
           <W>          - Enter winds,  change existing winds, turn winds 
                          ON or OFF.
           <RET>urn     - Call Waypoint Entry Screen

        MORE OPTIONS: ^D - set fuel Density (default 6.0 Ppg)
                      ^F - Fuel pounds/gallons (toggle)
                      ^Q - Quit program (<Q>uit also works)
                      ^W - WIND TABLE (edit wind table ..<W>ind also works)

        PROGRAM CONTROL COMMANDS & TOGGLES  [Page 22]

        ^ means CTRL (Control key)
           TOGGLES
           ^L  -  Lat/Lon/Var  displayed or not displayed on  Flight Plan
           ^N  -  NAVAIDS.DAT file ON/OFF (normally ON):  all the navaids 
                  in the contiguous U.S. + Canada and Alaska.
           ^A  -  AIRPORT1.DAT  file ON/OFF (normally  ON):  most of  the 
                  airports in the contiguous U.S. (no Canada or Alaska)
           ^X  -  AIRPORTX.DAT  file ON/OFF (normally OFF):  most of  the 
                  airports in Alaska.  Future airport files will be added
                  here.  Normally OFF unless you operate in these areas.
           ^Y  -  YOURDATA.DAT  file ON/OFF (normally ON).  Contains user  
                  entered   waypoints.    Must  be ON  for   program   to 
                  access these waypoints.
           ^W  -  Write  user entered waypoints to YOURDATA.DAT (normally
                  OFF).   If  you have entered  waypoints  manually,  the
                  program will give you an opportunity to save them--this
                  toggle   should   normally  be  off  so  that  unwanted 
                  waypoints are not saved to YOURDATA.DAT.
           Note:  If you have reason to remove a data file from disk, you
                  may do so if you set its toggle to OFF.

          <H>elp    - Puts HELP4 (this file) on the screen. Return to the 
                      program at any time.
          <R>estart - Restarts program, resets everything (clean slate)
          <Q>uit    - Quits program (^Q also works)
          <ESC>ape  - Escapes to PRIMARY DEFAULTS Screen

        MORE OPTIONS: ^Q - Quit program (<Q>uit also works)


                                  USERS MANUAL                     Page 8


        WIND ENTRY SCREEN  [Page 28]                              HELP4-3
           Enter winds for up to 20 stations
           Enter winds in TRUE direction and KNOTS
           Program converts winds to MAGNETIC direction automatically.
           You may enter ANY station's winds, even if they will not be on
             your  Flight  Plan,  however,  the  flight  plan  will  only
             use  WIND TABLE  entries which match flight plan  waypoints.

         Note: After checking the WIND TABLE, the program fills in a wind  
               entry  for  every  waypoint in the Flight  Plan  by  back-
               filling, forward-filling, or interpolating, as appropriate
               --see MANUAL4 for details.
         Note: If you enter KLAX,  the wind is stored under LAX (the  "K" 
               is removed automatically).  Then if you use KLAX (airport) 
               or LAX (VOR) in your Flight Plan, the winds for "LAX" will 
               be  used  in both cases.   The "K"  is  NOT  automatically 
               removed from identifiers such as K08, KS04, KIC, etc.

        WIND TABLE OPTIONS  [Page 28]
          <A>dd more winds to table (appends to bottom of present winds)
          <C>hange/correct a wind entry - change any entry by line number
          <E>nter new winds - clears WIND TABLE (clean slate)
          <P>rint hard copy of WIND TABLE
          <W>ind toggle is (ON) - turn winds ON/OFF
          <ESC>ape (terminate wind entry)

        WAYPOINT ENTRY  [Page 30]
           The  only  inputs  required are CRUISE ALTITUDE  and  WAYPOINT 
              identifiers (1 to 4 characters).
           Cruise Altitude is entered in feet.  Using <RET> with no entry 
              defaults  to  5000 ft.  If you enter "0" the climb  profile 
              will  be  suppressed  (Flight Plan will start  out  at  the 
              selected cruise altitude, with cruise speed and cruise fuel 
              burn).   Normally, the climb profile is calculated based on 
              departure elevation,  cruise altitude, rate of climb, climb 
              speed,  and climb burn.  The climb segment continues  until 
              cruise altitude is reached,  even if a waypoint(s) has been 
              passed--Ground  Speed is average GS and reflects any  climb 
              which  occurred in that segment.   Descents are  calculated 
              based on cruise altitude,  destination elevation,  rate  of 
              descent, and descent burn at cruise speed.

             <RET>  (RETurn) enters each waypoint
        <RET><RET>  after the last waypoint generates the Flight Plan.
               <->  removes  previously  entered  waypoint.   Another "-" 
                    removes the next previous, and so on.
             <ESC>  may be entered at any time to cancel all entries, and 
                    return to the PRIMARY DEFAULTS Screen.
               ^R   select Route from Route file (.RTE) list.
                ?   in-place-of Waypoint identifier activates name search.

           20 waypoints  maximum are allowed--program will  automatically 
              generate a Flight Plan after the 20th waypoint is  entered.
           UPPERcase  characters (letters/numbers) are used  in  the data 
              files  (lowercase  will generate a "NO  FIND").  There  are 
              exceptions  (YOURDATA.DAT is one)  which  may  contain  any 
              combination of uppercase,   lowercase,  or numbers  (1 to 4 
              characters). See MANUAL4 for details.


                                  USERS MANUAL                     Page 9


           Notes about Airports & Navaids and the data files...   HELP4-4
              The data files are searched in the following order:
                 NAVAIDS.DAT  AIRPORT1.DAT  AIRPORTX.DAT  YOURDATA.DAT
              The search stops when the waypoint is found.  Exception  is 
              the  FIRST and LAST waypoint-->the airport files are ALWAYS 
              searched after NAVAIDS.DAT.   The coordinates displayed are 
              from  NAVAIDS.DAT  and only the elevation is used from  the 
              airport  file.  You  may force the Airport  coordinates  by 
              preceding the identifier with "K" (KLAX in place of LAX).

           Waypoints  are displayed as they are found.  A "NO FIND"  will
           give you the opportunity to:
                 <C>orrect the entry (maybe made a typo?)
                 <E>nter coordinates (enter waypoint data manually)
                 <R>etart (enter all waypoints again)
                 <S>earch for name/identifier

        MANUAL WAYPOINT DATA  [Page 38]
           Manual waypoint data is entered as:
              (1) Latitude, Longitude, and Variation or
              (2) Magnetic  DIRECTION,  DISTANCE  (Nautical  miles),  and 
                  Variation. Frequency and Elevation entries are optional  
                  (make no entry and hit <RET> to cause a null entry). If 
                  a  Variation  value  is  not  entered,   the   previous 
                  waypoint's  variation value is used automatically (make 
                  no entry and hit <RET> to cause this result).

              If  waypoint data is entered as in (2) above,  Latitude and
              Longitude  are  AUTOMATICALLY  calculated  and  stored   in 
              memory.   The program will give you an opportunity (prompt) 
              later on to save this data to YOURDATA.DAT. If the write to 
              YOURDATA.DAT  toggle  was  already  on,   this  will  occur 
              automatically.   This data must be saved after returning to 
              the PRIMARY DEFAULTS Screen or it will be lost.  Data saved 
              may be used in subsequent flight plans.

          *** Note:  manual  data  entry  in (1) and (2)  above  requires 
              understanding  Station  Declination.    Possible  error  is 
              usually  small in case (1),  however in case (2) the  error 
              can  be  significant,  especially if you  are  creating  an 
              accurate  data  base  of your own:  if you  input  accurate 
              angle,  distance,  and variation values,  the program  will 
              calculate  precise  Latitude  and  Longitude.   A  complete 
              explanation is included in the manual (MANUAL4).

         Case (1) - Enter  Latitude,  Longitude,  and PUBLISHED  Magnetic   
              Variation (if none is published,  use actual variation from 
              a current chart).
         Case (2) - Enter Magnetic Direction from the nearest VOR compass  
              rose on your chart (measure  the  angle carefully) to  your 
              waypoint.  Enter  the  distance in Nautical miles  to  your 
              waypoint. For Variation hit <RET> with no Variation entry--
              this will force the program to pick up the variation of the 
              previous  waypoint (it should be a VOR station).    You may 
              build a "DUMMY" Flight Plan to accurately create  waypoints 
              and  save  them to YOURDATA.DAT.  Then generate the  actual 
              Flight  Plan letting the program find the "new"   waypoints 
              in YOURDATA.DAT.


                                  USERS MANUAL                    Page 10


        FLIGHT PLAN  [Page 32]                                    HELP4-5
           "-----"   in the FREQ column means no frequency found
           MC      - No-wind Magnetic Course from the previous waypoint
                     to the present waypoint.
           DIST    - Nautical miles
           ETE     - Estimated Time Enroute
           ETA/ATA - Estimated/Actual Time of Arrival
           USED    - Gallons/pounds used
           FOB     - Fuel On Board (remaining)
           GS      - Ground Speed (average) for this segment
           WIND    - MAGNETIC direction and velocity (knots)
           WCA     - Wind Correction Angle (average) to hold the MC, from
                     the previous waypoint to the present waypoint.
           LAT/LON - Expressed in DEGREES, MINUTES and DECIMAL MINUTES
           VAR     - Magnetic Variation
           e57     - Elevation = 57 ft.

           The last GS entry is the average for the entire flight.

           <P>rint   - Prints a hard copy (print out) of the Flight Plan.
                       Additional  data is displayed on the bottom of the
                       hard  copy--this  is  essentially  the  same  data
                       displayed on the OPTIONS MENU screen and serves as
                       a  reminder of the parameters used  in  generating
                       the Flight Plan.
           <O>ptions - Calls the OPTIONS MENU
           <ESC>ape  - Returns  to  the  PRIMARY  DEFAULTS  Screen.   All
                       waypoints  are cleared and all defaults are  reset
                       to PRIMARY DEFAULTS Screen values.

        MORE OPTIONS: ^C - Condensed/normal print sent to printer (toggle)
                           <Epson and Epson compatible printers only>
                      ^E - Eject page from printer

        OPTIONS MENU  [Page 34]
           Allows  you to change the present Flight Plan  parameters  and 
           generate  new Flight Plans without re-entering the  waypoints. 
           From this screen you can "WHAT IF" as many Flight Plans as you 
           wish  to see how each change affects the present Flight  Plan.  
           The present waypoints will not be lost until you return to the 
           PRIMARY  DEFAULTS  Screen.

           <W>ind is (ON) - turn wind ON/OFF (toggle)
           <M>ake new FLIGHT PLAN (using these parameters)
           <S>how MORE OPTIONS - calls the MORE OPTIONS menu
           <ESC>ape to PRIMARY DEFAULTS screen

        MORE OPTIONS: ^F - Fuel pounds/gallons (toggle)
                      ^R - Reverse present route (return trip)
                      ^W - WIND TABLE (edit wind table)


                                  USERS MANUAL                    Page 11


        MORE OPTIONS menu                                         HELP4-6
           Options  listed  below may be activated/deactivated from  this 
           menu.   When allowed from other menus, they are highlighted in 
           reverse-video on the bottom line of the screen.

           ^C - Condensed/normal print sent to printer (toggle)
           ^D - set fuel Density (default 6.0 Ppg)
           ^E - Eject page from printer
           ^F - Fuel pounds/gallons (toggle)
           ^Q - Quit program (<Q>uit also works)
           ^R - save present Route to disk
           ^W - WIND TABLE (edit wind table)

        Note: Route file control (^R) has three possible functions:
            WAYPOINT ENTRY    - select Route from Route file (.RTE) list
            OPTIONS menu      - reverse present Route (return trip)
            MORE OPTIONS menu - save present Route to disk


        If you find this program useful,  please register.   We need your 
        support  to continue the ShareWare concept of marketing,  and  to 
        keep the cost of this program as low as possible. As a Registered 
        User you will automatically receive data base updates,  and later 
        versions of NAVIGATE when they are released.  You may print out a 
        copy  of the Order/Registration Form (ORDER.FRM) on your  printer 
        by hitting ^P (Control-P) then entering TYPE ORDER.FRM <RET>.

        Many User suggestions have been implemented into this version  of 
        NAVIGATE,  and we want to hear from you.   Please send questions, 
        comments,  suggestions, corrections to the data base, bugs found, 
        etc. to:
                                   NAVIGATE Inc.
                                   P.O. Box 4493
                              Thousand Oaks, CA  91359

           Please read the manual (MANUAL4) before using this program

        =============================  END ==============================


                                  USERS MANUAL                    Page 12


                         DEFINITIONS used in this manual


        RULE: This  program  only recognizes UPPERcase  letters--this  is     
              true for everything (waypoint entry,  menu options,  etc.).       
              Therefore,  set  your "CAPS LOCK" or equivalent key to "on"       
              and leave it on. The reason for this is that the data bases 
              are  built almost entirely with UPPERcase characters. There 
              are exceptions (YOURDATA.DAT is one) where lowercase  could 
              be  used--these  exceptions  are explained  later.  If  you 
              forget,  you will get a reminder from the PRIMARY  DEFAULTS 
              screen, to switch to UPPERcase.
              
        The following definitions are used throughout this manual...

        <RET> means  hit "CARRIAGE RETURN",  "RETURN",  "ENTER", or  the
             appropriately labeled key on your computer.

        <ESC> means hit the "ESCAPE" key.

        CTRL-X or ^X means to hold down the CONTROL key while hitting the 
             letter indicated ("X" in this case).
         
        <P>rint  means to hit the letter within the "<>";  in  this  case
             hitting "P" would activate the "Print" option.   Most of the
             "options"  in the program are "single  keystroke"  commands,
             that  is,  the "option" will activate the moment the key  is
             pressed.

        Enter TYPE MANUAL4 <RET>  means  to type  everything  in  CAPITAL      
             letters and then hit <RET>.  Another way to look at this  is      
             to type "TYPE MANUAL4" (don't type the quotes) and then  hit 
             <RET>.

        Running .EXE (or .COM) files (NAV4.EXE, etc.)
             Type all characters to the left of the decimal  point,  then      
             hit <RET>. Example: to run NAV4.EXE type NAV4 <RET>.       

        Viewing files on your CRT
             Many files can be viewed on your CRT and may also be sent to      
             your  printer.   Use  the "TYPE" function from  within  your 
             operating system to do this.  Example:  to view MANUAL4 type 
             TYPE MANUAL4 <RET>   and  if  you  also  wish  to  send  the      
             file to your printer hit CTRL-P before hitting the <RET>.

             Note:  "overlay" files (.OVL) are actually pure text (ASCII) 
             files  and they could be viewed on your CRT or sent to  your 
             printer as described above.   However,  these .OVL files are 
             actually  meant to be used by the program,  so they  contain 
             some  additional  "formatting"  characters  along  the  left 
             margin.   All  .OVL  files are more easily viewed  by  using 
             their companion "EXE" file.   (example: to view README4.OVL, 
             type  README4 <RET>,  and README4.EXE will display or  print 
             out the file automatically.


                                  USERS MANUAL                    Page 13


        --> 11/15/89                README4
                     (this is a reproduction of README4.OVL)

        The following explains how to organize your NAVIGATE system disks 
        and how to run the program.   The program files normally occupy 3 
        low density disks (360k each).  Disk-A & Disk-B are needed to run 
        the  program.   Disk-C  contains the Users Manual  (MANUAL4)  and 
        other files which are not necessary for the program to run.

        Note: <RET> means to hit the RETurn key or the Enter key.

        To run the program...  type: NAV4 <RET>
        To quit the program... Q or ^Q (CONTROL Q)

        MEMORY REQUIREMENTS
           IBM  and  IBM compatibles with 256K  have  sufficient  memory.  
           There should be enough room for NAVIGATE, DOS and (possibly) a 
           memory-resident  program  or  two.  We have had  reports  that 
           SideKick  works OK.   There may be problems with some  memory-
           resident programs.   If you experience anything unusual,  kill 
           your  memory-resident programs and try NAVIGATE without  them.  
           We  have had problems with the built-in resident  programs  in 
           the  NEC  laptop (run KILL640R,  then run  KILLPOP  to  remove 
           them).   Using  DOS 3.30 is the best way to eliminate all  the 
           problems (should work for any machine experiencing problems).

        DISK DRIVE REQUIREMENTS
           720k of disk space is required to use all program features:
              (2) 360k low density disk drives or...
              (1) 720k or higher density disk drive or...
              (1) Hard drive

        IF YOU RECEIVED YOUR DISKS DIRECTLY FROM NAVIGATE Inc.
           The  disks are ready to run,  but you should make copies,  and 
           run  the copies,  not the originals.   If you have an  earlier 
           version of DOS there may be room for it on Disk-A.   There may 
           not  be  sufficient  room if you have a later version  of  DOS 
           (later versions are larger).   You could move (or remove)  one 
           or  more program files to make room if you want to make Disk-A 
           a "System" disk (boot-up disk).  If you do not need WEST,  for 
           example, you could move it to Disk-C.  This would provide room 
           for DOS on Disk-A.

        Copy instructions assume the SOURCE is Drive A:,  the DESTINATION 
        is Drive B:  (or DESTINATION is a Hard drive). These instructions 
        are for copying from the three 360K distribution disks.

        COPYING THE FILES TO NEW DISKS
           Turn VERIFY on:                         VERIFY ON
           Format three disks:                     FORMAT B:
           Copy all disks to the new disks:        COPY *.* B:
           (DISKCOPY.COM) may also be used)

        COPYING THE FILES TO A HARD DRIVE
           Turn VERIFY on:                         VERIFY ON
           Create a sub-directory called NAV4:     MD NAV4
           Enter the new NAV4 sub-directory:       CD NAV4
           Copy all disks to hard drive (C:):      COPY *.* C:


                                  USERS MANUAL                    Page 14


        IF YOU RECEIVED YOUR DISKS FROM SOMEONE ELSE
           Follow  the  previous copy procedures,  then check  the  disks 
           against  the positioning list below.   File positioning may be 
           altered to suit your needs.  If you operate mostly in the East 
           half of the U.S. you may  want to swap the positions of WEST & 
           EAST.  

        If all the files will fit on one disk, the disk may be run in any 
        drive  (A,B,C or D).  Otherwise,  the files should reside on  the 
        drives indicated below. 

              Drive A:               Drive B:             ANY DRIVE O.K.
              (Disk-A)               (Disk-B)                (Disk-C)

            NAV4    .EXE           AIRPORT1.DAT            BLANKFRM.EXE
            DEFAULT .DAT           AIRPORTX.DAT            MANUAL4
            YOURDATA.EXE           NAVAIDS .DAT            COMMENT .FRM
            YOURDATA.DAT           EAST (or WEST)          ORDER   .FRM
            README4 .EXE                                   CRC     .EXE
            README4 .OVL                                   CRCKLIST.400
            HELP4   .EXE
            HELP4   .OVL
            ????????.APL
            ????????.RTE
            WEST (or EAST)              * Using FIND & SORT is optional
            ALASKA                        (you should find them on your
          * FIND    .EXE                  DOS disk).  Using FIND & SORT
          * SORT    .EXE                  is covered in MANUAL4.
 
        All user controlled files MUST be on Drive A: (or "default" drive)
          DEFAULT.DAT   YOURDATA.DAT   ????????.APL  ????????.RTE

        Data files may be on Drive A: (or "default" drive) or Drive B:
          NAVAIDS.DAT  AIRPORT1.DAT  AIRPORTX.DAT  HELP4.OVL  README4.OVL
          WEST  EAST  ALASKA

        Now give the program a trial run to familiarize yourself with the 
        program  structure--but  before  you use it for  flight  planning 
        please note the following:

                                     WARNING
     THIS  PROGRAM  SHOULD  NOT BE USED AS A PRIMARY  SOURCE  OF  NAVIGATION
     INFORMATION. Although this program including its equations, algorithms,
     and data base have been extensively checked and tested, there is always
     the  possibility of an undetected bug,  an error in the data  base,  an
     incorrect waypoint being used, errors introduced by rounding, etc. This
     program  is intended for use in VFR flight planning and should never be
     substituted for approved charts and performance data. It is recommended
     that you print out and read the Users Manual before using this program.
     To print-out the Users Manual automatically: return to your DOS prompt,
     turn on your printer with CTRL-P, then enter TYPE MANUAL4 <RET>.


                                  USERS MANUAL                    Page 15


        The   structure  of  NAVIGATE  is  shown  below--note  that   the  
        program NORMALLY returns to the PRIMARY DEFAULTS screen  after an 
        operation  is completed.  Usually <ESC>ape will return you to the 
        PRIMARY DEFAULTS screen.


                        ********************************
                        *    FLOWCHART FOR NAVIGATE    *
                        ********************************

                                 *------------*
                                 |  SIGN ON   |
                                 |   SCREEN   |
                                 *------------*      +-----------+
                                        |            |  AIRPLANE |
                                        V            |  FILE     |
               +----------+     ****************<--->|  CONTROL  |
               |   WIND   |<----**  PRIMARY   **     +-----------+
               |  SCREEN  |     **  DEFAULTS  **     +-----------+
               +----------+     ****************<--->|  PROGRAM  |
                    ^ ^                 |    ^       |  CONTROL  |
                    | |                 V     \      |  COMMANDS |
                    | |           +----------+ \     | & TOGGLES |
                    | |           | WAYPOINT |  \    +-----------+
                    |  \          |  ENTRY   |   |
                    |   \         +----------+   |
                    |    \              |        |
                    |     \             V        |
                    |      \      +----------+   |
                    |       \     |  FLIGHT  |-->|
                    |        \    |   PLAN   |   |
                    |         \   +----------+   |
                    |          \        |        |
                    |           \       V        |
               +----------+      \+----------+   |
               |  MORE    |       |  FLIGHT  |   |
               |  OPTIONS |<----->|  PLAN    |-->|
               |  MENU    |       |  OPTIONS |
               +----------+       +----------+


        Please read the manual (MANUAL4) after giving the program a trial 
        run.   There  are many useful features within the  program  which 
        will remain unknown if you do not read it. For an accurate Flight 
        Plan  you should understand how the wind table is used,  and  how 
        the climb & descent profiles are calculated.

        We encourage you to pass this ShareWare on to others.  And if you 
        find this program useful, please register.  We are trying to keep 
        the  cost  of this program as low as possible and  we  need  your 
        support to continue to make it the best Flight Planner available.  
        We  have implemented many user suggestions into this version  and 
        we  want to be able to continue to do so.   As a Registered  User 
        you  will  automatically receive the latest data bases,  and  the 
        latest version of NAVIGATE.  We hope you enjoy the program.

        To  print out a copy of README4 (this file) enter  README4 <RET>, 
        then follow the instructions on the screen.


                                  USERS MANUAL                    Page 16


        SIGN-ON SCREEN

        Type NAV4 <RET> and the following screen will appear:

   +-------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   | +---------------------------------------------------------------------+ |
   | |                                                                     | |
   | |                          NAVIGATE vers 4.0                          | |
   | |                                                                     | |
   | |             point to point aeroplane navigation program             | |
   | |                                                                     | |
   | |      Copyright (c) 1986,87,88,12-89              NAVIGATE Inc.      | |
   | |---------------------------------------------------------------------| |
   | | If  you find this program useful,  please support it by becoming  a | |
   | | Registered User.   A Registration form may be printed from the file | |
   | | ORDER.FRM.  There is also a Registration form at the end of MANUAL4 | |
   | +---------------------------------------------------------------------+ |
   |                                 WARNING                                 |
   | THIS  PROGRAM  SHOULD  NOT BE USED AS A PRIMARY  SOURCE  OF  NAVIGATION |
   | INFORMATION. Although this program including its equations, algorithms, |
   | and data base have been extensively checked and tested, there is always |
   | the  possibility of an undetected bug,  an error in the data  base,  an |
   | incorrect waypoint being used, errors introduced by rounding, etc. This |
   | program  is intended for use in VFR flight planning and should never be |
   | substituted for approved charts and performance data. It is recommended |
   | that you print out and read the Users Manual before using this program. |
   | To print-out the Users Manual automatically: return to your DOS prompt, |
   | turn on your printer with CTRL-P, then enter TYPE MANUAL4 <RET>.        |
   | <ESC> to pause...                                ...any key to continue |
   +-------------------------------------------------------------------------+

        A  short  delay is built into this screen--hit any key to  bypass 
        the delay.  <ESC> will pause on this screen if you need more time 
        to read it; hit any key to start the program.









        -----------------------------
        MORE OPTIONS menu (or the "shadow line" commands)
             There  are many references to the MORE OPTIONS  commands  in 
             the  following pages.   Whenever these options are available 
             in  the  program,  they are  high-lighted  in  reverse-video 
             (shadow  line)  on  the bottom line  of  the  screen.   When 
             available they are shown as follows in this manual: 
                    
                    MORE OPTIONS [^Density  ^Fuel  ^Route], etc.

             These options are activated by holding down the CONTROL key, 
             then  pressing the first character of the  option.   Options 
             are not explained when they appear in this manner.  They are 
             explained in detail in the section on the MORE OPTIONS menu.


                                  USERS MANUAL                    Page 17


        PRIMARY DEFAULTS

        After the sign-on screen the following will appear:

   +--------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   |                      +-------------------------+                         |
   |  CES210C.APL         |    PRIMARY  DEFAULTS    |    Wind toggle is (OFF) |
   | <L>ist files         +-------------------------+                         |
   |                   Use UPPERcase for ALL menu choices                     |
   |            <ESC>ape normally returns program to this screen              |
   |       Enter all speeds in KNOTS, fuel in GALLONS (^F for POUNDS)         |
   |                                                                          |
   | <A> TAS   CLIMB = 122.0/140.3 (Kts/Mph)   ...Average value for climb     |
   | <B> TAS  CRUISE = 152.0/174.8 (Kts/Mph)   ...Value for planned altitude  |
   | <C> RATEofCLIMB = 500         (Fpm)       ...Average value for climb     |
   | <D> RATEofDSCNT = 700         (Fpm)       ...Average value for descent   |
   | <E> FUELonBOARD =  80.0/480.0 (Gal/Lbs)   ...Fuel at blocks              |
   | <F> FUEL   TAXI =   0.5/  3.0 (Gal/Lbs)   ...Fuel used for taxi only     |
   | <G> BURN  CLIMB =  14.5/ 87.0 (Gph/Pph)   ...Average value for climb     |
   | <H> BURN CRUISE =  13.3/ 79.8 (Gph/Pph)   ...Value for planned altitude  |
   | <I> BURN  DSCNT =  11.0/ 66.0 (Gph/Pph)   ...For descent @ cruise speed  |
   |                                                                          |
   |Enter letter to change (or)...                                            |
   | <P>ROGRAM CONTROL MENU                    ...Data file control toggles   |
   | <W>ind Entry Screen                       ...Winds aloft entry & toggle  |
   | <RET>urn for Waypoint Entry Screen        ...Enter waypoints & cruise alt|
   |                                                                          |
   |...Choice: ?                                                              |
   +--------------------------------------------------------------------------+
    MORE OPTIONS [^Density  ^Fuel  ^Quit  ^Wind]

      Values  appearing on this screen will be used when the Flight Plan  is 
      generated.   Any changes you make will remain in effect until they are 
      changed  again from this screen.   After the Flight Plan is generated, 
      you may call the OPTIONS MENU [Page 34].   The OPTIONS MENU will allow 
      you to TEMPORARILY change these values and then RECALCULATE the Flight 
      Plan  which  you have just created.   When you return to  the  PRIMARY 
      DEFAULTS screen the TEMPORARY values are automatically erased, and the 
      PRIMARY DEFAULTS values are restored.

      Use Knots,  Gallons,  Gallons-per-hour:  Mph, Lbs & Pph are calculated 
      and displayed automatically.  Hit ^F (CTRL-F) to switch fuel entry  to 
      Pounds/Pounds-per-hour.   Gallons/Gallons-per-hour are then calculated 
      and displayed automatically.

           Wind toggle is (OFF) - Wind Table will not be used
                          (ON)  - Wind Table will be used
            CES210C.APL - CES210C.APL (Cessna 210C) is in use
           <L>ist files - "L"  for  Airplane list,  or to  select  another 
                          Airplane  file.   EDIT  may be called  from  the 
                          Airplane file screen to edit files or name a new
                          Airplane  file as the Start-up  (default)  file.
           <A> thru <I> - Values as appropriate
                        - Note  that these values may be changed...changes
                          are  not  stored to disk,  but  they  remain  in 
                          effect  until changed again,  or the program  is 
                          restarted.


                                  USERS MANUAL                    Page 18


        PRIMARY DEFAULTS cont'd

           <P>          - Call PROGRAM CONTROL MENU 
           <W>          - Enter winds,  change existing winds, turn winds 
                          ON or OFF. (^W also works).
           <RET>urn     - Call Waypoint Entry Screen

        The  winds  may not be turned ON (OFF) from the PRIMARY  DEFAULTS 
        screen:  this  may only be done from the WIND ENTRY  screen  (hit 
        "W") [Page 28] or from the OPTIONS MENU [Page 34].

        If  you  operate a larger aircraft with high fuel  burns,  it  is 
        possible that you will see a "%" sign preceding some of the  fuel 
        figures.   This  is  a  "format overflow" and  simply  means  the 
        program is trying to display a number which is too large for  the 
        screen (or printer) space allotted for it. You should be cautious 
        if you see a "%" sign, but the numbers are normally correct.  The 
        "breakpoints"  for  "format overflow" are TAXI fuel greater  than 
        99.9 Gallons, or burn rates for CLIMB, CRUISE, or DESCENT greater 
        than 999.4 Pounds-per-hour.  


        AIRPLANE FILES

        The <L>ist option displays the airplane files available:

        +------------------------------------------------------------------+
        |Airplane files:                                                   |
        |58CES182.APL      BEECH-35.APL      CES140  .APL      CES150  .APL|
        |CES172  .APL      CES210C .APL      COMAN250.APL                  |
        |                                                                  |
        |                        Present Airplane file in use: CES210C.APL |
        |                             Start-up (default) file: CES210C.APL |
        |                                                                  |
        | <S>elect an Airplane file to use in Flight Plan                  |
        | <E>dit Airplane files or designate a Start-up (default) file     |
        | <ESC>ape to PRIMARY DEFAULTS screen                              |
        +------------------------------------------------------------------+

        You  may  <S>elect  any airplane file displayed on  this  screen. 
        Examples:  BEECH-35 <RET>  or BEECH-35.APL <RET> are  both  valid 
        airplane  filenames (you don't have to use .APL).   All values on 
        the  PRIMARY DEFAULTS screen will be replaced by the  new  values 
        from the selected airplane file.  These new values will remain in 
        effect until they are changed,  or the program is re-started. Hit 
        <ESC>ape  to  return  to  the  PRIMARY  DEFAULTS  screen  without 
        selecting a new airplane file.

        The  EXAMPLE FILES which are supplied with the program should not 
        be used to create working Flight Plans.   You MUST enter your own 
        airplane data since performance,  fuel capacity,  etc.  will vary 
        from one model to another.  In addition, since piloting technique 
        varies  widely,  performance figures which work for someone  else 
        may not work for you.


                                  USERS MANUAL                    Page 19


        EDITING AIRPLANE FILES and SETTING PROGRAM TOGGLES (switches)

        Hit  <E>dit  to call the EDIT routines to create a  new  airplane 
        file,  alter  or delete an existing file,  or specify one file as 
        the Start-up (default) file.

     +--------------------------------------------------------------------+
     |              EDITING AIRPLANE FILES AND TOGGLES                    |
     |                                                                    |
     |You may do the following:                                           |
     |   -> List the Airplane (.APL) files                                |
     |   -> Review the .APL files and exit without making changes         |
     |   -> Edit any file with the extent .APL (such as CES210C.APL)      |
     |   -> Create a new .APL file                                        |
     |   -> Delete an .APL file                                           |
     |   -> Name ONE .APL file as the Start-up (default) file             |
     |   -> Set the program TOGGLES (switches)                            |
     |                                                                    |
     |RULES:                                                              |
     |   -> UPPERcase MUST be used for menu selections                    |
     |   -> Examples of name files: 172CESNA.APL, COMANCHE.APL, etc.      |
     |   -> .APL use is optional--.APL is automatically appended to names |
     |   -> Any combination of 8 characters or less may be used in names  |
     |      (names use the first 8 characters even if more are entered)   |
     |   -> Suggest that the TOGGLES be set the same in every file, and   |
     |      changed as needed from within the Flight Plan program.        |
     |                                                                    |
     |Any key to continue...                                              |
     +--------------------------------------------------------------------+

        After striking any key the following menu appears:

     +-------------------------------------------------------------------+
     |                          +-----------+                            |
     |                          | EDIT MODE |                            |
     |                          +-----------+                            |
     |          Make all fuel entries in GALLONS (^F to switch)          |
     |                                                                   |
     |Airplane files:                                                    |
     |58CES182.APL      BEECH-35.APL      CES140  .APL      CES150  .APL |
     |CES172  .APL      CES210C .APL      COMAN250.APL                   |
     |                                                                   |
     |                             Start-up (default) file: CES210C.APL  |
     |                                                                   |
     |OPTIONS:                                                           |
     | <C>reate an Airplane file                                         |
     | <D>elete an Airplane file                                         |
     | <E>dit an Airplane file                                           |
     | <N>ame a Start-up (default) Airplane file                         |
     | <R>eturn to previous screen (instructions)                        |
     | <ESC>ape from Edit mode                                           |
     |                                                                   |
     |CHOICE (use UPPERcase) ?                                           |
     +-------------------------------------------------------------------+
      MORE OPTIONS [^Fuel]


                                  USERS MANUAL                    Page 20


        All  airplane  files (.APL) on the disk are listed at this  time.  
        You  may  create  a  new  airplane  file,   delete  an  airplane, 
        review/edit  an  airplane file,  or <N>ame a  Start-up  (default) 
        Airplane file.   The Start-up filename is stored in  DEFAULT.DAT.  
        DEFAULT.DAT  is  nothing  more than a "pointer" to  the  Start-up 
        airplane file which you have selected.  

        If  you  select   "<N>ame a Start-up (default) Airplane file" the 
        following message will appear:

           **************************************************************
           ***  Setting Start-up file (DEFAULT.DAT) to: CES210C.APL   ***
           **************************************************************

        If you elect to create a new airplane file, you will be presented  
        with a fill-in format screen.  

        Selecting  <E>dit  from the previous screen,  and naming  CES210C 
        will present the following screen for review or edit:

     +------------------------------------------------------------------------+
     |                   Editing Airplane file: CES210C.APL                   |
     |PRIMARY DEFAULTS                                                        |
     | <A> TAS   CLIMB = 122.0/140.3  Kts/Mph   ...Average value for climb    |
     | <B> TAS  CRUISE = 152.0/174.8  Kts/Mph   ...Value for planned altitude |
     | <C> RATEofCLIMB = 500          Fpm       ...Average value for climb    |
     | <D> RATEofDSCNT = 700          Fpm       ...Average value for descent  |
     | <E> FUELonBOARD =  80.0/480.0  Gal/Lbs   ...Fuel at blocks             |
     | <F> FUEL   TAXI =   0.5/  3.0  Gal/Lbs   ...Fuel used for taxi only    |
     | <G> BURN  CLIMB =  14.5/ 87.0  Gph/Pph   ...Average value for climb    |
     | <H> BURN CRUISE =  13.3/ 79.8  Gph/Pph   ...Value for planned altitude |
     | <I> BURN  DSCNT =  11.0/ 66.0  Gph/Pph   ...For descent @ cruise speed |
     |TOGGLES                                                                 |
     | <J> Lat/Lon/Var        = (ON)            ...normally (ON)              |
     | <K> NAVAIDS.DAT        = (ON)            ...normally (ON)              |
     | <L> AIRPORT1.DAT       = (ON)            ...normally (ON)              |
     | <M> AIRPORTX.DAT       = (OFF)           ...normally (OFF)             |
     | <N> YOURDATA.DAT       = (ON)            ...normally (ON)              |
     | <O> Write YOURDATA.DAT = (OFF)           ...normally (OFF)             |
     |                                                                        |
     |Enter letter to change (or)...                                          |
     | <W>rite these values to: CES210C.APL                                   |
     | <ESC>ape with NO changes to this file                     ...Choice: ? |
     +------------------------------------------------------------------------+

        All speeds are entered in Knots. MPH are automatically displayed.
        Fuel  values  are entered in  Gallons/Gallons-per-Hour.  You  may 
        switch  to  Pounds/Pounds-per-Hour from the EDIT MODE  menu  (hit 
        <ESC> to return to the EDIT MODE menu).  Rate of Climb/Descent is 
        entered in Feet per Minute.

        The  TOGGLES control whether each individual  data file (.DAT) is 
        "on"  or "off",  and certain functions within  the  program.  The 
        <E>dit  mode  allows you to change these toggles to  the  desired 
        "start-up" values. In most cases, you will probably want to leave 
        these  toggles  in  their  "default"  settings.  Also,  you  will 
        probably  want  to set the toggles the same in all your  airplane 
        files.   It  is  suggested  that  the  toggles  remain  in  their 


                                  USERS MANUAL                    Page 21


        "default"  settings until you are familiar with their  functions. 
        Toggles  may  also  be  changed "temporarily"  from  the  PROGRAM 
        CONTROL  menu  [Page  22].   If you are  operating  primarily  in 
        Alaska, you will want to set the AIRPORTX.DAT toggle to ON, since 
        AIRPORTX.DAT  contains  the Alaska airports (Alaska  navaids  are 
        always available since they are in NAVAIDS.DAT).

        If  you  select  "W"  (<W>rite these values to: CES210C.APL)  the 
        following message will appear:

           **************************************************************
           ***        Writing these parameters to: CES210C.APL        ***
           **************************************************************

        <ESC>ape  will abort the edit session and return to the EDIT MODE
        menu  without making any changes to the file.

        There is no limit (other than available disk space) to the number 
        of Airplane (.APL) files which may exist.  Airplane filenames may 
        be any combination of letters/numbers;  a maximum of 8 characters 
        are allowed.  If you use more than 8 characters, only the first 8 
        characters will be used.





        +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
        It  is possible to COPY an airplane file to a new filename  using 
        the  DOS  copy  utility,  in order to use an existing file  as  a 
        "format"  for a new file which you wish to create.   This is  not 
        advisable  because  the  airplane  filename  is  actually  stored 
        (embedded)  in the file itself,  and when you call the  new  file 
        with  <E>dit,  the old filename will still be there (the embedded 
        airplane name is the one you actually see on the screen).   To do 
        this correctly,  you would have to use a word processor to change 
        the  embedded  filename to the new filename before  it  could  be 
        properly  edited.  If  you do this be sure to use the  PURE  TEXT 
        (ASCII)  mode (no "high-bit" characters allowed).   It's probably 
        easier  to  just create a new airplane file  from  scratch  using 
        <E>dit.   The  purpose  of  this "embedded airplane name"  is  to 
        prevent an airplane file from being accidentally associated  with 
        the wrong airplane.

        You  could rename an existing airplane file using your DOS RENAME 
        (or  REN)  utility.   This  is inadvisable for the  same  reasons 
        explained above when using the COPY utility.

        If you alter an airplane file with your word processor be sure to 
        maintain  the  file  structure  in EXACTLY  the  same  format  as 
        produced by <E>dit.   The fields in the airplane files are in the 
        same  sequence as shown on the  "Editing Airplane file:"  screen, 
        starting  with  the airplane name.   Numerical values  should  be 
        obvious,  except for burn rates, which are stored in gallons-per-
        minute  (not  gallons-per-hour).   The  last 6  entries  are  the 
        "start-up" toggle settings.


                                  USERS MANUAL                    Page 22


        PROGRAM CONTROL COMMANDS & TOGGLES

        Selecting  option <P> from the PRIMARY DEFAULTS menu will display 
        the following screen:

        +---------------------------------------------------------------+
        |         +-------------------------------+                     |
        |         |    PROGRAM CONTROL(^) MENU    |                     |
        |         +-------------------------------+                     |
        |                                                               |
        |TOGGLES                                                        |
        | (ON)   ^L  Latitude, Longitude, Variation displayed           |
        | (ON)   ^N  NAVAIDS.DAT                                        |
        | (ON)   ^A  AIRPORT1.DAT                                       |
        | (OFF)  ^X  AIRPORTX.DAT                                       |
        | (ON)   ^Y  YOURDATA.DAT                                       |
        | (OFF)  ^W  Write (add) to YOURDATA.DAT                        |
        | --------------------------------------                        |
        |        <H>elp (user instructions)                             |
        |        <R>estart program (clears variables)                   |
        |        <Q>uit program (return to DOS)                         |
        |        <ESC>ape to PRIMARY DEFAULTS Screen                    |
        +---------------------------------------------------------------+
        MORE OPTIONS [^Quit]

        ^ means CTRL (Control key).  To use these commands, hold down the 
        Control key, then press the letter following the "^".

           TOGGLES
           ^L  -  Latitude/Longitude/Variation displayed or not displayed
                  on  Flight Plan.  ^L has no effect on the program other 
                  than to display or not display Lat/Lon/Var on the  CRT, 
                  and  to send,  or not send these values to the  printer 
                  when a hard copy is requested.
           ^N  -  NAVAIDS.DAT file ON or OFF (normally ON):  all  navaids 
                  in the contiguous U.S., Canada, and Alaska.
           ^A  -  AIRPORT1.DAT  file ON or OFF (normally ON):  all public 
                  airports & many private airports in the contiguous U.S.
           ^X  -  AIRPORTX.DAT file ON or OFF (normally OFF):  this  file 
                  will   contain  future  airport  data  base  additions. 
                  It presently contains Alaska airports.
           ^Y  -  YOURDATA.DAT  file ON or OFF  (normally  ON).  Contains 
                  user  entered  waypoints.   Must be ON for  program  to
                  access these waypoints.
           ^W  -  Write user entered waypoints to YOURDATA.DAT  (normally 
                  OFF).   If  you  have entered waypoints  manually,  the 
                  program will give you an opportunity to save them, even 
                  if this toggle was off. Having this toggle OFF prevents 
                  unwanted waypoints from being written to YOURDATA.DAT.

           Note:  If you have reason to remove a data file from disk, you
                  may  do so if you set the appropriate data file  toggle 
                  to  OFF.   Removing  a data file  without  setting  its 
                  toggle  to  OFF will generate an error message and  may 
                  cause the program to stop.


                                  USERS MANUAL                    Page 23



        --------------------------------
         <H>   -  Loads  and runs HELP4.  HELP4.OVL must be available  on 
                  the "default" drive or the "B" drive.
         <R>   -  Restarts the program, clearing all variables, including 
                  the  Wind  Table,  then the "default" airplane file  is 
                  initialized.
         <Q>   -  Quit program (return to DOS) (^Q also works)
         <ESC> -  Returns to PRIMARY DEFAULTS Screen


        MANAGEMENT OF THE DATA FILES

        Note that any data file may be toggled ON or OFF.  If a data file 
        is  OFF  the program will not search  that  file,  and  waypoints 
        within that  file  will  not be found or used.   You  might  have 
        reason  to  remove a file from the search path (for  example:  to 
        search only the Navaids file).

        There are 3 types of data files available:

                      Navigation aids (NAVAIDS.DAT)
                      Airports (AIRPORT1.DAT, AIRPORTX.DAT)
                      User generated data (YOURDATA.DAT)

        Navigation aids:  (NAVAIDS.DAT) contains all published navaids in 
        the contiguous U.S.,  Alaska and Canada,  including Low Frequency 
        (NDB's) if they are actual navaid stations.  Outer Markers (Outer 
        Compass  Locaters)  are  generally not included unless  they  are 
        "published" navaids.  

        NAVAIDS.DAT contains:  Identifier code (1 to 3 letters)
                               Latitude
                               Longitude
                               Published Magnetic Variation
                               Frequency

        Airports:  AIRPORT1.DAT  contains  all  public  airports  in  the 
        contiguous   U.S.,   and  many  private  airports.   AIRPORTX.DAT 
        presently contains Alaska airports only.  

        Airport files contain: Identifier code (3 to 4 characters)
                               Latitude
                               Longitude
                               Magnetic Variation
                               Airport elevation

        Normally,   NAVAIDS.DAT   and   AIRPORT1.DAT  will  be   ON   and 
        AIRPORTX.DAT will be OFF.   The program will start-up with  these 
        settings   unless   you  change  them  with  the   <E>dit   mode.  
        AIRPORTX.DAT should be left OFF until it is needed since waypoint 
        "search time" will increase slightly if it is ON.  


                                  USERS MANUAL                    Page 24


        The data files are searched in the following order (assuming that 
        the "toggles" for the files below are ON):

              NAVAIDS.DAT  AIRPORT1.DAT  AIRPORTX.DAT  YOURDATA.DAT

        The search normally stops when the waypoint is found.  This means 
        that if the waypoint is found in NAVAIDS.DAT,  the airport  files 
        are not searched.  Exception is the FIRST and LAST waypoint-->the 
        airport files are ALWAYS searched after NAVAIDS.DAT. However, the 
        coordinates displayed are from NAVAIDS.DAT and only the ELEVATION 
        is  used  from  the  airport file.  You  may  force  the  Airport 
        coordinates into the Flight Plan by preceding the identifier with 
        "K" (KLAX in place of LAX); in this case NAVAIDS.DAT is bypassed.

        WORTH REPEATING!   If the FIRST or LAST waypoint is BOTH a Navaid 
        AND an Airport,  the Latitude/Longitude/Variation values are used 
        from  the NAVAID file,  NOT the AIRPORT file.   In most cases the 
        difference  could  be ignored,  but in some cases the  Navaid  is 
        several  miles  from the airport,  even though it  has  the  SAME 
        identifier.   The  program tries to plot courses between  Navaids 
        first,  then  defaults to Airports if a "no find"  occurs.   Most 
        navaids  with  the "same" identifier are located on or  near  the 
        airport,  and  navaids which are not on the airport property  are 
        being  renamed--all of them have not been renamed yet.   Example: 
        Palm  Springs  VOR (PSP) has NOT been renamed even though  it  is 
        4.6nm  from Palm Springs airport!   In this case use KPSP if  you 
        want  the airport coordinates to be used instead of the VOR.

        If  a  Navaid frequency (VHF or NDB) is displayed on  the  Flight 
        Plan,  the waypoint is normally a Navaid, not an Airport.  If the 
        "frequency" entry shows "-----",  it is normally an airport. This 
        test may be invalid if the waypoint was found in YOURDATA.DAT--it 
        depends  on  what you have put in YOURDATA.DAT.   If you  suspect 
        that  the  Navaid is not on or near the  airport,  make  a  quick 
        Flight  Plan  from  the Navaid to the Airport (PSP  to  KPSP  for 
        example).   The  distance  between  the  two  should  answer  the 
        question.

        +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
        One   final  note  about  the  main  data   files   (NAVAIDS.DAT, 
        AIRPORT1.DAT,  AIRPORTX.DAT).   You must not attempt to alter the 
        identifier names in these files,  even if you find an error.   To 
        do  so would render portions of the data base inoperative because 
        the  program  is  expecting the waypoints to  be  in  a  specific 
        location  (a jump table is used for access-that's what makes  the 
        search routines fast).  These files are random access files,  and 
        they  should not be manipulated with a text editor.  If you  have 
        knowledge of random access file manipulation it would be possible 
        to  alter  some  fields within the data  base  records;  this  is 
        explained  in  a  more technical way later in  this  manual,  but 
        should  not be attempted.   A much better way is to register  for 
        the  data  base updates,  and send in any errors  you  may  find.  
        Errors  will  be corrected and released with the next  data  base 
        update--that way everyone can benefit from your input.


                                  USERS MANUAL                    Page 25


        Using  (^Y) YOURDATA.DAT and (^W) Write to YOURDATA.DAT

        YOURDATA.DAT  is your own personal data file.   Anything you wish 
        may  be put into the file including airports,  navaids which  are 
        not in the data base (commercial broadcast stations?),  even  VFR 
        checkpoints.  Waypoint data is added to the file in the following 
        way: Create a Flight Plan in the normal manner using the WAYPOINT 
        ENTRY  screen.   When the program is unable to find a waypoint in 
        the  data  base,  you  will be asked if you  wish  to  enter  the 
        waypoint  data  manually  (manual  data entry  is  covered  under 
        WAYPOINT ENTRY [Page 30]).   After you enter the data, it will be 
        used in the Flight Plan which you are presently creating,  and it 
        will  also  be sent automatically to a  "personal  data  buffer".  
        When  you  are finished working with the present Flight Plan  and 
        return to the PRIMARY DEFAULTS screen,  you will be prompted with 
        the following message:

        +---------------------------------------------------------------+
        |Waypoint(s) have been manually entered.                        |
        |If you wish to save them to YOURDATA.DAT,                      |
        |call the *** PROGRAM CONTROL MENU *** and hit ^W               |
        |                                                               |
        |<RET> to continue...                                           |
        +---------------------------------------------------------------+

        If  you follow the above instructions,  all data you have entered 
        will  be permanently stored in YOURDATA.DAT.  Future Flight Plans 
        will automatically use these waypoints if the YOURDATA.DAT toggle 
        is  ON.  Note  that if the ^W toggle was already  ON,  the  above 
        message will not appear.   However,  in both cases,  confirmation 
        that  the  new  data  was saved is  indicated  by  the  following 
        message:

        +---------------------------------------------------------------+
        |Adding waypoint data to YOURDATA.DAT--please wait              |
        |                                                               |
        +---------------------------------------------------------------+

        Normally,  you  will probably want to leave the ^W toggle OFF  so 
        that unwanted waypoints are not automatically saved.

        If YOURDATA.DAT does not exist on the disk,  it is  automatically 
        created  the first time ^W is used.   There is no  limit  (except 
        available  disk  space) to the number of waypoints which  may  be 
        stored in YOURDATA.DAT.

        You   may  create  "dummy"  Flight  Plans  for  adding  data   to 
        YOURDATA.DAT.   There is a limitation:  Although the program will 
        accept  up to 20 manually entered waypoints,  the "personal  data 
        buffer" will only remember the first 10 which are entered.  So if 
        you need to save more than 10,  create two "dummy" Flight  Plans, 
        each  containing 10 or fewer manually entered  waypoints.   After 
        the  waypoints are stored in YOURDATA.DAT you can access them  in 
        the normal manner.

        ^Y  toggles  YOURDATA.DAT  ON or OFF.   When  ON,  this  file  is 
        included in the waypoint search, when OFF it is bypassed.


                                  USERS MANUAL                    Page 26


        YOURDATA.DAT contains the following:
                Station identifier of 1 to 4 characters.  Any combination 
                      of  letters/numbers is O.K.  In this  special  case 
                      lowercase letters may be used.
                Latitude
                Longitude
                Magnetic Variation
                Radio Frequency   \ Frequency and Elevation must exist
                Elevation         / however, they may be "empty" fields

        YOURDATA.EXE  is provided to manage YOURDATA.DAT.   You may edit, 
        add, delete, sort or send a copy of YOURDATA.DAT to your printer. 
        Type YOURDATA <RET> for instructions.   The built-in sort routine 
        only  sorts  on the first character of the waypoint  name--for  a 
        more complete sort use SORT.EXE (explained below).  

        YOURDATA.DAT  is  different from the other data files.   It is  a 
        "sequential access" file,  which means that the data is stored in 
        ASCII.  If  you  edit  with a word processor use  the  PURE  TEXT 
        (ASCII)  or "non-document" mode,  and maintain the data structure 
        as shown below.  It is O.K. to move data around (block moves), or 
        delete lines, but be careful that no "blank" or "empty" lines are 
        introduced  anywhere  in the data file--this would cause a  "file 
        access error" and the program will stop.

             "Bill","34.319","98.131","-13","-----","188 "
             "TERY","36.528","95.344"," -8","-----","    " 
             "hhr1","34.060","118.270","14","-----","3329"
             "76E ","34.391","111.473","-15","122.8","1423"
             "X   ","33.123","123.123","4","330  ","    "

        By studying this example you will see the variations available in 
        identifier  names.    During  WAYPOINT  ENTRY  into  the  program 
        [Page 30]  be  sure  to enter the waypoint  name  EXACTLY  as  it 
        appears in the data base, otherwise it will not be found (be sure 
        to use lowercase letters if the waypoint contains them).

        One other point about YOURDATA.DAT.  This file is always searched 
        by  the  program from the beginning.   The search ends  when  the 
        waypoint  is  found.   For  this  reason  the  search  time  will 
        generally get longer as the data file gets longer.   If this file 
        gets long,  say 100 entries or so,  you may want to use your word 
        processor  to "move" the more frequently used entries to the  top 
        of the list.  This will speed up the average search time.

        If  you  wish to sort YOURDATA.DAT alphabetically you can use the 
        DOS  SORT utility (SORT.EXE).   It should be on your DOS  utility 
        disk.  The following will sort YOURDATA.DAT:

                     TYPE YOURDATA.DAT|SORT>YOURDATA.DAT

        Enter the above command,  followed by <RET>.  If you wish to sort 
        to a different filename,  replace the second YOURDATA.DAT with  a 
        filename of your own choice.
             
        If  you find an error in one of the data bases which you want  to 
        correct,  you  could  enter the corrected data into  YOURDATA.DAT 
        using the same identifier with lowercase characters (for example, 


                                  USERS MANUAL                    Page 27


        lax for LAX). Then don't forget to use "lax" in your Flight Plan. 
        You could have more than one YOURDATA.DAT file.   You might,  for 
        example,  have  a  file  for  Mexico  and  another  for  Canadian 
        airports.   Simply  RENAME  (or REN) the one you want to  use  to 
        YOURDATA.DAT (this is the only filename the program  recognizes).  
        And when you have finished using your file, RENAME it back to any 
        name you choose.  "RENAME" is a utility in your operating system.

        ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
        This  section  contains additional information on the  main  data 
        files  (NAVAIDS.DAT,  AIRPORT1.DAT,  AIRPORTX.DAT).   It  is  not 
        necessary to understand this section in order to use the program.

        Considering that the program must access almost 11,000 waypoints, 
        random access files were used to keep the data base as compact as 
        possible,  and a very fast search routine was developed to access 
        those files.   The search routines use a "jump table" which means 
        that the data base is rigidly structured.

        Creating  a new data base file is a multi-step process.   Several 
        files are used to create,  cross-check with previous data  bases, 
        sort the data, and finally place the data into the data file in a 
        format  which the program understands.   The routines used to  do 
        this  job  are  not  user  friendly.    The  process  is  further 
        complicated  because the data bases are so large.   The files are 
        actually processed as individual state files,  and later combined 
        into  one large file.   NAVAIDS.DAT is sorted  alphabetically  by 
        Identifier.   AIRPORT  files are sorted  numerically from 0 to  9 
        (for   those  airports  which  start  with  a  number)  and  then 
        alphabetically.   The  files are then processed into  one  random 
        access  file along with a jump table.   The jump table tells  the 
        program   where  to  start  looking  (alphabetically)  for   each 
        waypoint.   At  this point the program uses a modified shell sort 
        routine to narrow down the search area,  and minimize disk  drive 
        activity.   The bottom line is that the data search will not work 
        if  a waypoint is removed or added,  or an identifier is altered. 
        Although  it is not advisable to do so,  it is possible to  alter 
        the  numerical  fields  without affecting  the  search  routines, 
        provided that the positioning of the records is not disturbed.

        Data  files  have the "filename" and "datestamp" embedded in  the 
        first  fields of the first record of the database.  They  may  be 
        viewed  using your TYPE function.  In case you are interested the 
        main data files are structured as follows: 

                           NAVAIDS                 AIRPORTS
                Identifier    3 \                    / 4  Identifier
                  Latitude    6  \                  /  6  Latitude
                 Longitude    7   >chars per field <   7  Longitude
                 Variation    3  /                  \  3  Variation
               * Frequency    4 /                    \ 4  Elevation
                             23 <--chars per record-> 24

        *  The  frequency  field  drops  the "1" if  it  contains  a  VHF 
        frequency:  123.4 is stored as 23.4 (4 characters).   The program 
        automatically replaces the "1" in the print out.


                                  USERS MANUAL                    Page 28


        WIND ENTRY SCREEN

        Hit <W> for the Wind Entry Screen (^W also works).  May be called 
            from  the  PRIMARY DEFAULTS screen,  OPTIONS  MENU,  or  MORE 
            OPTIONS menu:
        +---------------------------------------------------------------+
        |               *** WIND ENTRY ***                              |
        |                                                               |
        |Enter winds in any order - 20 entries allowed                  |
        |Enter Station Identifier,  TRUE direction  and KNOTS           |
        |      (Winds Aloft forecasts or Sequence Reports)              |
        |      Use full direction: 220 (not 22), 090 (not 09)           |
        |Winds from any reporting point may be used, however,           |
        |      only winds matching program waypoints  will be           |
        |      used in the FLIGHT PLAN.                                 |
        |<RET> after each entry, e.g. LAX<RET> 220<RET> 19<RET>         |
        |<RET><RET> after last entry to terminate input                 |
        |                                                               |
        |IDENT  DIRECTION  VELOCITY                                     |
        | SAN      250        15                                        |
        | LAX      220        19                                        |
        | PRB      300        7                                         |
        | SNS      270        12                                        |
        | SFO      70         9                                         |
        +---------------------------------------------------------------+
        On  the  above screen,  winds for 5 stations have  been  entered.  
        Hitting  <RET><RET>  after the last VELOCITY  entry  produces the 
        following screen:

        +---------------------------------------------------------------+
        |         WIND  TABLE                     Wind toggle is (ON)   |
        |                                                               |
        |   IDENT  DIRECTION  VELOCITY                                  |
        | 1) SAN      250        15                                     |
        | 2) LAX      220        19                                     |
        | 3) PRB      300         7                                     |
        | 4) SNS      270        12                                     |
        | 5) SFO      070         9                                     |
        |                                                               |
        |                                                               |
        |<A>dd more winds to table                                      |
        |<C>hange/correct a wind entry                                  |
        |<E>nter new winds (clears WIND TABLE)                          |
        |<P>rint hard copy of WIND TABLE                                |
        |<W>ind toggle is (ON)                                          |
        |<ESC>ape (terminate wind entry)                                |
        | |                                                             |
        | '--> ?                                                        |
        +---------------------------------------------------------------+
        <A>   - Add more winds to the above table without disturbing  the 
                other entries.
        <C>   - Change/correct any wind entry in the table
        <E>   - Enter new winds (erases all present wind entries)
        <P>   - Print a hard copy of the wind table
        <W>   - Turn the wind table ON or OFF
        <ESC> - Terminate wind entry

        Winds  may be toggled ON or OFF from the above screen or from the 


                                  USERS MANUAL                    Page 29


        OPTIONS  MENU.   Winds  are automatically toggled on if  you  add 
        winds  to the WIND TABLE.   Winds are never erased by  using  the 
        Wind toggle.

        You  may enter ANY station's winds,  even if they will not be  on 
        your  Flight Plan,  however,  the Flight Plan will only use  WIND 
        TABLE entries which match Flight Plan waypoints.  This means that 
        if  no wind reporting stations are on your route of  flight,  you 
        will  have  to  estimate  the  winds for  one  or  more  of  your 
        waypoints,  and  enter  them into the WIND TABLE.   If  the  Wind 
        toggle  is ON,  and the program does not find winds for at  least 
        one  waypoint,  you  will be given a warning that no  winds  were 
        found for the waypoints you have entered:

        +---------------------------------------------------------------+
        |Assembling Flight Plan data...                                 |
        |                                                               |
        |                                                               |
        |CAUTION: NO WINDS were found for waypoints entered...          |
        |         ZERO wind flight plan is being generated.             |
        |         Recheck the WIND TABLE.                               |
        +---------------------------------------------------------------+

        The  above  message  will appear while the Flight Plan  is  being 
        assembled.   The FLIGHT PLAN screen is explained later [Page 32]. 
        If the wind toggle is OFF, the above message will not appear.

        If  the  wind toggle is ON,  the program automatically  fills  in 
        winds  for the first & last waypoint (if they were  non-existent) 
        by using the closest station in the Flight Plan which DOES have a 
        WIND  TABLE  entry.    Then  the  program  interpolates  for  the 
        remaining  winds which were not found in the  wind  table.   This 
        process  fills in ALL WIND ENTRIES in the Flight Plan.   For this 
        reason the Flight Plan will be more accurate if you enter as many 
        winds  as  possible.   Worst  case is only  one  wind  entry--the 
        program will use this wind for the entire Flight Plan.

        Straight  line interpolation is used for filling in missing  wind 
        entries.   Wind  is interpolated for both direction and velocity, 
        and for relative distance from the stations for which winds  have 
        been  entered.   This  means  that the closer station  will  have 
        greater  "weight"  than  the  one  further  away.   This  process 
        produces a mathematically correct wind direction and velocity for 
        each waypoint.   NOTE:  if a 180 degree wind shift is encountered 
        during this interpolation,  it is possible that the program  will 
        produce  a 180 degree error in wind direction (if the winds shift 
        from 0 to 180, is the interpolated wind  direction 090 or 270 ?).  
        To  avoid  this occurrence,  insert a midpoint wind to force  the 
        interpolation to go in the correct direction.

        More about winds:  The program makes all wind calculations  based 
        on  TRUE  direction,   then  converts  the  results  to  MAGNETIC 
        direction  for  display in the FLIGHT PLAN [Page 32].   All  Wind 
        Correction Angles are AVERAGE, to hold a course from the PREVIOUS 
        waypoint to the PRESENT waypoint.


                                  USERS MANUAL                    Page 30


        Note:   If you enter KLAX,  the wind is stored under LAX (the "K" 
        is removed automatically).  Then if you use KLAX (airport) or LAX 
        (VOR)  in your Flight Plan,  the winds for "LAX" will be used  in 
        both   cases.    The  "K"  is  NOT  automatically  removed   from 
        identifiers such as K08, KS04, KIC, etc.


        WAYPOINT ENTRY SCREEN

        Called with <RET> from the PRIMARY DEFAULTS screen:
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|                         *** WAYPOINT ENTRY ***                              |
|> CES210C.APL                                      Wind toggle is (ON)       |
|                                           +---------------------------------+
|> 20 Waypoints allowed (1 to 4 characters) |      <RET> Enter waypoint       |
|> Normally use UPPERcase (see MANUAL4)     | <RET><RET> Generate FLIGHT PLAN |
|> "?" for Waypoint to activate name search |        <-> Delete waypoint      |
|> ^R to list Route files (.RTE files)      |      <ESC> PRIMARY DEFAULTS     |
|                                           +---------------------------------+
|Cruise Altitude--> 6500                                                      |
|                  +-------------------------------------------------+        |
|Enter Waypoints-->|SAN |MZB |OCN |LGB |LAX |GVO |PRB |SNS |SFO |    |        |
|                  +-------------------------------------------------+        |
|                  |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |        |
|                  +-------------------------------------------------+        |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
        The  only  inputs  required  are  CRUISE  ALTITUDE  and  WAYPOINT
        identifiers (1 to 4 characters).

        Cruise Altitude is entered in feet.  Using <RET> with no altitude 
        entry  defaults  to 5000 ft.  If you enter "0" the climb  profile 
        will be suppressed.  This feature is provided in case you want to 
        generate  a  Flight Plan which begins at a point other than  your 
        actual departure airport,  and you do not want a climb segment in 
        the  Flight  Plan.   Instead the Flight Plan will  start  out  at 
        cruise speed,  and cruise burn.   Note that suppressing the climb 
        profile  does  not  affect the cruise  performance  values--these 
        values do not change unless you change them.  Normally, the climb 
        profile is calculated based on (1)departure elevation,  (2)cruise 
        altitude,  (3)rate of climb,  (4)climb speed,  and (5)climb burn. 
        The  climb  segment continues until cruise altitude  is  reached, 
        even if a waypoint(s) has been passed--Ground Speed is average GS 
        and reflects any climb which occurred in that segment.  

        Descents are calculated based on (1)cruise altitude,  (2)destina-
        tion  elevation,   (3)rate  of  descent,   (4)cruise  speed,  and 
        (5)descent  burn.   Descent calculations begin AT OR  BEYOND  the  
        waypoint  preceding  the destination waypoint.   If  your  ACTUAL 
        descent will begin before that point,  your ACTUAL fuel burn will 
        be  slightly  LOWER than the Flight Plan indicates  (the  program 
        switches to descent burn at or beyond the next-to-last waypoint).  
        This  case will only occur if the next-to-last waypoint is  close 
        to your destination.  In any case, only the burn is affected, and 
        only that portion of the burn which occurs prior to the  next-to-
        last waypoint.    This difference is usually  insignificant,  and 
        the  error  is  in your favor.   You can manually  calculate  the 
        "start-point  of  descent" (include a wind estimate if  the  Wind 
        toggle is ON) and compare this to the Flight Plan.


                                  USERS MANUAL                    Page 31


        If  the climb profile was suppressed (cruise altitude was entered 
        as "0"), no descent profile will be calculated.    Since there is 
        no  descent  profile,  ACTUAL fuel burn during  descent  will  be 
        slightly  LOWER than the Flight Plan indicates.   The  difference 
        will usually be small.

        UPPERcase  characters (letters/numbers) are normally used in  the 
        main  data  files (lower case will generate a  "no  find").   One 
        exception  is  YOURDATA.DAT which may contain any combination  of 
        UPPERcase/lowercase/numbers (1 to 4 characters). 

             <RET> Enters  the waypoint into the  program.  20  waypoints 
                   maximum  are allowed--the program  will  automatically 
                   generate a Flight Plan after the 20th waypoint.
        <RET><RET> After the  last waypoint generates  the  Flight  Plan.
               <-> Removes  the  previously  entered  waypoint.   Another 
                   "-" removes the next previous, and so on.
             <ESC> May  be  entered at any time  during  waypoint  entry.  
                   This  will  cause an immediate return to  the  PRIMARY 
                   DEFAULTS Screen, and all waypoints will be cleared.
              "?"  In-place-of a Waypoint will activate the search window 
                   routine when encountered during the waypoint search.
              ^R   At any time will immediately display the Route  (.RTE) 
                   file list.

     Waypoints are displayed as they are found:
     +---------------------------------------------------------------------+
     |Cruise Altitude--> 6500                                              |
     |                  +-------------------------------------------------+|
     |Enter Waypoints-->|SAN |MZB |OCN |LGB |LAX |GVO |PRB |SNS |SFO |    ||
     |                  +-------------------------------------------------+|
     |                  |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    |    ||
     |FINDING -->LAX    +-------------------------------------------------+|
     +---------------------------------------------------------------------+

        If  a "no find" occurs on any waypoint,  you have several options 
        which  will  be covered later [Page 37].   If all  waypoints  are 
        found, the following messages will be displayed:

        +---------------------------------------------------------------+
        |Assembling Flight Plan data...                                 |
        |Assembling wind data...                                        |
        |Integrating wind data into Flight Plan...                      |
        +---------------------------------------------------------------+
        The  above messages will appear as each process begins.   If your 
        computer is very fast, you may not see these messages.

        "Assembling  wind data" means a wind value is being  assigned  to 
        every  waypoint.   "Integrating wind data into Flight Plan" means 
        the  following:  Actual wind values from each  adjacent  waypoint 
        pair are processed to determine an "effective wind direction" and 
        an  "effective  velocity" for that segment.   This results in  an 
        "effective wind vector" which reflects the total wind effect  for 
        that segment.  This value is used in calculating ETE, GS, and WCA 
        for  that segment;  Fuel USED and FOB are affected by the results 
        of these calculations.


                                  USERS MANUAL                    Page 32


        FLIGHT PLAN SCREEN

        Below  is  an  actual Flight Plan which was  generated  from  the 
        preceding WAYPOINT ENTRY screen.   Magnetic Courses are no  wind, 
        Rhumb  Line  courses (not Great Circle).  The winds are from  the 
        WIND TABLE example given on [Page 28], however they are displayed 
        as Magnetic direction (they have been corrected for variation).

+------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|  CES210C.APL               *** FLIGHT PLAN ***                   SAN to SFO  |
|                                                                              |
| FIX  FREQ   MC  DIST ETE  ETA/ATA  USED  FOB  GS  WIND WCA    LAT/LON/VAR    |
|                                                                              |
| SAN  -----               OFF______       80.0     23615    32.440/117.112/-14|
|e15                                                                           |
| MZB  117.8  312   3  :02 ____/____  1.2  78.8 118 23415-07 32.469/117.135/-15|
|                                                                              |
| OCN  115.3  326  29  :14 ____/____  3.1  75.7 128 22516-07 33.144/117.250/-15|
|                                                                              |
| LGB  -----  298  50  :20 ____/____  4.4  71.3 148 21118-06 33.491/118.090/-14|
|e57                                                                           |
| LAX  113.6  282  16  :06 ____/____  1.3  70.0 146 20519-07 33.560/118.259/-15|
|                                                                              |
| GVO  116.5  279  90  :38 ____/____  8.4  61.6 142 24812-05 34.319/120.054/-16|
|                                                                              |
| PRB  114.3  323  73  :30 ____/____  6.7  54.9 147 28407-03 35.404/120.376/-16|
|                                                                              |
| SNS  117.3  306  76  :32 ____/____  7.1  47.8 144 25312-02 36.398/121.361/-17|
|                                                                              |
| SFO  115.8  310  68  :29 ____/____  6.1  41.7 142 05309+02 37.372/122.224/-17|
|e11                                                                           |
|  TOTALS==>      405 2:51           38.3  41.7 142 <P>rint <O>ptions or <ESC>?|
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
 MORE OPTIONS [^Cndnsd  ^Eject]

        Explanation of FLIGHT PLAN display:

           "-----"   in the FREQ column means no frequency found
           MC      - No-wind  Magnetic Course from the previous  waypoint 
                     to the present waypoint.
           DIST    - Nautical miles
           ETE     - Estimated Time Enroute
           ETA/ATA - Estimated/Actual Time of Arrival
           USED    - Gallons used (or Pounds used)
           FOB     - Fuel On Board (remaining)
           GS      - Ground Speed (average) for this segment
           WIND    - MAGNETIC direction and velocity (knots)
           WCA     - Wind Correction Angle (average) to hold the MC,  from 
                     the previous waypoint to the present waypoint.
           LAT/LON - Expressed in DEGREES, MINUTES and DECIMAL MINUTES
           VAR     - Magnetic Variation
           e57     - Elevation  =  57  ft.  An elevation  with  no  radio 
                     frequency (-----)  usually means the waypoint is  an 
                     airport, not a navaid. 

           The last GS entry is the average for the entire flight.


                                  USERS MANUAL                    Page 33


           <P>rint   - Prints a hard copy (print out) of the Flight Plan.  
                       Additional  data is displayed on the bottom of the 
                       hard  copy--this  is  essentially  the  same  data 
                       displayed on the OPTIONS MENU screen and serves as 
                       a  reminder of the parameters used  in  generating 
                       the Flight Plan.
           <O>ptions - Calls the OPTIONS MENU
           <ESC>     - Returns  to  the PRIMARY  DEFAULTS  screen  (after 
                       asking if you if you are sure).


        If  you  select  option <P> the following will be  sent  to  your 
        printer:

+------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|  CES210C.APL               *** FLIGHT PLAN ***                   SAN to SFO  |
|                                                                              |
| FIX  FREQ   MC  DIST ETE  ETA/ATA  USED  FOB  GS  WIND WCA    LAT/LON/VAR    |
|                                                                              |
| SAN  -----               OFF______       80.0     23615    32.440/117.112/-14|
|e15                                                                           |
| MZB  117.8  312   3  :02 ____/____  1.2  78.8 118 23415-07 32.469/117.135/-15|
|                                                                              |
| OCN  115.3  326  29  :14 ____/____  3.1  75.7 128 22516-07 33.144/117.250/-15|
|                                                                              |
| LGB  -----  298  50  :20 ____/____  4.4  71.3 148 21118-06 33.491/118.090/-14|
|e57                                                                           |
| LAX  113.6  282  16  :06 ____/____  1.3  70.0 146 20519-07 33.560/118.259/-15|
|                                                                              |
| GVO  116.5  279  90  :38 ____/____  8.4  61.6 142 24812-05 34.319/120.054/-16|
|                                                                              |
| PRB  114.3  323  73  :30 ____/____  6.7  54.9 147 28407-03 35.404/120.376/-16|
|                                                                              |
| SNS  117.3  306  76  :32 ____/____  7.1  47.8 144 25312-02 36.398/121.361/-17|
|                                                                              |
| SFO  115.8  310  68  :29 ____/____  6.1  41.7 142 05309+02 37.372/122.224/-17|
|e11                                                                           |
|  TOTALS==>      405 2:51           38.3  41.7 142 <--average GS              |
| ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
|  TAS   CLIMB = 122/140  (Kts/Mph)         CRUISE  ALT = 6500      (Ft)       |
|  TAS  CRUISE = 152/175  (Kts/Mph)         FUEL   TAXI =  0.5/  3  (Gal/Lbs)  |
|  IAS  CRUISE = 138/158  (Kts/Mph)         BURN  CLIMB = 14.5/ 87  (Gph/Pph)  |
|  RATEofCLIMB = 500      (Fpm)             BURN CRUISE = 13.3/ 80  (Gph/Pph)  |
|  RATEofDSCNT = 700      (Fpm)             BURN  DSCNT = 11.0/ 66  (Gph/Pph)  |
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

        Notice that the data block above contains the information used to 
        generate the Flight Plan,  plus the Indicated Air Speed which you 
        should see at cruise altitude.   This value is computed from  the 
        TAS and CRUISE ALT,  and assumes that density altitude and CRUISE 
        ALT  are  equal.   You will find this IAS more accurate than  the 
        "2% per thousand" rule of thumb.  Note that if the CRUISE ALT = 0 
        (climb  profile  was suppressed),  the IAS value is  invalid  for 
        whatever cruise altitude you are actually using.


                                  USERS MANUAL                    Page 34


        OPTIONS MENU

Selecting the <O> option displays the following screen:
+----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|OPTIONS MENU: Enter parameter to change on present FLIGHT PLAN              |
|<A> TAS   CLIMB = 122/140  Kts/Mph       <F> FUELonBOARD = 80.0/480  Gal/Lbs|
|<B> TAS  CRUISE = 152/175  Kts/Mph       <G> FUEL   TAXI =  0.5/  3  Gal/Lbs|
|<C> RATEofCLIMB = 500      Fpm           <H> BURN  CLIMB = 14.5/ 87  Gph/Pph|
|<D> RATEofDSCNT = 700      Fpm           <I> BURN CRUISE = 13.3/ 80  Gph/Pph|
|<E> CRUISE  ALT = 6500     Ft            <J> BURN  DSCNT = 11.0/ 66  Gph/Pph|
|----------------------------------------------------------------------------|
|<W>ind is (ON),  <M>ake new FLIGHT PLAN, <S>how MORE OPTIONS, or <ESC>ape   |
+----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
 MORE OPTIONS [^Fuel  ^Wind]

        The OPTIONS MENU only affects the Flight Plan which you have just 
        generated,  and  allows  you  to change values and  generate  new 
        Flight Plans without re-entering the waypoints.  From this screen 
        you  can  "WHAT IF" as many Flight Plans as you wish to  see  how 
        each change affects the present Flight Plan.   You may also  turn 
        the wind ON or OFF--generating Flight Plans with or without wind. 
        The  present  waypoints  are  not lost until you  return  to  the 
        PRIMARY  DEFAULTS  screen.   Hit <ESC> to return to  the  PRIMARY 
        DEFAULTS  screen.   All  waypoint  entries are cleared  when  you 
        return  to  the  PRIMARY  DEFAULTS  screen.   These  are  "single 
        keystroke" commands.   If additional user input is required,  you 
        will be prompted.

        If you turn the winds ON (or OFF) from this screen,  they  remain 
        in that setting until changed again,  even when you return to the 
        PRIMARY  DEFAULTS  screen.   The winds may only be turned  ON/OFF 
        from the OPTIONS MENU or the WIND TABLE screen.


        OPTIONS MENU vs PRIMARY DEFAULTS Screen

        OPTIONS  MENU  values  are "temporary" whereas  PRIMARY  DEFAULTS 
        values are "permanent".  This means that all values which were on 
        the  PRIMARY DEFAULTS screen the last time you used it,  will  be 
        restored when you return to the PRIMARY DEFAULTS screen,  and all 
        values which were set from the OPTIONS MENU will be erased.   The 
        function  of  the OPTIONS MENU is to change values in the  Flight 
        Plan which was just generated.  The only setting which is carried 
        forward  from the OPTIONS MENU to the PRIMARY DEFAULTS screen  is 
        the  WIND toggle.   At this point,  you may wish to review use of 
        the PRIMARY DEFAULTS screen [Page 17].


                                  USERS MANUAL                    Page 35


        NO-WIND FLIGHT PLAN with FUEL DISPLAYED IN POUNDS

        To generate a "no wind" Flight Plan from the OPTIONS MENU:
            Hit <W> to turn OFF the wind, then
            Hit <M> to make a new Flight Plan

        The previous Flight Plan is shown below with the winds  OFF. Fuel 
        was toggled to Pounds by using ^F from the OPTIONS MENU. 

+------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|  CES210C.APL               *** FLIGHT PLAN ***                   SAN to SFO  |
|                                                                              |
| FIX  FREQ   MC  DIST ETE  ETA/ATA  USED  FOB  GS  WIND WCA    LAT/LON/VAR    |
|                                                                              |
| SAN  -----               OFF______       480#     00000    32.440/117.112/-14|
|e15                                                                           |
| MZB  117.8  312   3  :02 ____/____   7#  473# 122 00000+00 32.469/117.135/-15|
|                                                                              |
| OCN  115.3  326  29  :14 ____/____  19#  454# 127 00000+00 33.144/117.250/-15|
|                                                                              |
| LGB  -----  298  50  :20 ____/____  26#  428# 152 00000+00 33.491/118.090/-14|
|e57                                                                           |
| LAX  113.6  282  16  :06 ____/____   8#  420# 152 00000+00 33.560/118.259/-15|
|                                                                              |
| GVO  116.5  279  90  :35 ____/____  47#  373# 152 00000+00 34.319/120.054/-16|
|                                                                              |
| PRB  114.3  323  73  :29 ____/____  38#  335# 152 00000+00 35.404/120.376/-16|
|                                                                              |
| SNS  117.3  306  76  :30 ____/____  40#  295# 152 00000+00 36.398/121.361/-17|
|                                                                              |
| SFO  115.8  310  68  :27 ____/____  34#  261# 152 00000+00 37.372/122.224/-17|
|e11                                                                           |
|  TOTALS==>      405 2:43           219#  261# 149 <P>rint <O>ptions or <ESC>?|
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

        All  Flight  Plan  entries  above are  for  "0"  wind.   Fuel  is 
        displayed in Pounds, rather than Gallons.

        The following applies only to the "DIST" and "ETE" columns:
        You may note that occasionally,  the "TOTALS==>" in the "DIST" or 
        "ETE"  column  does not exactly equal the sum of  the  individual 
        entries.   This  sometimes occurs because each entry is  "rounded 
        off" before it is printed.  The "TOTAL" however, carries complete 
        accuracy until it is "rounded off" just before it is printed out.  
        This  difference  should rarely appear since it is usually  self-
        canceling--and if it does appear,  should not be more than 1 mile 
        or, 1 minute. The "TOTALS==>" is always the more accurate figure.


                                  USERS MANUAL                    Page 36


        SEARCHING FOR UNKNOWN IDENTIFIERS or CITY NAMES

        The files WEST, EAST, and ALASKA contain identifiers, city names, 
        and state.  EAST contains airports & navaids for the eastern half 
        of  contiguous the U.S.   WEST contains the western half  of  the 
        contiguous  U.S.  + navaids only for Canada and  Alaska.   ALASKA 
        contains  Alaska  airports only.   Alaska airports are  the  most 
        recent  addition  to the data base,  which is the reason for  the 
        "stand alone" file.   The map below is built into the <H>elp file 
        which may be called from the PROGRAM CONTROL menu.

           ...................................                           ..
           : ALASKA (6K)(airports only)  :  :...........             ...:  :
          :                              :             :....       ..:    .:
         :                               :                  :......:     :
         :           WEST (80K)           :                               :
        :                                :          EAST (98K)         ..:
        :       AZ CA CO ID KS MT        :.                            :
         :      ND NE NM NV OK OR         :    AL AR CT DE FL GA IA   :
          :     SD TX UT WA WY &          :    IL IN KY LA MA MD ME   :
           :    navaids only for          :    MI MN MO MS NC NH NJ   :
            :.  ALASKA    CANADA          :    NY OH PA RI SC TN    . :
              :...                        :    VA VT WI WV        .:
                  :....                   :..                   .:
                       :.......             :                   :
                               :.           :        ..........  :
                                :.....      :........:         :  :
                                      :   ..:                   :  :
                                       :.:                       :.:

        These  files  are ASCII and may be sent to your printer  using  a 
        print  utility or your TYPE function.   To print WEST for example 
        turn on your printer with ^P (CTRL-P) then enter TYPE WEST <RET>.  
        These  files  are not paginated so you may have to experiment  to 
        avoid  printing on the "perf" line (or set your printer  to  skip 
        over  the "perf").   You could also use your word processor for a 
        printout.  EAST & WEST will be over 50 pages long for each file.

        If  a  "?" is entered in place of a waypoint the  following  will 
        appear when the "?" is encountered during the waypoint search:

     +----------------------------------------------------------------------+
     |                                                                      |
     |Search which file? <E>AST or <W>EST or <RET>urn to enter filename     |
     |                                                                      |
     +----------------------------------------------------------------------+

        You may search EAST,  WEST or a file of your choosing (ALASKA for 
        example).  Just  hit "E" or "W" to designate EAST or  WEST.   Hit 
        <RET>  to  enter a specific filename to search.  Any sequence  of 
        characters may be used in the search.   If you wanted to find the 
        Airports  and  Navaids  in the San Diego  area  you  could  enter 
        "SAN D"  (don't  use  the quotes when using the  built-in  search 
        routines)  as  in the example below and the  following  would  be 
        displayed:


                                  USERS MANUAL                    Page 37


 Enter characters to find in WEST (use UPPERcase):SAN D
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|MZB    MISSION BAY (SAN DIEGO),CA                                            |
|NKX    NAVY MIRAMAR (SAN DIEGO),CA                                           |
|PGY    POGGI (SAN DIEGO),CA                                                  |
|SAN    SAN DIEGO (-INT'L-LINDBERGH),CA                                       |
|SDM    SAN DIEGO (BROWN),CA                                                  |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
                             <ESC>ape to stop search         <RET>urn for more

        After  locating the correct waypoint,  hit <ESC> to terminate the 
        search  routine.   The search window will remain in view and  you 
        will be prompted to enter the correct waypoint  identifier.   The 
        waypoint search will then automatically continue.

        You could also use the DOS "find" utility (FIND.EXE). To find San 
        Diego for example,  you could enter FIND "SAN D" WEST.  This is a 
        good way to get a listing of all the airports in a state:  for  a 
        listing   of   all  navaids  &  airports  in   California   enter 
        FIND ",CA" WEST <RET>.   You  should include the "," in this case 
        otherwise you will get every occurrence of the  characters  "CA".  
        Toggle  ^P  first if you want a hard copy.   FIND.EXE is  a  very 
        flexible   utility--consult   your  DOS  manual  for   additional 
        information.

        If  the program fails to find a waypoint as in "XXX"  below,  the 
        following message will appear:

+----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|Waypoint * XXX  * not found.                                                |
|Do you wish to <C>orrect entry, <E>nter coordinates, <R>estart, or <S>earch?|
+----------------------------------------------------------------------------+

        Select  the <S>earch option to activate the search  window.   The 
        procedure is exactly the same as described above.

        You may build your own file of identifiers and city names (a file 
        of YOURDATA.DAT waypoints?).  Pick any filename for the file, and 
        use that filename for the search window routine.   Be sure to use 
        ASCII ("pure text", no high-bit characters allowed).  You may use 
        "tabs" instead of spaces to keep the file smaller.  Use a maximum 
        of 77 characters on a line (keeps the line in the search window).
        And avoid the use of "," anywhere in the file (the search routine 
        will skip to the next line after encountering a ",").  It is also 
        possible to add your own data to WEST,  EAST,  etc. by using your 
        word  processor in the pure text (ASCII) mode.  Note that  "tabs" 
        are used in these files between the ident. and the city name. You 
        could  include "CKPT" or some other special character sequence in 
        your  "city names".  This will make it easy to get a  listing  of 
        your  personalized waypoints later,  if you forget the names  you 
        used.


                                  USERS MANUAL                    Page 38


        MANUAL ENTRY OF WAYPOINT DATA

        If you see the following message:

+----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|Waypoint * XXX  * not found.                                                |
|Do you wish to <C>orrect entry, <E>nter coordinates, <R>estart, or <S>earch?|
+----------------------------------------------------------------------------+

        You have the following options:

              <C>orrect the entry (maybe made a typo?)
              <E>nter the waypoint data manually
              <R>etart waypoint entry (enter all waypoints again)
              <S>earch for identifier or city name


        The following example assumes that the "previous waypoint" is 
           LAX: (33.560/118.259/-15), and the new waypoint is   
           XXX: (34.575/117.113/-15/122.8/1234).   

        If you select option "E" the following fill-in format screen will 
        appear: 
   +-------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   |   Enter as DEGREES, MINUTES & dECIMAL minutes (DD.MMd)                  |
   |   --if no variation is entered, variation of LAX  will be used.         |
   |   Frequency & Elevation are optional.                                   |
   |   Hit <RET> NOW to enter waypoint as Magnetic DIRECTION and DISTANCE.   |
   |WAYPOINT   LATITUDE   LONGITUDE   VARIATION   FREQUENCY   ELEVATION      |
   |   XXX     ? 34.575   ? 117.113   ? -15       ? 122.8     ? 1234         |
   +-------------------------------------------------------------------------+

        The  above  screen  is for entering  data  in  Latitude/Longitude 
        format, and example entries for "XXX" have been filled in.

        The following format must be used:
             Latitude:   34 degrees 57.5 minutes is entered as  34.575 
             Longitude: 117 degrees 11.3 minutes is entered as 117.113
                           (trailing 0's MUST be entered as in 121.000)
             Variation: for 15 degrees East enter -15
                        for  9 degrees West enter   9 or +9
             Frequency is entered as 122.8, 233, etc.  
             Elevation is entered in feet

        If you hit  <RET>  on the previous screen  without  entering  any 
        data, the DIRECTION/DISTANCE fill-in  format will appear (entries 
        corresponding  to the  previous example have  been  filled in for 
        waypoint "XXX"):
   +-------------------------------------------------------------------------+
   |   Enter as Magnetic DIRECTION and DISTANCE (Nautical miles)             |
   |   --if no variation is entered, variation of LAX  will be used.         |
   |   Frequency & Elevation are optional.                                   |
   |   DIRECTION is from LAX  to XXX                                         |
   |WAYPOINT   DIRECTION  DISTANCE    VARIATION   FREQUENCY   ELEVATION      |
   |   XXX     ? 030      ? 87        ? -15       ? 122.8     ? 1234         |
   +-------------------------------------------------------------------------+


                                  USERS MANUAL                    Page 39


        The   preceding  screen  is  for  entering  ddata   in   Magnetic 
        Direction/Distance format.   It is easier to use this screen, but 
        you  must  measure angles and distances accurately.  The  program 
        will  calculate  the Latitude and Longitude of waypoint  XXX  and 
        store  it in memory.  If you then save XXX to  YOURDATA.DAT  (see 
        MORE  ON  MANUAL  DATA ENTRY below),  it will be saved  with  the 
        calculated Latitude & Longitude.   The next time you use XXX  the 
        program will find it automatically.

        Frequency  and  Elevation are optional entries.   If you wish  to 
        leave  them blank,  hit a <RET> for those entries.  If you hit  a 
        <RET> for the Variation entry, the program will automatically use 
        the Variation from the PREVIOUS waypoint (LAX in this case).


        MORE ON MANUAL DATA ENTRY
        If waypoint data is entered manually it is stored in memory.  The 
        program  will  give you an opportunity (prompt) later on to  save 
        this  data to YOURDATA.DAT.  If the write to YOURDATA.DAT  toggle 
        was already on, this will occur automatically.  This data will be 
        erased  when  you again call the WAYPOINT INPUT screen (when  you 
        begin  a  new  Flight Plan),  so be sure  to  follow  the  "save" 
        instructions   when   prompted.    Data   saved  will   be   used 
        automatically   in  subsequent  Flight  Plans.    The  write   to 
        YOURDATA.DAT toggle is controlled from the PROGRAM CONTROL  menu.  
        It  is usually best to leave this toggle OFF to prevent  unwanted 
        waypoints from being written automatically to YOURDATA.DAT.

        *** Note:  manual data entry requires understanding the effect of 
        Station  Declination.   Possible  error is usually small  in  the 
        Lat/Lon format,  however in the Bearing/Distance format the error 
        can  be significant,  especially if you are creating an  accurate 
        data base of your own: if you input accurate angle, distance, and 
        variation values, the program will calculate precise Latitude and 
        Longitude.   The problem is that actual magnetic variation  (from 
        the  nearest  isogonic line) may be different from  the  "station 
        declination"  by as much as 3 degrees.  A 3 degree error measured 
        at a distance of 60 miles could cause a 3 mile error in  Latitude 
        and  Longitude  calculation.   Only a few VOR's have a  3  degree 
        difference,  but  many have a 1 or 2 degree difference.   Here is 
        the definition of Station Declination:

          "The   orientation  with  respect  to  true  north  of   VHF 
           transmitted signals.  The orientation is originally made to 
           agree with the magnetic variation (an uncontrollable global 
           phenomenon) at the site.   Hence station declination (fixed 
           by  man) may differ from changed magnetic  variation  until 
           the station is reoriented"

        By  using the following rules you should be able to create a very 
        accurate data base of waypoints.


                                  USERS MANUAL                    Page 40


        *** Rules of thumb:
            Case (1) - Enter Latitude, Longitude,  and PUBLISHED Magnetic 
                       Variation  (if  none  is  published,   use  actual 
                       variation from a current chart's isogonic lines).
            Case (2) - Measure  Magnetic  Direction from the NEAREST  VOR 
                       compass  rose  on your chart  (measure  the  angle 
                       carefully)  to your waypoint.   Enter the distance 
                       in  Nautical miles from the VOR to your  waypoint. 
                       For  Variation hit <RET> with no Variation entry--
                       this  will  force  the  program  to  pick  up  the 
                       variation  of the previous waypoint (it should  be 
                       the VOR station you are measuring from).   You may 
                       build  a "dummy" Flight Plan to accurately  create 
                       waypoints,  then  generate the actual Flight  Plan 
                       after  the  program has stored  the  waypoints  in 
                       YOURDATA.DAT as Latitude and Longitude.

        Case (2) note:  avoid  using VOR stations which are  closer  than 
        6 miles  from  your new waypoint.   The conversion  routines  may 
        produce  a  small error in setting Latitude & Longitude for  very 
        short distances.   If you can't avoid using a short distance,  be 
        sure  to verify that the Latitude & Longitude have been correctly 
        calculated and stored in YOURDATA.DAT as described below.

        VERIFYING USER CREATED WAYPOINTS
        After  creating a "new waypoint" with the Bearing/Distance format 
        you may verify that the correct Latitude & Longitude were  stored 
        in  YOURDATA.DAT in the following way:  have the program create a 
        "two  waypoint" Flight Plan using the original "source"  VOR  and 
        your  "newly created waypoint" which was stored in  YOURDATA.DAT.  
        This  course  and distance should be the same as  you  originally 
        entered (rounded off to the nearest mile).   If it is, the stored 
        waypoint coordinates (Latitude & Longitude) should be valid.

        ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
        ADDITIONAL NOTES ABOUT MAGNETIC VARIATION VALUES:
        NAVAIDS.DAT uses the current PUBLISHED magnetic variation,  which 
        is  often NOT the same as the ACTUAL magnetic variation which you 
        would  find  by consulting the nearest isogonic line on  a  chart 
        (the  airways  conform  to these PUBLISHED values).  If  you  are 
        adding  data  to YOURDATA.DAT using  the  Bearing/Distance  input 
        format,  and you hit <RET> for the Variation value, the Variation 
        is used from the "reference" (the VOR station) waypoint.   If you 
        want  to be sure that you are using the "actual"  variation,  you 
        should  enter  it  manually.   You may use YOURDATA.EXE  to  make 
        corrections to YOURDATA.DAT. The above mentioned problem does not 
        exist  if  you are using the  Latitude/Longitude/Variation  input 
        format, since you always enter the Variation manually.

        AIRPORT1.DAT/AIRPORTX.DAT use ACTUAL variation from the currently 
        charted isogonic lines.   This means that occasionally there will 
        be  a slight difference between a course line plotted from a  VOR 
        to an Airport vs. a course from the Airport to the VOR.


                                  USERS MANUAL                    Page 41


        MORE OPTIONS menu

        Selecting  <S>how MORE OPTIONS from the OPTIONS MENU will display 
        the following screen:
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|                          +-------------------+                              |
|                          | MORE OPTIONS menu |                              |
|                          |   <ESC> to exit   |                              |
|                          +-------------------+                              |
|       Options listed may be activated/deactivated from THIS menu,           |
|                     or from the menus listed below.                         |
|    Whenever allowed, these options are displayed at bottom of screen.       |
|Activate options with the CONTROL (^) key, and the appropriate option key.   |
|                                                                             |
|       PRIMARY DEFAULTS                         WAYPOINT ENTRY screen        |
|^D  set fuel Density                     ^R  Route files (select Route)      |
|^F  Fuel pounds/gallons (toggle)                                             |
|^Q  Quit program (<Q>uit also works)            FLIGHT PLAN screen           |
|                                         ^C  Condensed/normal print (toggle) |
|       OPTIONS menu                      ^E  Eject page from printer         |
|^F  Fuel pounds/gallons (toggle)                                             |
|^R  Route files (reverse Route)                 PROGRAM CONTROL menu         |
|^W  WIND TABLE access                    ^Q  Quit program (<Q>uit also works)|
|                                                                             |
|       MORE OPTIONS menu                        AIRPLANE EDIT mode           |
|^R  Route files (save Route)             ^F  Fuel pounds/gallons (toggle)    |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+

        Whenever  allowed,  these options are displayed at the bottom  of 
        the  screen  in  reverse video (shadow  line).   To  activate  an 
        option,  hold  down  the  CONTROL key  and  press  the  character 
        following the "^".  Hit <ESC> to exit this menu and return to the 
        Flight Plan screen.

        ^C Sets condensed print on your printer if it is Epson compatible,
           otherwise  it should have no effect.   If your printer is  not 
           Epson compatible you will have to set condensed print manually 
           or with an external command.   Consult your printer manual for 
           instructions.  ^C is a toggle.   Hitting ^C a second time will 
           set your Epson compatible back to normal print.
        ^D Allows  you  to change the fuel density (default is 6.0  Ppg).  
           This feature is mainly for those using Jet-A fuel which has  a 
           higher  density  than  avgas.  You will have to set  the  new 
           density each time you restart the program.
        ^E Ejects the page from your printer.  This feature is mainly for 
           those with a laser printer.   This feature should work on  any 
           printer since "eject" is a standard ASCII "control" character.
        ^F This is the fuel Pounds/Gallons toggle.   Each time you hit ^F 
           all  fuel entries and Flight Plan fuel switch to the  opposite 
           format.   The program always starts up in Gallons, just hit ^F 
           to switch to Pounds.
        ^Q Quits the program ("Q" also works where ever ^Q works).
        ^R The Route file control has three possible functions  depending 
           upon which screen it is called from:
             1> WAYPOINT INPUT screen: allows selection of a Route file.
             2> OPTIONS MENU: reverses present route (return trip).
             3> MORE OPTIONS menu: saves present route to disk.
        ^W Calls the WIND TABLE for editing.


                                  USERS MANUAL                    Page 42


        NAVAIDS.DAT in Canada and Alaska

        The  following  applies mainly to Navaids in Canada  and  Alaska. 
        There  are  numerous  duplicate identifiers used in  these  areas 
        (mostly in Canada).  If the program finds an incorrect identifier 
        using the published identifier code,  that identifier may be used 
        in  more  than one location.   To allow the data base to  use  an 
        identifier more than one time, the following system was used:

        THREE CHARACTER IDENTIFIERS
           1.  First occurrence use UPPERcase identifier
           2.  Second occurrence use lowercase identifier
                  ABC  <-- 1st occurrence
                  abc  <-- 2nd occurrence

        ONE OR TWO CHARACTER IDENTIFIERS
           1.  First occurrence use standard UPPERcase identifier
           2.  Second (or more) occurrence append a lowercase x, y, z, or w
               to the UPPERcase identifier as follows:
                  AB   <-- 1st occurrence
                  ABx  <-- 2nd occurrence
                  ABy  <-- 3rd occurrence
                  ABz  <-- 4th occurrence
                  ABw  <-- 5th occurrence 

        The above mentioned duplications also occur in a few locations in 
        the contiguous U.S.   These identifiers can be found in the files 
        WEST and EAST.

        Note: all  the  above  applies  ONLY  to  NAVAIDS  since  Airport 
              identifiers are always UPPERcase and are never repeated.

        If  you  are  using  YOURDATA.DAT,   you  should  not  choose  an 
        identifier  which  is already being used in  NAVAIDS.DAT.   These 
        lowercase  identifiers  are  in  the files  WEST  and  EAST  (use 
        the built-in search routines or FIND.EXE to locate them).

        A note of caution about Canada and Alaska.   Magnetic  Variations 
        in  some areas of Canada and nearly all of Alaska are very large.  
        This  means the consequences of an error are greater than in  the 
        "lower 48".  At this point we have had very little feed-back from 
        users  in  Canada  and Alaska.   So far  no  problems  have  been 
        reported.   The  equations  in the program seem to  produce  good 
        course lines up north, but we have done very limited testing.  We 
        do  not  know if valid course lines are produced in  the  extreme 
        northern latitudes.   If you ever operate in these areas,  please 
        let us know if you have any problems, or if everything works O.K.

        One  more note about Canada.  Since there are numerous  duplicate 
        identifiers,  be  sure  you are using the one you  meant  to  use 
        (check  WEST using the built-in search routines or FIND.EXE to be 
        sure).   A good cross-check is to compare the Navaid frequency on 
        the  Flight Plan with the frequency on your  chart.   And  please 
        report any errors you find in the data base.


                                  USERS MANUAL                    Page 43


        OTHER FILES ON THE SOURCE DISK

        BLANKFRM.EXE
        Produces blank "fill in" Flight Plan forms, 2 per page.  There is 
        sufficient  space on each form for 9 waypoints.  The program will 
        produce  the  forms using IBM graphics lines if your printer  has 
        the  capability,  otherwise it will print using "standard"  ASCII 
        characters.   This program is provided for those times when  your 
        printer  is inoperative or unavailable.   Type BLANKFRM <RET> for 
        instructions.

        CRC.EXE & CRCKLIST.400
        CRCKLIST.400  contains  the CRC's (Cyclic Redundancy Checks)  for 
        most of the files on the distribution disk(s).  CRC's are similar 
        to  checksums,  but are mathematically less likely to contain  an 
        error.  With these files you can verify the integrity of most  of 
        the  NAVIGATE files.   If you obtained the program files directly 
        from NAVIGATE Inc. it is probably unnecessary to check the CRC's.  
        However,  if  you  obtained the files from another source  it  is 
        recommended that you run CRC.EXE.   The CRC files are normally on 
        Disk-C.   Insert  Disk-C in any drive and type  CRC  <RET>.   The 
        files  on  Disk-C will be checked automatically.   To verify  the 
        files on Disk-A and Disk-B, copy CRC.EXE and CRCKLIST.400 to each 
        disk and repeat the above instructions.   You are looking for the 
        message "*match*" which means the file is O.K.  The message "File 
        not found" is also O.K.   This means the file is not on the  disk 
        being tested.

        COPYING FILES 
        You  are  authorized to copy all the NAVIGATE files and  to  pass 
        them  on to other interested users.   This is only subject to two 
        restrictions.   (1) that the files not be altered in any way, and 
        (2)  that you include all the member files in  any  copies.   Any 
        copies which do not include CRCKLIST.400 are invalid copies.

        PREFERRED METHODS OF COPYING
        Making a disk-to-disk copy is the fastest method.   Take care  to 
        include all the member files.  Always type VERIFY ON <RET> before 
        you start. Then type COPY *.* A: B: and follow the prompts on the 
        screen.  DISKCOPY.COM may also be used.   Type DISKCOPY A: B: and 
        follow the prompts.

        Copying  an "ARChive" file is the easiest method.   This has  the 
        advantage  that  CRC's are automatically calculated and  verified 
        when  the  member  files  are  extracted  from  the  ARChive.  In 
        addition,  all member files are in the ARChive,  so none will  be 
        accidentally  left  out.  The  disadvantage is  that  an  ARChive 
        utility must be used.   There are public domain ARChive utilities 
        available.   These  can be found on many RBBS's (Remote  Bulletin 
        Board Systems) under the filename ARC.EXE or a similar name.


                                  USERS MANUAL                    Page 44


        A  complete  copy  of  all NAVIGATE files  is  available  in  the 
        following ARChives:

                     NAV4.ARC                 NAV4DATA.ARC

        You  must  copy  both ARChive files for  a  complete  copy.  (the 
        combined  files  are too large to fit on  one  360k  disk).   The  
        ARChive  utility will automatically "extract" all of  the  member 
        files after which the program will be ready to run.  When you run 
        the  ARChive  utility  instructions will be produced for  you  to 
        follow.   After  the NAVIGATE files have been  "extracted"  check 
        [Page 14] for correct file placement on your disks.


        HOW TO GET A COPY OF NAVIGATE
        The best way is to copy it from someone else.   If you can locate 
        it  on a  RBBS you can download it via modem.  The libraries  are 
        very large and require more than 1 hour to download at 1200 baud, 
        and about 40 minutes at 2400 baud.   This could be detrimental to 
        your phone bill, so...

        For a complete, ready-to-run copy of NAVIGATE send $5.00 to cover 
        disks, mailer and postage to:

                                 NAVIGATE Inc.
                                 P.O. Box 4493
                            Thousand Oaks, CA  91359
             
        The  files will normally be delivered on three 360K  disks.   The 
        files will be "ready to run" unless you specify that you want the 
        ARChive version.

        If you need a different format:   single-sided,  high-density (80 
        track),  320K,  etc.) be sure to specify exactly which format you 
        need.  High-density  disks  (1.2M 80 track) will be sent  on  one 
        disk.   3-1/2  disks will be sent on two 720K disks,  unless  you 
        specify  high-density  (1.44M).   1.44M requires only  one  disk.  
        Single-sided  will be sent on two disks,  with both sides written 
        as  though each side were a single-sided disk (in effect we  have 
        "4" disks).  We can also do 720K 5 1/4" disks if you request them 
        (still requires two disks) but we prefer to use 360K.


                                  USERS MANUAL                    Page 45


        TO RBBS SYSOPS
        Feel  free  to  place NAV4.ARC and  NAV4DATA.ARC  on  your  RBBS.  
        Aviation  oriented  users  will find NAVIGATE a  powerful  flight 
        planning tool. Non-aviation oriented folks will probably find the 
        files of little interest.   The ARChives are large, due mainly to 
        the  large  data bases.  The files in the NAVIGATE  ARChives  are 
        offered  as  Shareware  under the conditions  set  forth  at  the 
        beginning  of  this manual.   Users are encouraged  to  register.  
        Registration  entitles the user to assistance in getting  started 
        with  the  program,  later versions when they are  released,  and 
        periodic  updates  of  the data bases.   The data  bases  require 
        periodic updating because the data is constantly changing. 

        GETTING HELP WITH THE PROGRAM
        If  you are a Registered User,  and you encounter a problem  with 
        NAVIGATE  which can't be resolved by reading the  manual,  please 
        send a note to NAVIGATE Inc. describing the problem.  Suggestions 
        concerning  operation  of  the  program,  changes,  enhancements, 
        documentation, etc. will be considered for future releases.  Even 
        if you don't register, please report any "bugs" in the program or 
        errors  in the data bases.   Selected suggestions and  data  base 
        errors will be placed on the Q & A sheet which goes out with each 
        program.   Data Base errors will be corrected and included in the 
        next Data Base update for Registered Users.  

        If you are a Registered User,  and have a modem,  you may receive 
        assistance,  report bugs,  etc.  by calling SYSTEM-2 RBBS (Remote 
        Bulletin  Board  System).   You may leave messages to  the  SYSOP 
        (SYStem OPerator) and call back later to receive answers to  your 
        questions.   The  phone number for SYSTEM-2 is supplied when  you 
        register, and your Registered Users number is your RBBS password. 
        If you have the RBBS phone number,  but are not a Registered User 
        it's  O.K.  to call,  but we prefer to handle communication  with 
        non-registered  users by mail.   If you call without a Registered 
        User  number,  sign  on as a new user and pick any  password  you 
        wish.   And be sure to leave a message to the SYSOP when prompted 
        so that he will know that you have left a message.

        You  can call this RBBS anytime,  24 hours-per-day,  and it won't 
        disturb anyone.   This system is on line almost continuously.  If 
        it  rings  more than 5-6 times,  it is probably  temporarily  off 
        line.   If  the line is busy,  please wait a short time and  call 
        back.   This  is  a Private RBBS which is dedicated  entirely  to 
        supporting  NAVIGATE.   Please  don't  give out  this  number  to 
        anyone;  it is not a public RBBS,  and there is nothing on it  of 
        interest to the general public anyway.  By making arrangements in 
        advance,  it  may be possible to place the NAVIGATE ARChives,  or 
        other files on the RBBS for downloading.   Leave a message to the 
        SYSOP if you wish to make such arrangements.


                                  USERS MANUAL                    Page 46


        THE LAST PAGE
        The original version (1.0) of NAVIGATE was written several  years 
        ago to fill the need for a fast Flight Plan.  Something to go out 
        the door with when there was too little time to do the job right.
        The original wasn't very fancy,  nor friendly either,  but it was 
        fast and accurate.  It soon became a necessity.  

        Version  2.0  was  a complete  re-write,  incorporated  many  new 
        features such as wind routines, suggestions from other users, and 
        a  much  larger  data base.   The waypoint search  routines  were 
        acceptable, but a little slow.

        Version  3.0  contained  many new features  including  very  fast 
        waypoint  search routines.  The data base was expanded to include 
        the  contiguous U.S.   Over 1000 hours went into  development  of 
        this  version,  which  included  unlimited airplane files  and  a 
        start-up (default) airplane file.  All defaults were designed  to 
        be set for you automatically, so you could have a "0" wind flight 
        plan printing out as soon as the program found the waypoints.

        Version  4.0 is a unique version because nearly every new feature 
        was  added in response to suggestions from users of the  program. 
        All  suggestions received were entered into a suggestion log  and 
        considered  when the new coding began.  Most often mentioned  and 
        implemented  were a pounds/gallons toggle,  saving route files to 
        disk,  better  access  of  the  wind  routines,  built-in  search 
        routines  for identifiers & city names,  and built-in editing  of 
        the  airplane files (used to be done with an  external  program). 
        Many  other changes were made,  including improved input formats, 
        and extensive input and device error trapping.   We are  grateful 
        to everyone who took the time to send in suggestions.

        NEWCOMERS TO AVIATION (and everyone)
        If you are new to aviation...If you have been away from  aviation 
        for some time...If you are a little fuzzy on how to plot a course 
        line  and figure your time,  distance,  and ground speed...If you 
        don't remember how to calculate a wind correction angle...If  you 
        have some questions about fuel consumption and minimum reserves..
        etc... Be very cautious with this program.  You should be able to 
        manually reproduce every calculation in the Flight Plan printout.  
        If you can't do this, you should not use this program. If you are 
        a  Student Pilot and you use this program at all,  use it only to 
        verify  your own calculations--don't short-circuit your  learning 
        process.   If this program were to produce some bad numbers,  you 
        must have the ability to recognize it.

        FROM NAVIGATE Inc.
        We  hope you find NAVIGATE a useful,  time-saving tool which will 
        make flight planning easier.  You should now be able to "what if" 
        different routings,  and choose  the most scenic one, fastest, or 
        the  most  efficient.  Several different Flight  Plans  could  be 
        printed  out  in  advance and the closest one  to  actual  flight 
        conditions  chosen  later on when you can't get to the  computer.  
        You  may also find that you can take a guess at the  winds,  some 
        time in advance, and produce a fairly accurate Flight Plan (maybe 
        several  guesses,  and several Flight  Plans).   Please  exercise  
        good judgment when using this program and use it in the spirit in 
        which it is offered.


                           REGISTRATION & ORDER FORM
                           -------------------------

     NAVIGATE  is offered as SHAREWARE under the terms and conditions  set 
     forth  in  the  Users Manual.  This means you may obtain  a  copy  of 
     NAVIGATE  at  no cost (except for disks,  mailer,  & postage) and  no 
     obligation.   After you are familiar with the program,  you may  then 
     make a decision whether or not to become a Registered User.

              Send this form to:   NAVIGATE Inc.
                                   P.O. Box 4493
                              Thousand Oaks, CA  91359
         __
        |__| To become a Registered User ..........................$ 36.00
        |__| Sales tax (California residents only) ................$  2.16
        |__| Annual Data Base updates (3 updates) .................   N/C
             (for Registered Users only--we supply all update disks)
         __  
      1>|__| Complete copy of Navigate (we supply the disks) ......$  5.00
      2>|__| Complete copy of the Users Manual (48 pages) .........$  5.00
     _____________________________________________________________________
           Above rates cover all costs of disks, mailer and postage.
              Make check or money order payable to NAVIGATE Inc.

      1> The program files can be sent in any of the following formats:
            __                               __
           |__| three  5 1/4" 360K  disks   |__|two  3 1/2" 720K  disks
           |__| two    5 1/4" 720K  disks   |__|one  3 1/2" 1.44M disk
           |__| one    5 1/4" 1.2M  disk

         If you do not specify a disk format,  the program will be sent on
         three 5 1/4" 360K disks.   On request, we can do single-sided IBM
         formats.   We will attempt to do other special formats--please be
         very  specific  about the format when you make your  request.  If
         your  initial order includes registration,  the $5 disk  mail-out
         charge  is  waived--and you will receive all  disks  immediately.
         The current data base update will be sent in a separate mailer.
      2> Note: the  Users Manual  is  included on disk  with  the  program 
         files--we  can send you a copy of the manual if you do not have a 
         printer or encounter difficulty in printing out the manual.
     =====================================================================
     IF YOU WANT TO BECOME A REGISTERED USER:
     Please record me as a Registered User of the NAVIGATE Flight Planning
     program.  I  understand  that I will immediately receive  the  latest
     version of NAVIGATE and the current data base update.  Two additional
     updates  will be sent after January 1 of each year,  at no additional
     charge.   Annual updates beyond this period are planned to be offered
     for  $12  per year.   I have read the USERS MANUAL and  agree,  as  a
     Registered User, to the terms and conditions for using this program.

                  Signed: _____________________________________
     =====================================================================

     Name (please print): ________________________________________________

     Address: ____________________________________________________________

     City: ______________________________  State: ___  Zip Code: _________

     NAVIGATE vers # ______  Registered Users # (if assigned) ____________
     IBM or IBM Compatible
     make/model/disk format ______________________________________________



Return Address:

____________________________

____________________________

____________________________



                                      NAVIGATE Inc.

                                      P.O. Box 4493

                                      Thousand Oaks, CA  91359




NAVIGATE comment form
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          Please write questions,  comments,  suggestions, corrections 

          to  the data base,  bugs found,  etc.  on the reverse  side.  

          User feedback is encouraged and appreciated.         Thanks!









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