



    ________________________________________________________________________
                          Chapter 2: Fundamentals of Using HyperPAD   23
    ________________________________________________________________________


    CHAPTER 2:  FUNDAMENTALS OF USING HYPERPAD

    This chapter describes the elements of a HyperPAD screen and tells you
    how to perform the procedures most commonly used in working with
    HyperPAD. In short, it covers all the essential terminology, concepts,
    features, and operations.
    Although this chapter is geared toward first-time HyperPAD users, it
    will also be helpful to experienced users who have recently updated to
    HyperPAD 2.0 or who need to refresh their memory about HyperPAD basics.

    Here's a friendly warning to all HyperPAD users: The fundamental
    terminology, concepts, features, and procedures are described at length
    only in this chapter. In subsequent chapters, we'll simply use the
    terminology, refer to the concepts and features, and tell you to perform
    the procedures--without explaining them in detail again. That is, we'll
    assume you know what we're talking about. If you forget anything, just
    return to this chapter for a quick review. (To make it easier for you to
    look up the major topics covered here, we've listed them below. By the
    end of the chapter, you'll be quite comfortable with the terminology in
    these lists, so don't be concerned if there's anything here that you
    can't immediately understand.)
    The components of a HyperPAD screen, which are discussed in the first
    section of Chapter 2, include:

        0  Menu bar

        0  Title bar

        0  Buttons

        0  Fields

        0  Command line

        0  Message line

        0  Status bar



    ________________________________________________________________________
                          Chapter 2: Fundamentals of Using HyperPAD   24
    ________________________________________________________________________


    The fundamental HyperPAD procedures, which are discussed in the second
    section of Chapter 2, include:

        0  Selecting commands from menus

        0  Selecting buttons

        0  Selecting commands from the command line

        0  Working with fields

        0  Selecting from list boxes

        0  Filling out dialog boxes

        0  Navigating within HyperPAD

        0  Accessing the on-line Help system

        0  Exiting from HyperPAD


    COMPONENTS OF THE HYPERPAD SCREEN

    The following illustrations show the elements most commonly found on
    HyperPAD screens. This section will help you make sense of these
    elements.
 Ŀ
                                                                        
  **** The Printed Documentation has a picture or screen shot here **** 
                                                                        
 

    



    ________________________________________________________________________
                          Chapter 2: Fundamentals of Using HyperPAD   25
    ________________________________________________________________________


 Ŀ
                                                                        
  **** The Printed Documentation has a picture or screen shot here **** 
                                                                        
 
    

    You should be aware that some of the components of a HyperPAD screen
    only display information (i.e., there's nothing you actually have to do
    with these components other than understand what information they
    present), whereas other components let you perform certain tasks (i.e.,
    you have to know how to operate them). We'll explain the purpose of both
    types of components in this section, but we'll save the how-to
    procedures for the next section of the chapter, "Basic HyperPAD Tasks."


    MENU BAR

    A menu is a group of related HyperPAD commands. By selecting a command
    from a menu, you instruct HyperPAD to carry out an action. The names of
    the currently available menus are listed on the menu bar, a horizontal
    strip at the very top of the HyperPAD screen.

    In the second half of this chapter, you'll learn how to use the keyboard
    or the mouse to open a menu (i.e., make the menu display its commands)
    and then select a command from the open menu.

    If you decide you don't want the menu bar displayed, you can toggle the
    menu bar on and off by holding down the ALT key and pressing SPACE
    (ALT+SPACE).



    ________________________________________________________________________
                          Chapter 2: Fundamentals of Using HyperPAD   26
    ________________________________________________________________________


    ADDITIONAL MENUS

    When you first start working with HyperPAD, you have access to five
    menus: File, Edit, Database, Go, and Workspace. If you start working
    with HyperPAD's design capabilities, discussed in the second half of the
    HyperPAD User's Guide, you'll learn how to gain access to three more
    menus Tools, Objects, and Block as well as to expanded versions of the
    File, Edit, and Workspace menus.


    TITLE BAR

    The title bar appears below the menu bar. On the left-hand side, the
    title bar shows the name of the current pad. In those few cases where a
    particular screen within a pad has its own name, the screen name is
    displayed in the center of the title bar.

    The pad name and the screen name (if any) are just there for your
    information, so you'll always know where you are in HyperPAD. However,
    on the right-hand side of all HyperPAD title bars (except those in the
    on-line Help system), there appears a box labeled "F1=Help." This box is
    a device called a button. Selecting the F1=Help button takes you to the
    Help system. In the next subsection, you'll learn a bit more about
    buttons, and in the second half of this chapter, you'll learn how to
    operate them.


    BUTTONS

    Buttons are rectangular areas on a HyperPAD screen that
    usually display a name indicating their function. Buttons might look
    unimpressive, but they're actually powerful devices that can, among
    other things, link you to different points both within and beyond
    HyperPAD.

    Suppose you're working in a pad and want to hop straight to another pad,
    or run one of your other software programs, or go to the Index for the
    Help system and pick a topic. No problem! Selecting a button can take
    you from where you are to where you want to go in a single easy
    operation. In the second half of this chapter, you'll learn how to
    select buttons using simple keyboard and mouse techniques.


    FIELDS

    A field is a rectangular area on a HyperPAD screen into which you can
    type information. In the page from the Phone pad shown at the start of
    this section, John Smith's name, address, and phone numbers are
    displayed in fields. Fields can range in size from small enough to hold



    ________________________________________________________________________
                          Chapter 2: Fundamentals of Using HyperPAD   27
    ________________________________________________________________________


    only a single character to large enough to cover the entire screen. In
    the second half of this chapter, you'll learn how to enter information
    into fields.


    COMMAND LINE

    The command line, a new feature in HyperPAD 2.0, appears as a row of
    numbered commands near the bottom of many HyperPAD screens. It displays
    both commands that are specific to the current pad and selected menu
    commands that you'll use often in working with the pad.

    Since the command line's numbered commands are actually buttons, picking
    a command from the command line will be explained together with using
    buttons in the second half of this chapter.


    MESSAGE LINE

    The message line, another new feature in HyperPAD 2.0, is a strip at the
    very bottom of the HyperPAD screen that presents a brief reminder of how
    to perform one or more basic procedures required to work with a
    particular HyperPAD screen.

    As indicated in the next subsection, you could have HyperPAD replace the
    message line with the status bar, depending on which information you
    prefer to have visible.


    STATUS BAR

    The status bar is a strip at the very bottom of the HyperPAD screen that
    appears in place of the message line--but only if you turn it on. Its
    purpose is to display important information about the pad you're working
    with.

    On the left-hand side of the status bar, you can see the name of the
    current pad and the number of the page you're viewing within that pad.
    On the right-hand side of the status bar, you can see the name of the
    HyperPAD tool you're working with. (This will probably be the Browse
    tool, which HyperPAD automatically selects when you're simply using the
    pads rather than redesigning existing pads or designing new
    pads.)

    On the far right edge of the status bar, special symbols appear if you
    have the CAPS LOCK and/or NUM LOCK key locked. If you were using
    HyperPAD's design capabilities (discussed in the second half of the
    User's Guide), you might see additional information on the right-hand
    side of the status bar.



    ________________________________________________________________________
                          Chapter 2: Fundamentals of Using HyperPAD   28
    ________________________________________________________________________


    Later in this chapter, we'll show you how to turn on the status bar
    during a particular HyperPAD session. If you'd like to save yourself the
    trouble of having to activate the status bar, the "Customizing HyperPAD"
    section in Chapter 3 tells you how to tailor HyperPAD so it
    automatically displays the status bar rather than the message line.

    When first learning to use HyperPAD, you may want to leave the status
    bar off so you can see the message line, with its brief reminders about
    how to perform basic tasks associated with the current screen. However,
    once you start working with pads that have a number of pages (such as
    the Phone pad), you'll probably want to keep the status bar displayed so
    you can see the page numbers.

    If you have the status bar displayed and want to shut it off in order to
    see the message line, hold down the ALT key and press SPACE (ALT+SPACE).
    Doing this causes both the menu bar and the status bar to toggle on and
    off together.

    Now that you understand what you're seeing when you look at a HyperPAD
    screen, let's check out the HyperPAD operations you'll need to perform
    most often.


    BASIC HYPERPAD TASKS

    This section explains the procedures for operating some of the elements
    you've already seen on the HyperPAD screen, including how to open up
    menus and select commands from the open menus, how to select buttons and
    choose a command from the command line, and how to use fields. This
    section also introduces you to a number of other common HyperPAD
    procedures, including how to use list boxes, how to fill out dialog
    boxes in order to give HyperPAD vital information, how to navigate from
    one place to another within HyperPAD, and how to reach HyperPAD's on-
    line Help system. The last part of this section reviews the information
    on exiting from HyperPAD presented in Chapter 1 and also introduces
    another way to exit.

    This section is your first real opportunity to play with HyperPAD, so we
    suggest that you take the time to try out each of these key procedures
    as you read about them. Hands-on experience is the best way to get a
    feel for how any new program works, and HyperPAD is no exception.

    Since we'll be showing you how to perform each of the basic HyperPAD
    tasks both with the keyboard and with the mouse, we'll begin this



    ________________________________________________________________________
                          Chapter 2: Fundamentals of Using HyperPAD   29
    ________________________________________________________________________


    section with a brief summary of the mouse procedures used in working
    with HyperPAD. If you don't have a mouse, skip the "Using a Mouse"
    subsection and proceed to "Selecting Commands from Menus."


    USING A MOUSE

    When you work with HyperPAD, you'll be using the mouse procedures shown
    in the accompanying table, which are performed with the left and right
    mouse buttons. (If you have a three-button mouse, you can ignore the
    middle button.)

    Mouse Procedure:         Explanation:
    -----------------------------------------------------------------------
    Point and click          Place the mouse pointer on the desired item,
                             then press and release the left or right mouse
                             button. (In the User's Guide, we'll specify
                             which button should be used.)

    Point and double-click   Place the mouse pointer on the desired item,
                             then rapidly press and release the left mouse
                             button twice.

    Point and press          Place the mouse pointer on the desired item,
                             then hold down the left mouse button.

    Point, press and drag    Position the mouse pointer at the desired
                             starting point, then hold down the left mouse
                             button and slide the mouse, releasing it when
                             you reach the desired spot.


    There are many HyperPAD operations that can be done with either the
    keyboard or a mouse. In some cases, it's faster to use the keyboard; in
    other cases, it's faster to use a mouse; and in still other cases, the
    two methods are equally fast. You'll soon develop your own preference
    for which method to use in carrying out each task.



    ________________________________________________________________________
                          Chapter 2: Fundamentals of Using HyperPAD   30
    ________________________________________________________________________


    SELECTING COMMANDS FROM MENUS

    Giving orders to HyperPAD is a simple two-step process. All you have to
    do is open the menu that contains the command you want and then select
    the command from the open menu. When you open a menu, a list of the
    commands it contains appears below its name on the menu bar, as shown
    here.

 Ŀ
                                                                        
  **** The Printed Documentation has a picture or screen shot here **** 
                                                                        
 
    

    You can use either the keyboard or a mouse to open a menu and select a
    command from the open menu. Here's how.


    To select a command from a menu:

    1.  To open a menu:

    With the keyboard:  Press ALT and the first letter of the menu name. For
    example, to open the Go menu, press ALT+G.

    With the mouse:  Point to the menu name on the menu bar and click the
    left mouse button.

    2.  To select a command:

    With the keyboard:  Press the key matching the highlighted letter in the
    command. For example, to choose the Home command from the Go menu, press
    H.

    With the mouse:  Point to the command and click the left mouse button.



    ________________________________________________________________________
                          Chapter 2: Fundamentals of Using HyperPAD   31
    ________________________________________________________________________


    In the first step of the above procedure, you learned how to open a menu
    by holding down ALT and pressing a keyboard letter. That keyboard letter
    is called an accelerator key. As you'll see later in the chapter, menus
    aren't the only HyperPAD elements that can be activated by pressing ALT
    and an accelerator key.

    The following are two optional command-selection methods you might want
    to try: Once you've opened a menu with the keyboard or the mouse, you
    can select a command by pressing the up and down arrow keys until the
    desired command is highlighted and then pressing ENTER. And you can
    select a command with a mouse by pointing to the menu name, pressing the
    left mouse button, dragging the highlight bar down to the desired
    command, and then releasing the button. (To avoid selecting the wrong
    command, make sure the highlight bar is correctly positioned before you
    release the button.)

    If you're not sure which menu lists a particular command, use the
    following procedure to browse through the menus.


    To browse through the menus:

    1.  To activate the menu bar, press ALT or F10.

    The name of the last menu you used is highlighted.

    2.  To highlight the name of a different menu, press the left or right
    arrow keys.

    3.  To open the menu whose name is highlighted, press ENTER.

    4.  To open other menus, press the left and right arrow keys.

    As you open each new menu, the previously opened menu automatically
    closes.

    To open different menus with the mouse, point to the name of each menu
    and click the left mouse button. Every time you open a new menu, the
    previously opened menu automatically closes.

    If you open a menu and then decide that you don't want to pick a
    command, here's how to close the menu without making a selection.


    To close a menu without selecting a command:

    Press the ESC key, click the right mouse button, or place the mouse
    pointer anywhere on the screen other than the menu bar or the open menu
    and click the left mouse button.



    ________________________________________________________________________
                          Chapter 2: Fundamentals of Using HyperPAD   32
    ________________________________________________________________________


    To check out some of the keyboard procedures, start by pressing ALT+W to
    open up the Workspace menu, then press S to select the Status Bar
    command. The menu closes, and the message line at the bottom of your
    screen is replaced by the status bar. To turn off the status bar, just
    reopen the Workspace menu and select the Status Bar command again. Not
    only is this a good example of how to select a command, but in the
    process you learned how to activate the status bar!

    Now, let's try some more keyboard procedures. With the Workspace menu
    closed, press ALT or F10. Workspace (the name of the menu you opened
    most recently) is highlighted on the menu bar. Use the left and right
    arrow keys to move the highlight around the menu bar. When File is
    highlighted, press ENTER to open the File menu. Practice using the up
    and down arrow keys to move the highlight bar through the File menu's
    list of commands. Then use the left and right arrow keys to open other
    menus. Once you're comfortable with these techniques, press ESC to close
    whatever menu is now open.

    If you have a mouse, point to Workspace on the menu bar and click the
    left mouse button. When the Workspace menu opens, turn on the status bar
    by pointing to the Status Bar command and clicking the left mouse
    button. Practice opening different menus by pointing to the menu names
    on the menu bar and clicking the left mouse button. Point to File on the
    menu bar, press the left mouse button, and practice dragging the
    highlight bar up and down the File menu's commands. (If you accidentally
    select a command, press ESC to cancel it.) When you're through
    practicing, click the right mouse button to close whatever menu is now
    open.


    USING KEYBOARD SHORTCUTS

    HyperPAD gives you the ability to select certain commands and carry out
    certain actions by using a keyboard shortcut. A keyboard shortcut can
    consist of either a single keystroke or a keystroke combination. If a
    keyboard shortcut is available for a menu command, it appears to the
    right of that command on the menu.

    The Go menu, shown at the start of this subsection, contains
    some examples. The Help command is followed by F1, which means you could
    press F1 to access the Help system without opening the Go menu. *F5
    appears after the Home command, meaning you could press ALT+F5 ("*"
    means "ALT") to return to the Home pad from anywhere in HyperPAD. ^PGUP
    appears after the First command, meaning you could press CTRL+PGUP ("^"
    means "CTRL") to go directly back to the first page in a pad. And so on.



    ________________________________________________________________________
                          Chapter 2: Fundamentals of Using HyperPAD   33
    ________________________________________________________________________


    To try it out, keep all the menus closed and press the F1 key. The Help
    system appears. Press the ESC key to exit from Help and return to the
    page you were on when you pressed F1.

    Once you become more experienced in working with HyperPAD, you'll begin
    to remember the keyboard shortcuts and use them to save yourself time.


    INACTIVE COMMANDS

    In the course of exploring the menus, you may have discovered that
    you're unable to highlight some commands with the keyboard or the mouse.
    These commands even look different: They may be dimmer than the other
    commands, and they don't have a highlighted accelerator key. What's
    going on?

    There are some commands that HyperPAD won't let you select until you're
    actually ready to carry them out--for example, the Edit menu's Cut,
    Copy, and Delete commands. These commands (which you'll learn about in
    Chapter 9) are for editing text, and in order to use them, you must
    first select a specific block of text that you want to cut, copy, or
    delete. If you haven't done so, HyperPAD "knows" you're in no position
    to perform those particular operations and therefore prevents you from
    selecting the commands. But once you take whatever preparatory action is
    needed, HyperPAD enables the commands related to that operation so you
    can select them.



    ________________________________________________________________________
                          Chapter 2: Fundamentals of Using HyperPAD   34
    ________________________________________________________________________


    SELECTING BUTTONS

    In the first section of the chapter, we explained that many buttons are
    navigation devices that you can use to travel from the page on which the
    button appears to another pad or page within HyperPAD or to somewhere
    outside of HyperPAD. To start the journey, you have to select the button
    that links you to your desired destination. Here's how to do it.


    To select a button:

    With the keyboard:  Press the TAB key and/or the arrow keys until the
    button you want to select is highlighted (pressing SHIFT+TAB moves the
    highlight backward); then press ENTER.

    With the mouse: Place the mouse pointer on the button you want to select
    and click the left mouse button.

    If you're ever unsure which items on a HyperPAD screen are buttons,
    press CTRL+ALT. A dotted border will be displayed around all the buttons
    and fields on the current page.

    To check out how buttons work, go to the Home pad, which was shown at
    the start of the first section in this chapter. (If you aren't at the
    Home pad right now, hold down the ALT key and press F5 [ALT+F5] to go
    directly to the Home pad from anywhere in HyperPAD.) Use TAB, SHIFT+TAB,
    and the arrow keys to move the highlight from one button to another on
    the Home pad. In the course of moving the highlight around, you'll
    discover that the rectangles in the "What would you like to do?" box get
    highlighted, as do F1=Help on the title bar and Shut Down and ESC=Exit
    in the lower right corner of the screen. These items are all buttons.

    Once you're comfortable using the keyboard to move the highlight from
    one button to another, use the keyboard or the mouse to select the Go to
    a pad button. A screen appears with even more buttons!



    ________________________________________________________________________
                          Chapter 2: Fundamentals of Using HyperPAD   35
    ________________________________________________________________________


 Ŀ
                                                                        
  **** The Printed Documentation has a picture or screen shot here **** 
                                                                        
 
    
    You've just used the Go to a pad button to travel from the Home pad to
    the Pads screen, from which you can access many of the pads that come
    with HyperPAD. In Chapter 3, you'll learn more about this screen, but
    since we're just sightseeing right now, use the keyboard or the mouse to
    select the Home button in the lower right corner of the screen to make
    the return journey from the Pads screen to the Home pad.


    SELECTING COMMANDS FROM THE COMMAND LINE

    In the first half of this chapter, you were introduced to the command
    line, a feature that appears on many HyperPAD screens to display not
    only commands that are specific to the current pad but also menu
    commands used frequently in working with the pad.

    Use the following accelerator key method to select a command from the
    command line.


    To select a command from the command line:

    Hold down ALT and press the number on the keyboard that matches the
    number in front of the command.

    Note: You must press the appropriate number on the keyboard, not on the
    numeric keypad.

    You may recall that we said the commands on the command line are
    actually special numbered buttons. So if you wanted to, you could select



    ________________________________________________________________________
                          Chapter 2: Fundamentals of Using HyperPAD   36
    ________________________________________________________________________


    them just as you would select any other button--i.e., by pressing TAB,
    SHIFT+TAB, and the arrow keys to highlight the command you want to
    select and then pressing ENTER or by pointing to the desired command and
    clicking the left mouse button. However, you'll find the accelerator key
    method is much faster.

    To check it out, go to the Home pad (ALT+F5) and select the Manage files
    button. A pad called the DOS Shell appears.

 Ŀ
                                                                        
  **** The Printed Documentation has a picture or screen shot here **** 
                                                                        
 
    

    The DOS Shell lets you perform a wide range of file-management tasks, as
    you'll see in Chapter 4. But for the moment, all you're going to do is
    get a taste for the kinds of things that can happen when you select a
    command from the command line.

    Start by pressing ALT+1 to select the Sort command. A list called a pop-
    up appears, offering you a choice of different ways to sort your files.
    Close the pop-up by pressing the ESC key or clicking the right mouse
    button. Now select the Tree command (ALT+2). A list (called a tree view)
    appears showing the breakdown of directories on one of your local
    drives. (Notice that the tree list has its own command line.) Press the
    ESC key to exit from the tree view and return to the DOS Shell. And
    finally, select the Browse command (ALT+8). A rectangle (called a dialog
    box) is superimposed on the screen, asking you which file you'd like to
    browse. Press the ESC key or click the right mouse button to close this
    dialog box. Then press ALT+F5 to return to the Home pad.



    ________________________________________________________________________
                          Chapter 2: Fundamentals of Using HyperPAD   37
    ________________________________________________________________________


    USING FIELDS

    Many HyperPAD screens have fields--rectangular areas into which
    information can be entered. On the page from the Phone pad shown in the
    first section of this chapter, you saw a number of fields, with John
    Smith's name, address, and phone numbers typed in. (If you ever have
    trouble telling which areas of a page are fields, remember the tip we
    gave you earlier in the chapter: Press CTRL+ALT to make a dotted border
    appear around all the buttons and fields on the current page.)

    Using fields requires two skills: First you have to know how to get the
    cursor into the field you want to work with; then you have to know how
    to add new information or edit existing information.


    To enter and type into a field:

    1.  To enter the field where you want to type:

    With the keyboard:  Press the TAB key until the field is highlighted
    (pressing SHIFT+TAB moves the highlight backward); then press F2 to
    unhighlight the field so you can start typing.

    With the mouse:  Move the mouse pointer to the spot in the field where
    you want to start typing and click the left mouse button to place the
    cursor there.

    2.  To move the cursor around the text in the field, either use the
    arrow keys or reposition the cursor with the mouse; to delete text, use
    the BACKSPACE key.

    3.  To go to the next button or field when you're done, press TAB or
    point to the desired item and click the left mouse button.

    To check it out, go to the Home pad (press ALT+F5 ) and select the Go to
    a pad button. When the Pads screen appears, select the Phone button.
    John Smith's page, which you saw earlier in this chapter, appears. To
    get a fresh page that you can experiment with, select the New command
    from the command line (ALT+7). When the new page appears, try using TAB
    and SHIFT+TAB to move the highlight from one field to another.

    Once you're comfortable moving the highlight around, either press the F2
    key or place the cursor in a field with the mouse and then type in some
    information. Use the keyboard or the mouse to enter a couple of more
    fields and type in additional information. Then use the keyboard or the
    mouse to reenter the fields into which you've already typed text and
    practice pressing the arrow keys to move the cursor around within the
    text. Try using the BACKSPACE key to delete some text. When you're
    finished, press ALT+F5 to return to the Home pad.



    ________________________________________________________________________
                          Chapter 2: Fundamentals of Using HyperPAD   38
    ________________________________________________________________________


    Scrollable fields:  Some HyperPAD screens, such as the one shown here,
    have scrollable fields.

 Ŀ
                                                                        
  **** The Printed Documentation has a picture or screen shot here **** 
                                                                        
 
    
    The important thing to realize about a scrollable field is that it's
    capable of containing far more information than what you see displayed
    at one time. You can use the keyboard and mouse techniques shown in the
    accompanying tables to "scroll" (move) up and down through the
    information until the material you're after is displayed in the field.

    Key(s):                   Action:
    ------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Arrow keys                Move the cursor in the direction of the arrows
                              by pressing the up/down arrow keys, you can
                              scroll the cursor up/down through the text.

    PLUS key (keypad)         Moves the cursor down one page.

    MINUS key (keypad)        Moves the cursor up one page.

    HOME key                  Moves the cursor to the start of the current
                              line.

    END key                   Moves the cursor to the end of the current
                              line.

    CTRL+END keys             Moves the cursor to the end of the field.



    ________________________________________________________________________
                          Chapter 2: Fundamentals of Using HyperPAD   39
    ________________________________________________________________________


    To get some practice with a scrollable field, let's go to the Daily
    Planner's Notes for the day field, which you saw earlier in this
    subsection.  Start by returning to the Home pad (ALT+F5) and selecting
    the Go to a pad button; then select the Daily Planner button.  When the
    Daily Planner page appears, place the cursor in the Notes for the day
    field and type in a numbered list 15 items long.  As you get to about
    item 9, you'll see the field scroll up to give you more room to type.
    Once you've entered all 15 items, try using the keyboard and mouse
    techniques presented in the tables to move around through the text in
    the field.  When you're finished, press ALT+F5 to return to the Home
    pad.

    Mouse technique:                        Action:
    ---------------------------------------------------------------------
    Point to the up/down scroll             Moves the cursor up/down one
    arrow and click the left mouse          line at a time.
    button.

    Point to the up/down scroll             Moves the cursor up/down
    arrow and press the left mouse          continuously.
    button, releasing the button when
    the desired text comes into view.

    Place the mouse pointer on the          Moves the cursor up/down
    field, press the left mouse button,     extremely rapidly.
    and drag the mouse up/down,
    releasing the button when the
    desired text comes into view.



    ________________________________________________________________________
                          Chapter 2: Fundamentals of Using HyperPAD   40
    ________________________________________________________________________


    SELECTING FROM LIST BOXES

    Sometimes you'll ask HyperPAD to perform a particular operation and
    HyperPAD starts by telling you what your available options are. You
    might, for example, select the Home pad's Run a program button because
    you want to launch one of your other software programs. Since HyperPAD
    can't take any action until you specify which program to run, it
    displays a list box (a new feature in HyperPAD 2.0, an example of which
    is illustrated here) showing the programs that can currently be
    launched, so you can pick the one you're after.

 Ŀ
                                                                        
  **** The Printed Documentation has a picture or screen shot here **** 
                                                                        
 
    
    A list box, then, is simply a device that HyperPAD uses to let you
    select from a large number of choices.

    In order to work with list boxes, you have to know how to perform three
    operations.  First, you have to know how to use the keyboard or the
    mouse to highlight an item on the list.  Then you have to know how to
    either select an item or mark one or more items.  (Whether you select an
    item or mark items depends on what type of operation you want to perform
    in a particular list box.  You can select only one item at a time from a
    list box, but you can mark as many items as you want.)

    As you can see from the illustration, list boxes are scrollable.  This
    means that in many ways list boxes work like scrollable fields.  List
    boxes often contain more information than what you see displayed at one
    time, and you can use a number of keyboard and mouse techniques to move
    up and down through the information until the item you're after is
    displayed in the list box.



    ________________________________________________________________________
                          Chapter 2: Fundamentals of Using HyperPAD   41
    ________________________________________________________________________


    Key:                    Action
    -------------------------------------------------------------------
    Up/down arrow keys      Move the highlight up/down one line.

    A...Z keys              Move the highlight directly to the first
                            item on the list starting with that letter.

    PLUS key (keypad)       Moves the highlight down one page.

    MINUS key (keypad)      Moves the highlight up one page.

    HOME key                Moves the highlight to the first item on the
                            list.

    END key                 Moves the highlight to the last item on the
                            list.


    To use a list box with the keyboard, press TAB until the highlight
    enters the list box you want to work with (if the highlight isn't
    already on one of the items there).  Now that one of the items in the
    list box is highlighted, you can use the keys presented in the
    accompanying table to move the highlight bar to the desired item.  Some
    of the same keys are used to move around within list boxes as to move
    around within scrollable fields;  however, notice that there are some
    differences.

    If the list you're working with exceeds the length of the list box, you
    can make the list scroll up to reveal additional items by continuing to
    press the down arrow when the highlight reaches the last item displayed
    in the list box or by pressing the plus key on the numeric keypad.  You
    can make the list scroll down by continuing to press the up arrow when
    the cursor reaches the first item displayed in the list box or by
    pressing the minus key on the numeric keypad.

    Once you've highlighted the desired item with the keyboard, press ENTER
    to select it or press SPACE to mark it.  When you mark a list box item,
    an arrow appears in the left margin of the list box beside the item.
    (To unmark an item, just highlight it and press SPACE again.)

    If you have a mouse, you can scroll through a list box using the same
    techniques presented earlier in the chapter for moving through a
    scrollable field.  Once the desired item is visible in the list box, you
    can select the item by pointing to it with the mouse and double-clicking



    ________________________________________________________________________
                          Chapter 2: Fundamentals of Using HyperPAD   42
    ________________________________________________________________________


    the left mouse button.  You can mark an item by pointing to it with the
    mouse and clicking the right mouse button.  (To unmark an item, just
    point to it with the mouse and click the right mouse button again.)

    To check it out, select the Run a program button on the Home pad to
    display the Programs list box shown at the start of this subsection.  If
    necessary, TAB or use the mouse to move the highlight into the list box;
    then practice using the keyboard and mouse techniques presented in this
    chapter to move the highlight through the list.

    Try using the keyboard and the mouse to mark and unmark a few items on
    the list.  If you're feeling adventurous, launch one of your other
    software programs by selecting it with the keyboard or the mouse.  When
    you exit from the program, you'll come right back to the Programs list
    box.  Press ALT+F5 to return to the Home pad once you're through
    practicing.


    FILLING OUT DIALOG BOXES

    Whenever HyperPAD needs to communicate with you--i.e., to send you a
    message or get some information from you--it displays a special window,
    called a dialog box. Every dialog box has one or more controls, which
    are devices you can use to specify information or change a setting.

    The most basic type of dialog box is the error message, an example of
    which is shown here.

 Ŀ
                                                                        
  **** The Printed Documentation has a picture or screen shot here **** 
                                                                        
 
    

    This error message explains why HyperPAD can't carry out your command.
    <<Ok>> is already highlighted, so all you have to do is press ENTER to
    acknowledge that you've received the message.



    ________________________________________________________________________
                          Chapter 2: Fundamentals of Using HyperPAD   43
    ________________________________________________________________________


    Selecting the Printer Setup command from the File menu calls up the
    following more complicated HyperPAD dialog box, in which there are three
    types of controls: a list box, a group of option buttons, and a text
    box.

 Ŀ
                                                                        
  **** The Printed Documentation has a picture or screen shot here **** 
                                                                        
 
    

    If you use the Print command on the File menu to tell HyperPAD you want
    to print columns, you also get a relatively complicated dialog box,
    shown here, in which, in addition to the controls you saw earlier, there
    are some option buttons. (In a minute, we'll explain the difference
    between option buttons and option button groups.)

 Ŀ
                                                                        
  **** The Printed Documentation has a picture or screen shot here **** 
                                                                        
 
    

    Earlier in the chapter, when you practiced opening menus and viewing
    their lists of commands, you may have wondered why some of the commands
    are followed by three periods (called ellipses). For instance, ellipses
    appear after many of the commands on the File menu, shown here.



    ________________________________________________________________________
                          Chapter 2: Fundamentals of Using HyperPAD   44
    ________________________________________________________________________


 Ŀ
                                                                        
  **** The Printed Documentation has a picture or screen shot here **** 
                                                                        
 
    

    Ellipses after a menu command are a tip-off that HyperPAD is going to
    need certain information from you in order to carry out that command--
    i.e., that HyperPAD will present a dialog box if you select the command.

    To fill out any kind of dialog box, you must know three things: how to
    move the highlight between and within controls, how to operate each type
    of control, and how to tell HyperPAD that you're through with the dialog
    box.


    NAVIGATING BETWEEN DIALOG BOX CONTROLS

    Moving the highlight between dialog box controls is simple. Just keep
    pressing the TAB key until the control you want to work with is
    highlighted. (Press SHIFT+TAB to move the highlight backward.)

    Once you've reached the desired control, how you move the highlight from
    one item to another within it depends on what type of control it is.
    Therefore, navigating within dialog box controls is discussed in the
    following subsections on the various controls.


    TEXT BOXES

    Text boxes are one dialog box control you should have no
    trouble operating, since typing into a text box is just like typing into
    a field, which you learned how to do earlier in this chapter. When



    ________________________________________________________________________
                          Chapter 2: Fundamentals of Using HyperPAD   45
    ________________________________________________________________________


    you're through entering information in a text box, move to the next
    control either by pressing TAB or by pointing to it with the mouse and
    clicking the left mouse button.

    LIST BOXES

    List boxes, another HyperPAD feature discussed earlier in this chapter,
    can also appear within dialog boxes, where they're used to let you
    quickly choose from a list. For instance, to change the name of the
    current printer in the Printer Setup dialog box, illustrated at the
    start of this subsection, just select the name of another printer from
    the list box (by highlighting the name with the keyboard and pressing
    ENTER or by pointing to it with the mouse and double-clicking the left
    mouse button). The newly selected name is now shown as the current
    printer.


    OPTION BUTTONS AND OPTION BUTTON GROUPS

    An option button is a dialog box control that can be turned on
    (selected) or turned off (unselected). To toggle an option button from
    selected to unselected or vice versa, either TAB to the option button
    and press SPACE or point to it with the mouse and click the left mouse
    button. When an option button is selected, an "X" appears within the
    brackets in front of the button. Once you've changed the option button's
    setting, TAB to the next control.

    An option button group is an interconnected set of mutually exclusive
    options--i.e., only one option from the group can be selected at any
    given time. For example, in the Print Column Report dialog box, shown
    earlier, the Spacing list is a group of two option buttons--Single and
    Double. Clearly, you can pick just one of these options, since a report
    can't simultaneously be both single- and double-spaced. (In contrast,
    the option buttons in the Names column of this dialog box are not
    grouped--i.e., they're not mutually exclusive. In the illustration, both
    Field and Page are selected in the Names column, since there's no reason
    why you can't simultaneously print field names and page names in your
    report. Or you could have told HyperPAD to print only one of these two
    names or neither name.)

    To select an option from an option button group, TAB to the group of
    option buttons and then use the up and down arrow keys to move the
    highlight through the options. As you highlight each option, an "X"
    appears in the parentheses in front of the option. When the desired
    option is highlighted, press TAB to select that option and proceed to
    the next control. Or point to the desired option with the mouse and
    click the left mouse button. When you click on an option, an "X" appears



    ________________________________________________________________________
                          Chapter 2: Fundamentals of Using HyperPAD   46
    ________________________________________________________________________


    within the parentheses in front of the option and the previously
    selected option in the group is automatically unselected.

    You've probably noticed that option buttons and option button groups
    look pretty similar and that a single dialog box can contain a number of
    option buttons as well as one or more option button groups. So the
    question is, how do you tell whether a control is an option button
    (which can be selected or unselected independently of other option
    buttons) or whether it's part of an option button group (which functions
    as an interconnected set of options from which you can make only one
    selection at a time)?

    Here's an easy way to tell at a glance: Each option button is preceded
    by a pair of brackets [  ], whereas each option in an option button
    group is preceded by a pair of parentheses (  ). Just look for the
    parentheses or the brackets, and you'll know how to operate the control.


    CLOSING DIALOG BOXES

    After you've typed in all the required information and made any
    necessary changes to a dialog box's settings, TAB to <<Ok>> and press
    ENTER or point to <<Ok>> and click the left mouse button. This tells
    HyperPAD that you're through with the dialog box and that it can now
    close the box and carry out your instructions.

    If you want to exit from a dialog box without changing the status of any
    of the controls, either press the ESC key, TAB to <Cancel> and press
    ENTER, or point to <Cancel> and click the left mouse button. Even if
    you've already typed information into a text box or changed some of the
    dialog box's settings, this tells HyperPAD to ignore these changes
    (i.e., leave the dialog box the way it originally was) and just close
    the box.


    DEFAULT SETTINGS

    In some cases, you'll open a dialog box and find that HyperPAD has
    already chosen certain options and values to save you the trouble of
    doing so. These preselected settings, which are the settings HyperPAD
    "expects" you to choose, are called default settings. For example, in
    the dialog box used to set up pages for your printer, one of HyperPAD's
    default settings is for letter-size paper measuring 8.5 inches by 11
    inches--the most common choice. If HyperPAD failed to guess your
    intentions correctly, you can easily change these default settings.



    ________________________________________________________________________
                          Chapter 2: Fundamentals of Using HyperPAD   47
    ________________________________________________________________________


    For practice, you can work with the dialog boxes shown in this
    subsection. To access the Printer Setup dialog box, open the File menu
    and select the Printer Setup command (ALT+F, U). Use the keyboard or the
    mouse to select different printers from the Available printers list box
    and watch how your selections change the name of the Current printer
    (displayed above the list box).

    TAB to the Print to control (a group of option buttons) and use the up
    and down arrow keys to move the highlight within the group. If you have
    a mouse, try selecting different options in this group. When you're
    through practicing, close the dialog box by selecting <Cancel>, pressing
    the ESC key, or clicking the right mouse button.

    To call up the Print Column Report dialog box, you must be on a page
    with fields (HyperPAD won't present this dialog box unless it knows
    you're working with a page on which printable information could be
    typed). Go to the Home pad, select the Go to a pad button, and then
    select the Index Cards button. When the Index Cards pad appears, select
    the Print command from the File menu (ALT+F, P). This brings up the
    Print dialog box, which has only one control--an option button group.
    Use the up and down arrow keys or the mouse to select the Columns
    option. When you select <<Ok>> or press ENTER, the Print Column Reports
    dialog box appears.

    Move the highlight to the Names column and practice selecting both of
    the option buttons, or only one of them, or neither. If you want more
    practice with an option button group, work with the options in the
    Spacing column. If you want more practice with text boxes, type in new
    information for the header and footer and for the margins. When you're
    finished with the dialog box, close it as indicated above.


    NAVIGATING WITHIN HYPERPAD

    When we talk about navigating within HyperPAD, we're referring to the
    techniques you can use to travel around a HyperPAD screen, to travel
    within a pad, and to travel between pads. This subsection will review
    some methods you're already familiar with and introduce a number of new
    methods.


    NAVIGATING AROUND A HYPERPAD SCREEN

    You've already seen how to use the arrow keys, TAB, and SHIFT+TAB to
    move the highlight around the buttons on a HyperPAD screen and how to
    use TAB and SHIFT+TAB to move between fields. You've also seen how to



    ________________________________________________________________________
                          Chapter 2: Fundamentals of Using HyperPAD   48
    ________________________________________________________________________


    move the highlight to the name of the most recently selected menu on the
    menu bar by pressing the F10 key.

    You've also learned how to save yourself time by using accelerator keys
    to open menus and to select commands from the command line (i.e., hold
    down the ALT key and press either the highlighted letter in the menu
    name or the number of the command on the command line), as well as to
    select commands from an open menu (i.e., just press the highlighted
    letter in the command, without holding down ALT).

    However, you may not have realized that other HyperPAD elements can
    sometimes have accelerator keys, too, such as dialog box options and
    buttons that are not on the command line. To identify the accelerator
    keys on a particular screen, press ALT and see which letters and numbers
    become highlighted. You can select any of these items simply by pressing
    the highlighted letter or number while holding down ALT (i.e., without
    bothering to move the highlight around).

    To check it out, select the Printer Setup command from the File menu to
    call up the Printer Setup dialog box again. (You saw this dialog box and
    experimented with it in the preceding subsection of this chapter.) Press
    ALT and watch the dialog box for highlighted accelerator keys. In this
    case, 1, 2, F, O, and C become highlighted, so you could select the LPT1
    option in the Print to group by pressing the accelerator key 1 while
    holding down ALT (ALT+1); you could select the File option in this group
    by pressing ALT+F; you could select <<Ok>> by pressing ALT+O; etc.


    NAVIGATING WITHIN A PAD

    When you work with pads that have more than one page (such as the Phone
    pad, which you saw in the first section of this chapter), you need to
    know how to get from one page to another within the pad. You could
    always open the Go menu and select the Next, Previous, First, and Last
    commands to get to the following or preceding page in a pad or to the
    first or last page, but HyperPAD also offers some considerably faster
    navigation techniques.

    Earlier in the chapter, you learned about keyboard shortcuts--single
    keystrokes or keystroke combinations that you can press to activate a
    command without even opening a menu. The keyboard shortcuts for
    navigation are PGUP and PGDN (to go to the previous page or the next
    page in a pad) and CTRL+PGUP and CTRL+PGDN (to go to the first page or
    the last page in a pad).



    ________________________________________________________________________
                          Chapter 2: Fundamentals of Using HyperPAD   49
    ________________________________________________________________________


    You can also travel between pages by selecting one of the on-screen
    paging buttons, shown here.

 Ŀ
                                                                        
  **** The Printed Documentation has a picture or screen shot here **** 
                                                                        
 
    

    Selecting the left-hand paging button moves you back one page within the
    pad; selecting the right-hand paging button moves you forward one page.

    The paging buttons are just like any other HyperPAD buttons, so you can
    select them with the same keyboard and mouse techniques for button
    selection that you learned earlier in
    the chapter.

    If you want to create a new page within the pad, press the F3 key. The
    new page is inserted right after the page you were on when you pressed
    F3, and the remaining pages in the pad are renumbered accordingly. You
    can now use the methods described above to travel to and from your new
    page.

    To check it out, go to the Notes pad. (To get there, go to the Home pad,
    select the Go to a pad button, then select Notes from the Pads screen.)
    Start by selecting the Status Bar command from the Workspace menu if you
    don't already have the status bar displayed. That way, you'll be able to
    see the page numbers on the status bar as you move around within the
    Notes pad. Press F3 several times to create some new pages, since you
    won't get much navigational practice if your pad only has a page or two.

    Practice using the PGUP and PGDN keys to go from one page to another.
    Try pressing PGUP and PGDN while holding down the CTRL key to skip
    straight to the first and last pages in the pad. Move between pages by
    selecting the paging buttons with the keyboard or the mouse. When you're
    through experimenting, return to the Home pad by pressing ALT+F5.


    NAVIGATING BETWEEN PADS

    You've already learned that you can move from one pad to another if the
    page you're on has a button that links it to another pad.

    A couple of very common HyperPAD buttons are F1=Help (which appears on
    all title bars except those in the Help system) and Home. You could also
    reach the Help pad and the Home pad by selecting the Help and Home



    ________________________________________________________________________
                          Chapter 2: Fundamentals of Using HyperPAD   50
    ________________________________________________________________________


    commands from the Go menu or by using the keyboard shortcuts F1 (for
    Help) and ALT+F5 (for Home).

    When you experimented with the Notes pad in the preceding subsection,
    you might have noticed the following little angled double arrow near the
    bottom of the page.

 Ŀ
                                                                        
  **** The Printed Documentation has a picture or screen shot here **** 
                                                                        
 
    

    This arrow, called the return button, takes you back to the place in
    HyperPAD from which you originally accessed the current pad. For
    example, if you select the return button on the Notes pad, you'll go to
    the Pads screen again, which is where you were when you called up the
    Notes pad. Return buttons are most often found on pads that you reach
    via the Pads screen, and they provide a quick way to come back to that
    screen so you can pick another pad.

    On some HyperPAD screens, you'll see a button that reads ESC=Done, which
    serves a similar purpose. Selecting ESC=Done returns you to wherever you
    were when you called up the current screen.

    Pressing the ESC key on the keyboard has the same effect as selecting
    the on-screen return button or the ESC=Done button. It takes you from
    one screen in HyperPAD to the place from which you accessed that screen.
    For example, if you're in a dialog box, pressing ESC takes you back to
    the screen from which you called up the dialog box. If you're in a pad
    that you reached from the Pads screen, pressing ESC takes you back to
    the Pads screen. From there, you could press ESC to return to the Home
    pad, which is the screen from which the Pads screen is accessed. Once
    you finally reach the Home pad, pressing ESC starts the procedure for
    exiting from HyperPAD.


    NAVIGATING BOTH WITHIN AND BETWEEN PADS

    If you ever want to retrace your steps through HyperPAD, just press the
    F5 key repeatedly. This takes you back through the pages you've just
    viewed, one page at a time--regardless of whether the pages are in the
    same pad or in different pads. (You could also backtrack by selecting
    the Back command from the Go menu over and over again.)

    To check it out, try pressing F5 a few times. You'll see the pages
    you've just been using, starting with the most recent and working



    ________________________________________________________________________
                          Chapter 2: Fundamentals of Using HyperPAD   51
    ________________________________________________________________________


    backward from there. Whenever you get tired of backtracking, just press
    ALT+F5 to return to the Home pad.


    GETTING HELP

    HyperPAD's on-line Help system is discussed in detail in Chapter 6. But
    just in case you get into trouble (or simply get curious) before then,
    we'll tell you how to access this feature.

    Pressing F1 on your keyboard calls up a Pad Help page that summarizes
    key information about the screen you were just viewing. You can then get
    even more information by selecting the summary screen's Index button
    (which appears on all Pad Help pages except Indexes) to access a list of
    Help topics for the current pad.

    Once you're in Pad Help, pressing F1 a second time calls up the Index
    for General Help; you can select from the topics listed there to get
    further information about basic HyperPAD operations.

    Whenever you're done using Pad Help or General Help, just
    press the ESC key to return to the page you were working on when you
    accessed Help.


    EXITING FROM HYPERPAD

    In Chapter 1, you were firmly cautioned not to turn off your computer
    until you first follow one of several very simple and quick procedures
    for exiting from HyperPAD. Two of these exiting methods are to press the
    ESC key when you're on the Home pad or hold down CTRL and press Q
    (CTRL+Q) from anywhere in HyperPAD. HyperPAD then asks you to confirm
    your intentions by presenting a dialog box with the question "Are you
    sure you want to exit?" You can reply by selecting <<Ok>> or <Cancel>.
    Another approach is to select the Home pad's Shut Down button, which
    calls up a dialog box advising you that "You may now turn off your
    computer safely."

    The reason this step is so crucial is that when you give fair warning
    that you're about to end the current session, HyperPAD immediately saves
    your data, whereas if you shut off your machine without announcing your
    intentions in advance, you could lose important data, including whole
    pads!



    ________________________________________________________________________
                          Chapter 2: Fundamentals of Using HyperPAD   52
    ________________________________________________________________________


    Another way to exit (besides the ESC, CTRL+Q, and Shut Down methods) is
    to select the Exit command from the File menu. When you leave HyperPAD
    in this manner, HyperPAD does not present a dialog box asking you to
    verify your decision but instead immediately returns you to DOS once you
    select Exit.


    CONCLUSION

    After reading this chapter, you should recognize the elements that are
    common to all or most HyperPAD screens and know how to perform basic
    operations in HyperPAD, including accessing Pad Help and General Help,
    selecting buttons, and selecting commands from the command line. You
    should also be able to use a mouse (if you have one) for basic HyperPAD
    tasks, navigate within HyperPAD, type into a field, open up a menu and
    select from the commands displayed there, and use list boxes and dialog
    boxes to communicate your intentions to HyperPAD. And finally, you
    should know how to exit from HyperPAD. Armed with this information,
    you're all set to start using HyperPAD!
