



    ________________________________________________________________________
                                         Chapter 13: Painting Tools   213
    ________________________________________________________________________


    CHAPTER 13:  PAINTING TOOLS

    HyperPAD's painting tools let you create visually appealing screens
    tailored to your audience's needs. The appearance of a pad is important
    because a design that is carefully planned and pleasing to look at is
    more effective in presenting information.

    In this chapter, you'll learn:

        0  The organization of the text screen.

        0  How to select and use the painting tools.

        0  How to use the tool box.

        0  How each painting tool works so that you can modify your pages
           and backgrounds.

        0  Special tips describing how to use the painting tools more
           effectively.



    ________________________________________________________________________
                                         Chapter 13: Painting Tools   214
    ________________________________________________________________________


    THE PAINTING ENVIRONMENT


    THE SCREEN

    Each page is overlaid on top of a background, creating a composite
    referred to as the screen. The screen is what you see when you look at
    your computer display.

    The screen is structured in composition, made up of a grid of rectangles
    called character cells. Depending on your screen resolution, there are
    normally 80 cells across and 25 cells down. Each cell contains
    aaracterandnd an attribute.

 Ŀ
                                                                        
  **** The Printed Documentation has a picture or screen shot here **** 
                                                                        
 
    



    ________________________________________________________________________
                                         Chapter 13: Painting Tools   215
    ________________________________________________________________________


    The previous illustration shows you how the screen is divided and how
    characters and attributes fit into a character cell.

    HyperPAD's painting tools allow you to add or delete characters and
    attributes in the cells that make up the backgrounds and pages in a pad.


    CHARACTERS AND ATTRIBUTES

    As described above, each cell on the screen contains a character and an
    attribute. The range of characters you can include in a cell is from 0
    to 255 (known as ASCII values). For example, the character A is
    represented by number 65.  In Appendix 8 of the PADtalk Reference Guide,
    there is a table showing all of the 256 characters.

    The attribute portion of a cell is a number that represents a
    combination of a foreground color and a background color. Attributes
    range in value from 0 to 255.

    When a character is placed inside a cell, it is displayed with the
    foreground color of the attribute, while all other remaining space in
    the cell appears in the background color.

 Ŀ
                                                                        
  **** The Printed Documentation has a picture or screen shot here **** 
                                                                        
 
    

    As you know, each HyperPAD screen is a combination of a page and
    background layer. You may be wondering how elements on the background
    are visible on the page.

    Cells on the background are compared with the corresponding cells on the
    page. If the page cell contains the transparent character, the character
    from the background cell shows through. The same applies for the
    attribute.

    When a new page is created, all the cells on that page are filled with
    the transparent character (ASCII number 0) and the transparent attribute
    (7, or grey on black). Thus, the entire background shows through a newly
    created page.



    ________________________________________________________________________
                                         Chapter 13: Painting Tools   216
    ________________________________________________________________________


    The following illustration demonstrates how characters on the background
    show through onto the page.

 Ŀ
                                                                        
  **** The Printed Documentation has a picture or screen shot here **** 
                                                                        
 
    

    In the next illustration, the background contains the character A and
    the page contains the character B in identical positions. Notice that
    the background character is not seen, as the page's character blocks it
    from view.

 Ŀ
                                                                        
  **** The Printed Documentation has a picture or screen shot here **** 
                                                                        
 
    



    ________________________________________________________________________
                                         Chapter 13: Painting Tools   217
    ________________________________________________________________________


    The next illustration demonstrates the difference between the
    transparent character and the space character. It might appear to the
    human eye that the space and transparent characters are the same;
    however, as you can see from the illustration, that is not the case.

 Ŀ
                                                                        
  **** The Printed Documentation has a picture or screen shot here **** 
                                                                        
 
    


    CHARACTER CELL INFO

    You can determine the contents of a character cell using the Character
    Cell Info dialog box. This box describes both the character and the
    attribute that currently occupy a character cell.

    Use this command if you're having trouble determining whether a
    character cell is transparent or contains a space, or if you want to
    know the attribute within a cell.



    ________________________________________________________________________
                                         Chapter 13: Painting Tools   218
    ________________________________________________________________________


    To access the Character Cell Info dialog box:

    1.  Place the cursor on the cell that you want information about.

    2.  Press F9.

    The Character Cell Info dialog box, shown here, appears on-screen.

 Ŀ
                                                                        
  **** The Printed Documentation has a picture or screen shot here **** 
                                                                        
 
    


    THE PAINT ATTR AND ASCII CHAR

    HyperPAD maintains a current character and a current attribute. As you
    design your pages and backgrounds, you will constantly be changing the
    values of these settings.

    When you paint color on the page or background, you are really setting
    the attribute portion of the character cell to the value of the Paint
    attr. Similarly, when you use the Char Paint tool, you are really
    assigning the character portion of the character cell to the value of
    the ASCII char.



    ________________________________________________________________________
                                         Chapter 13: Painting Tools   219
    ________________________________________________________________________


    To determine the Paint attr and ASCII char values:

    1.  Select a painting tool from the Tools menu.

    2.  Open the Workspace menu (ALT+W). The Workspace menu, shown below,
    will be placed on-screen.

 Ŀ
                                                                        
  **** The Printed Documentation has a picture or screen shot here **** 
                                                                        
 
    

    Displayed to the right of the ASCII char and Paint attr commands are the
    values of the current character and paint attribute.

    3.  To remove the menu from the screen, press ESC.


    PAINTING UNDER THE MENU BAR AND THE STATUS BAR

    When you begin using the painting tools, you may find it necessary to
    use the screen areas normally hidden by the menu and status bars.
    Because of this, HyperPAD gives you a way to quickly hide and show the
    menu and status bars.


    To toggle the menu and status bars on and off:

    1.  Press ALT+SPACE.

    The menu and status bars will be removed from the screen.

    2.  Press ALT+SPACE to place them back on-screen.



    ________________________________________________________________________
                                         Chapter 13: Painting Tools   220
    ________________________________________________________________________


    SELECTING A PAINTING TOOL

    HyperPAD provides many tools for you to select from when you paint. This
    section describes the various methods used to select a painting tool.

    The easiest way, of course, is to select a painting tool from the Tools
    menu. However, when you're painting, you're constantly changing from
    tool to tool, making menu selection tedious. HyperPAD provides you with
    both shortcut keys and a tool box for quick tool selection.


    HYPERPAD TOOLS

    HyperPAD provides you with a palette of tools from which you can pick in
    order to paint on the page or background. The available tools are
    summarized in the following table.

    Tool:        Shortcut key:      Purpose:
    ------------------------------------------------------------------
    Text         CTRL+T             Adds text

    Paint        CTRL+P             Adds color

    Erase        CTRL+E             Removes attributes and characters

    Line         CTRL+L             Draws single or double lines

    Mark Block   CTRL+M             Marks a block that you can move, copy,
                                    and, and paste or perform a block
                                    command on

    Char Paint   CTRL+H             Paints with the current ASCII character

    Selector     CTRL+S             Manipulates buttons and fields

    Browse       CTRL+B             Allows you to use the pads

    THE TOOL BOX PALETTE

    Using the tool box popup window, mouse users can quickly select a
    painting tool.

    To display the tool box, select the Tool Box command from the Workspace
    menu (ALT+W, T).



    ________________________________________________________________________
                                         Chapter 13: Painting Tools   221
    ________________________________________________________________________


    The tool box will now stay on-screen until you close it.

 Ŀ
                                                                        
  **** The Printed Documentation has a picture or screen shot here **** 
                                                                        
 
    


    To move the tool box using the mouse:

    Place the mouse pointer on the border of the tool box and drag it to a
    new location, then release the button.


    Selecting a tool from the tool box:

    Click the mouse on the tool you want to select.

    A triangle will appear next to the tool you selected, indicating that it
    is the current tool.


    SPECIAL FUNCTIONS OF THE TOOL BOX

    Double-clicking the mouse on different tools in the tool box provides a
    convenient shortcut for many of the painting commands.

        0  You can change the current paint attribute by double-clicking
           on the Paint tool in the tool box. When you do, the Paint
           Attribute dialog box is displayed, letting you pick from the
           available attributes.

        0  By double-clicking on the Char Paint tool in the tool box, you
           can set the current ASCII char, which, when combined with the
           Char Paint tool, lets you paint characters on the screen.

        0  The line type can also be toggled (between single and double
           lines) by double-clicking on the Line tool.


    REMOVING THE TOOL BOX

    The tool box can be removed from the screen by selecting the Tool Box
    command from the Workspace menu (ALT+W, T). You can also click the mouse
    on the close box on the upper left corner of the tool box.



    ________________________________________________________________________
                                         Chapter 13: Painting Tools   222
    ________________________________________________________________________


    USING THE PAINTING TOOLS

    Before you can begin painting, check to make sure the user level is set
    to painting or higher. As you proceed through this chapter, you may find
    it helpful to try out the described procedures. If you want to follow
    along, you should create a new pad on which to practice so that you
    don't have to worry about changing an existing pad.


    USING THE KEYBOARD AND THE MOUSE

    The following table describes the various methods used to move around
    the page or background while working with the painting tools. When
    you're painting, the cursor location is displayed on the status bar.


    Key:                 Moves the cursor:
    ------------------------------------------------------
    Up arrow             Up one line

    Down arrow           Down one line

    Left arrow           Left one character

    Right arrow          Right one character

    HOME                 To the left edge of the screen

    END                  To the right edge of the screen

    CTRL+Up arrow        Up two lines

    CTRL+Down arrow      Down two lines

    CTRL+Left arrow      Left four characters

    CTRL+Right arrow     Right four characters

    To use the mouse to position the cursor, simply move the pointer to
    where you want the cursor and click the right mouse button.



    ________________________________________________________________________
                                         Chapter 13: Painting Tools   223
    ________________________________________________________________________


    APPLYING A PAINTING TOOL

    All of the painting tools are used the same way. When you're painting,
    you are free to move the cursor anywhere on the screen using the keys in
    the preceding table. To apply a tool, you move the cursor the same way
    but with the SHIFT key held down.


    To use a painting tool with the keyboard:

    1.  Select the painting tool you want (use one of the shortcut keys
    described earlier).

    2.  While holding down the SHIFT key, move the cursor using the arrow
    keys.

    To move the cursor faster while applying a painting tool, hold down
    CTRL+SHIFT while moving the cursor with the arrow keys.


    To use a painting tool with the mouse:

    Hold down the left mouse button and drag the mouse.

    To paint in a straight line, hold down the SHIFT key while dragging the
    mouse.

    As an example, suppose that you wanted to draw a box:

    1.  Press CTRL+L to select the Line tool.

    2.  Move the cursor to where you want one of the corners of the box to
    be located.

    3.  Hold down the SHIFT key while using the arrow keys to outline your
    box.


    HOW PAINTING AFFECTS OBJECTS

    Painting occurs on the page or background layer behind all of the
    buttons and fields. Even though you're unable to see your screen
    modifications, they are indeed happening behind the objects. Use the
    Selector tool to move objects out of the way so you can see beneath
    them.



    ________________________________________________________________________
                                         Chapter 13: Painting Tools   224
    ________________________________________________________________________


    SELECTING THE PAINT ATTRIBUTE

    The following tools use the current paint attribute:

        0  Paint tool

        0  Mark Block tool


    To change the current attribute:

    1.  Select a painting tool. (Use the shortcut keys described above.)

    2.  Choose the Paint attr command from the Workspace menu (ALT+W, P).
    The shortcut for this command is + (on the numeric keypad).

    The Set Paint Attribute dialog box appears, displaying a palette of
    colors. This dialog box lets you pick an attribute from a list of all
    possible combinations. Each column contains a different background
    color, and each row shows a different foreground color.

 Ŀ
                                                                        
  **** The Printed Documentation has a picture or screen shot here **** 
                                                                        
 
    

    3.  To select an attribute:

    With the keyboard: Use the arrow keys to move the double box until it
    surrounds your choice and press ENTER.

    With the mouse:  Place the mouse cursor on your choice and click the
    left mouse button.



    ________________________________________________________________________
                                         Chapter 13: Painting Tools   225
    ________________________________________________________________________


    Once you select a paint attribute, it appears next to the Paint attr
    command on the Workspace menu. Your selection remains the current paint
    attribute until you select another.


    CHANGING COLORS USING ACCELERATORS

    When you begin modifying and creating pads, you may find yourself
    constantly switching between a number of paint attributes. HyperPAD
    makes it easy! You can assign accelerator keys to up to 10 different
    paint attributes. Then, once you've selected a painting tool, you can
    quickly switch between colors without accessing the dialog box.


    To assign accelerator keys to paint attributes:

    1.  Select a painting tool.

    2.  Choose the Paint attr command from the Workspace menu.

    The Set Paint Attribute dialog box appears on-screen.

    3.  Use the arrow keys to select an attribute.

    4.  Hold down ALT and press the number (0 through 9) to be used as the
    accelerator key.

    A list of the available accelerator keys (ALT+1, ALT+2 . . . ALT+0)
    appears in a column to the right of the palette in the Set Paint
    Attribute dialog box. As you assign attributes, the attribute appears
    next to the corresponding accelerator key.

    5.  Repeat steps 3 and 4 to make additional assignments.

    When you assign accelerator keys to paint attributes, they remain active
    (even after you exit HyperPAD) until you select other paint attributes
    to take their place.


    USING THE PAINT ATTRIBUTE ACCELERATOR KEYS

    After you've assigned accelerator keys to the attributes you use most
    often, you can select them using the ALT key:

    1.  Select a painting tool.

    2.  Hold down ALT and press the number corresponding to the attribute
    you want (0 through 9).

    The paint attribute you assigned to that accelerator key becomes the
    current paint attribute and appears next to the Paint attr command on
    the Workspace menu.



    ________________________________________________________________________
                                         Chapter 13: Painting Tools   226
    ________________________________________________________________________


    PICKING UP AN ATTRIBUTE

    If the attribute that you want to paint with is already on the screen,
    you don't have to pick the attribute over again. HyperPAD provides a way
    that you can "pick up" the attribute off the screen, making it the
    current attribute.


    To "pick up" an attribute off the screen:

    1.  Move the cursor to the character cell with the attribute you want to
    use.

    2.  Press CTRL+ - (on the numeric keypad).


    UNDO

    The Undo command, on the Edit menu, allows you to recover the screen
    before the most recent painting change. After you've selected Undo, you
    can reselect it to recover the screen before you originally selected
    Undo--in effect, undoing the Undo.


    THE PAINTING TOOLS

    The painting tools allow you to add attributes to the pages and
    backgrounds in your pads. Use the painting tools to draw page layouts
    and lay out your screen, including such components as the border, the
    background color, the title bar, the message line, and any other
    information that will make the page more intuitive.

    Each of the painting tools is used the same way, following the
    procedures described in the previous subsection, "Applying a Painting
    Tool."


    THE PAINT TOOL

    The Paint tool allows you to add attributes to the pages and backgrounds
    in your pads. This tool paints using the current attribute, which
    appears next to the Paint attr command on the Workspace menu.



    ________________________________________________________________________
                                         Chapter 13: Painting Tools   227
    ________________________________________________________________________


    THE TEXT TOOL

    The Text tool allows you to type text directly on the pages or
    backgrounds in your pads. You can actually type text on the screen while
    using any of the painting tools. The following keys can be used while
    typing text.

    Key:             Function:
    ----------------------------------------------------------------
    DEL              Deletes the character under the cursor.

    BACKSPACE        Deletes the character to the left.

    CTRL+DEL         Deletes all characters to the end of the line.

    TAB              Moves the cursor to the next tab stop.

    CTRL+D, CTRL+Y   Deletes the line with the cursor.

    INS              Toggles Insert mode.

    ENTER            Moves the cursor to the beginning of the next line.


    ENTERING SPECIAL CHARACTERS

    While you're designing the pages and backgrounds for your pads, you may
    find it necessary to insert characters that you can't type on the
    keyboard. You can place any ASCII character on the screen, including
    line-drawing characters and international characters. You can select
    from 255 characters using the Set Paint Character dialog box.



    ________________________________________________________________________
                                         Chapter 13: Painting Tools   228
    ________________________________________________________________________


    To choose an ASCII character:

    1.  While the Text tool is active, position the cursor where you want
    the character to be inserted.

    2.  Press the PLUS key on the numeric keypad.

    The Set Paint Character dialog box appears on-screen:

 Ŀ
                                                                        
  **** The Printed Documentation has a picture or screen shot here **** 
                                                                        
 
    

    3.  To insert a specific character:

    With the keyboard:  Use the arrow keys to highlight the character you
    want to select, then press ENTER.

    With the mouse:  Place the pointer over the ASCII character you want to
    select and click the left mouse button.

    The ASCII character you selected will be inserted at the cursor
    location.


    INSERT MODE

    The Text tool behaves differently depending on the Insert mode
    (accessible from the Workspace Options dialog box). If Insert mode is
    set, then the characters you type will replace those already on the
    screen.

    If Insert mode is not set, then the characters you type will push the
    other characters on the line off the end of the line.



    ________________________________________________________________________
                                         Chapter 13: Painting Tools   229
    ________________________________________________________________________


    USING EXTENDED ASCII CHARACTERS AS THE END OF LINE

    As you type text when Insert mode is not set, characters to the right on
    the same line are pushed right up to the end of the line. The end of the
    line is determined by setting an option in the Workspace Options dialog
    box (called "Use extended ASCII characters as end of line"). If this
    option is not set, the characters are pushed off the right edge of the
    screen and cannot be recovered.

    If this option is set, the end of the line is determined by the first
    character that is not a letter, punctuation mark, space, or digit. This
    option is especially useful for typing text inside a painted box.


    THE ERASE TOOL

    The Erase tool can be used to clean up any mistakes you may have made.
    It erases both the character and attribute portions of the character
    cell, replacing them with the transparent character (character 0) and
    the transparent attribute (7). Thus, when you use the Erase tool on the
    page, characters and attributes from the background will show through.

    When you use the Erase tool, only the paint and characters on the
    current page or background will be deleted.


    THE LINE TOOL

    The Line tool allows you to add single and double lines to the pages and
    backgrounds in your pads. Using the Line tool, you can create boxes,
    charts, and borders easily without having to worry about line
    intersections.


    LINE TYPE

    As noted above, you can use the Line tool to draw both single and double
    lines. To toggle the line type, select the Line Type command from the
    Workspace menu (ALT+W, L). A sample of the current line type appears
    next to the Line Type command in the menu. With the keyboard, you can
    quickly change the line type using the following keys:

    Key:          Line Type:
    ------------------------------------------
    CTRL+=        Double

    CTRL+-        Single



    ________________________________________________________________________
                                         Chapter 13: Painting Tools   230
    ________________________________________________________________________


    THE MARK BLOCK TOOL

    The Mark Block tool is used to perform a painting operation on a
    rectangular area of the screen. This helps speed the painting process by
    relieving you of the tedious job of painting large areas of the screen
    using the other painting tools.

    The Mark Block tool makes creating boxes easy. First, you select an area
    of the screen where you want to place the box, press P to paint it, then
    press B to draw a box in it. There are many painting operations that can
    be performed on marked blocks.

    When this tool is enabled, the commands on the Block menu are carried
    out on the entire block.

    You can also copy and paste blocks on the same screen or different
    screens. This allows you to grab screen designs from other pads, like
    the Ideas pad that comes with HyperPAD, and use them in your own screen
    layouts.


    To use the Mark Block tool:

    1.  Select Mark Block from the Tools menu (CTRL+M).

    2.  To mark an area:

    With the keyboard:  Move the cursor to the upper left corner of the area
    you want to select. While holding down a SHIFT key, press the arrow
    keys, dragging the outline until the area you want to select is within
    the outline's boundaries.

    With the mouse:  Move the cursor to the upper left corner of the area
    you want to select. Press the left mouse button and drag the mouse until
    the outline surrounds the area you want to select.

    Once a block is marked, you can perform the functions described in the
    following subsections. If you want to cancel the marking, just press
    SPACE or click the mouse outside the boundaries of the block.



    ________________________________________________________________________
                                         Chapter 13: Painting Tools   231
    ________________________________________________________________________


    The block commands are summarized in the following table:


    To:                                      Press:
    ----------------------------------------------------------------------
    Copy the block                           CTRL+C or CTRL+INSERT

    Cut the block                            CTRL+X or SHIFT+DEL

    Delete the block                         DEL or E

    Draw a box within the block              B

    Paint the block with the current         P
    attribute

    Clear the block                          C

    Opaque the block                         O

    Fill the block with current ASCII char   F

    Shrink the block to enclose material     T

    Make a button and link it to the page    M


    UDOING A BLOCK COMMAND

    If you make any mistakes manipulating a block, press CTRL+U to undo your
    changes. This is especially handy when you experiment with different
    block commands, finding the best color or position for the block. For
    example, you might mark a block, paint it, draw a box inside it, and
    then change your mind and press CTRL+U to undo it.

    When you select Undo, the block is returned to its original position,
    size, and content. The block will remain outlined so that you can
    continue editing the same block.


    MOVING A BLOCK

    Use the arrow keys (and CTRL+arrow keys for faster movement) to move the
    block anywhere on the screen.

    If you're using a mouse, just place the mouse pointer within the outline
    of the block, press the left mouse button, and drag the block to the new
    location. If you hold down SHIFT while moving the block with the mouse,
    HyperPAD leaves copies of the block all over the screen. This is useful
    for painting patterns on a large area of the screen.



    ________________________________________________________________________
                                         Chapter 13: Painting Tools   232
    ________________________________________________________________________
    You can leave a copy of the block on the screen at the current position
    by pressing ENTER.



    ________________________________________________________________________
                                         Chapter 13: Painting Tools   233
    ________________________________________________________________________


    COPYING AND CUTTING A BLOCK

    You can cut and copy blocks to the clipboard, replacing what is
    currently in the clipboard, using the Copy Block and Cut Block commands.

    To copy a block using the mouse, hold down CTRL, then click the left
    mouse button within the block and drag the copy to a new location.


    ERASING A BLOCK

    This command erases all of the characters and attributes within the
    block, replacing them with the transparent character and the transparent
    attribute.

    If you erase the block accidentally, you can recover it using the Undo
    command.


    DRAWING A BOX WITHIN A BLOCK

    The Box Block command creates a border around the block using the
    current box style. The border is drawn within the confines of the
    outline that defines the block.


    To draw a box within the marked block:

    1.  Mark a block.

    2.  Press B to draw the box.

    To change the type of border, select the Box Style command from the
    Block menu. The dialog box that appears gives you 15 common border types
    from which to choose. With the keyboard, use the arrow keys to select a
    new border, then press ENTER. With the mouse, just click on the border
    you want.


    PAINTING BLOCK

    If you want to paint a large area with the current attribute, use the
    Paint Block command. This command changes all of the attributes within
    the borders of the block to the current paint attribute.

    If you want to change the color, press MINUS on the numeric keypad. This
    changes the current attribute, leaving the outline unchanged so that you
    can immediately paint the block again, by pressing P.



    ________________________________________________________________________
                                         Chapter 13: Painting Tools   234
    ________________________________________________________________________


    OPAQUING A BLOCK

    Oftentimes, a marked block contains transparent space. If the block is
    moved to a new location, the characters and attributes behind the marked
    block show through, making the information seem garbled. You can remedy
    this situation using the Opaque Block command.

    The Opaque Block command makes the block opaque, translating all
    transparent characters to spaces.


    CLEARING A BLOCK

    Sometimes when you move a marked block, you may want the characters and
    attributes behind the block to show through the empty spaces. In this
    case, use the Clear Block command.

    The Clear Block command makes all empty space in a block transparent by
    replacing the spaces with the transparent character (0).


    FILLING A BLOCK

    Use the Fill Block command to fill the block with the current ASCII
    character.

    You can change the current ASCII character by pressing PLUS on the
    numeric keypad and selecting a new character. Since the block remains
    marked, you can immediately fill it again by pressing F.


    TRIMMING A BLOCK

    The Trim Block command allows you to shrink the block's boundaries so
    that they enclose only the nontransparent data. HyperPAD computes the
    minimum-size rectangle needed to enclose the nontransparent data and
    reselects the block for you.

    This command is useful if you were sloppy marking your block and you
    accidentally enclosed some extra blank space. You could use the Trim
    Block command to enclose only the data you initially intended.


    MAKING A BUTTON

    The Make Button command is used to create a transparent HyperPAD button
    the same size as the marked area, then link the button to another page.

    This command is useful in designing hypertext systems, which present
    screens of information. Each screen contains links that go to other
    screens containing related information. This type of system lets the
    user browse through your data in an intuitive manner, selectively



    ________________________________________________________________________
                                         Chapter 13: Painting Tools   235
    ________________________________________________________________________


    clicking on information of interest. In HyperPAD, a quick way to create
    these links is to use the Make Button command.


    To create a button from a marked block:

    1.  Mark a block.

    2.  Choose the Make Button command from the Block menu (ALT+B, M). The
    shortcut for this command is M.

    When you select Make Button, HyperPAD presents you with a dialog box
    telling you to navigate to the destination page and select one of the
    choices. The destination page is the page that you want the button to be
    linked to when it's selected.

    3.  Navigate to the destination page and select one of the following:

    Press:      To:
    -------------------------------------------------------------
    ALT+P       Select the current page as the destination.

    ALT+A       Select the current pad as the destination.

    ALT+C       Cancel the command and return to the original page.


    THE CHAR PAINT TOOL

    The Char Paint tool allows you to paint with the current ASCII
    character. Before you begin painting, you need to select a specific
    character to paint with.


    To choose an ASCII character:

    1.  Select the ASCII char command from the Workspace menu (ALT+W, A).
    The shortcut for this command is PLUS on the numeric keypad.

    The Set Paint Character dialog box appears on-screen.

    2.  To select an ASCII character:

    With the keyboard:  Use the arrow keys to highlight the character you
    want to select and press ENTER.

    With the mouse:  Click the mouse on the ASCII character you want to
    select.

    The ASCII character you selected will appear next to the ASCII char
    command on the Workspace menu.



    ________________________________________________________________________
                                         Chapter 13: Painting Tools   236
    ________________________________________________________________________


    CHARACTER PAINTING THE EASY WAY

    If you need to constantly switch back and forth between various ASCII
    characters, you may find it tedious to use the ASCII character dialog
    box. You can speed up selection of ASCII characters by assigning
    accelerator keys to the characters you use most (up to 10 accelerator
    keys can be assigned). These keys allow you to switch between ASCII
    characters without using the dialog box.


    To assign accelerator keys to ASCII characters:

    1.  Choose the Char Paint tool from the Tools menu (ALT+T, H). The
    shortcut is CTRL+H.

    2.  Choose the ASCII Char command from the Workspace menu (ALT+W, A).
    The shortcut is the PLUS key on the numeric keypad.

    3.  When the Set Paint Character dialog box appears, use the arrow keys
    to highlight one of the characters to which you want to assign an
    accelerator key.

    4.  Hold down CTRL and press the number (0 through 9) that you want as
    the character's accelerator key.

    A list of the available accelerator keys (CTRL+1, CTRL+2, CTRL+3,. .
    .CTRL+0) appears in a column to the right of the character list. As you
    assign accelerator keys, each character selection is placed next to the
    corresponding accelerator key.

    5.  Repeat steps 3 and 4 to make additional assignments.

    Accelerator keys remain operational until you replace them with other
    characters (even if you leave HyperPAD).


    To use the accelerator keys:

    1.  Select the Char Paint tool from the Tools menu (ALT+T, H). The
    shortcut is CTRL+H.

    2.  Hold down CTRL and press the accelerator key (0 through 9)
    corresponding to the character you want.

    The character assigned to that accelerator key will be inserted into the
    text and will become the current ASCII character.



    ________________________________________________________________________
                                         Chapter 13: Painting Tools   237
    ________________________________________________________________________


    THE SELECTOR TOOL

    The Selector tool allows you to modify the buttons and fields present on
    backgrounds and pages. This tool is discussed in depth in Chapter 14,
    "Manipulating Buttons and Fields."


    PAINTING TOOL OPTIONS

    HyperPAD offers many customization options that change the way the
    painting tools are used, including the way attributes are placed on the
    screen, automatic indenting when the ENTER key is pressed, and Insert
    mode. Each option is accessible using the Options command on the
    Workspace menu (ALT+W, O).

 Ŀ
                                                                        
  **** The Printed Documentation has a picture or screen shot here **** 
                                                                        
 
    

    Each option with an X between the brackets is active.

    The following subsections describe each of the available options.


    USE PAINTING TOOLS WITH CURRENT ATTRIBUTE

    This option causes the current paint attribute to be used with every
    painting tool. When you type text or draw lines, the characters are
    placed on the screen using the current attribute.



    ________________________________________________________________________
                                         Chapter 13: Painting Tools   238
    ________________________________________________________________________


    AUTOMATIC INDENTING

    Automatic indenting only works with the Text tool. When this option is
    selected, and the ENTER key is pressed while entering text, the cursor
    moves directly under the leftmost (nonspace) character on the previous
    line. This is helpful when you want to line up text or type into boxes.

    Note:  This capability is available only if you turn on the option
    called  Use extended ASCII characters as end of line.


    USE EXTENDED ASCII CHARACTERS AS END OF LINE

    Extended ASCII characters are nonletter, nondigit, nonpunctuation
    characters that you can't normally type with the keyboard. Selecting
    this option causes extended characters to act as the right margin of a
    typing area when you're using the Text tool.

    Note:  In order for this option to have any effect, the Insert mode
    (push characters right) option must also be selected.


    AUTOMATIC TOOL SWITCHING

    This option allows mouse users to quickly change between the Selector
    tool (which is used to manipulate buttons and fields) and a painting
    tool. When this option is on and you select a button or field with the
    mouse, the Selector tool is automatically activated. And when you click
    the mouse button outside of any buttons or fields, the painting tool you
    were last working with is activated.

    This option is useful if you constantly switch between the Selector and
    a painting tool.


    INSERT MODE (PUSH CHARACTERS RIGHT)

    When this option is on, the text that you type on the screen pushes the
    remaining characters on that line to the right. When this option is not
    on (overtype mode), the characters that you type replace those on the
    line.

    To toggle Insert mode on and off without accessing a menu, simply press
    the INS key.



    ________________________________________________________________________
                                         Chapter 13: Painting Tools   239
    ________________________________________________________________________


    PUSH CHARACTERS OFF EDGE OF PAGE

    If you select this option, text will be pushed off the end of the line
    (if Insert mode is also selected). For example, if there is a character
    in column 80 on the line on which you are typing, HyperPAD will push the
    character off the edge of the screen.

    If this option is not selected, HyperPAD will beep instead of losing the
    characters off the end of the line. Use this option if you're afraid of
    losing characters off the end of your lines.

    This option has no effect if Insert mode is not selected (because
    characters aren't being pushed right).


    PAINTING TRICKS

    The following subsections describe techniques that will make painting
    easier. Among the tricks are ways to view the page separated from its
    background, view nontransparent elements on a page or background, and
    delete and insert lines.


    DISPLAYING ALL ATTRIBUTES

    If you want to know what attribute is assigned to each cell on the page
    or background, you can do so quickly.

    When a character cell contains a space or the transparent character, it
    is impossible to determine the foreground color, because the cell
    appears as a block using the background color. This trick lets you
    temporarily view the screen filled with characters so that you can
    determine the foreground/background color combination being used in the
    character cells.


    To see all of the attributes on the screen:

    1.  Select a painting tool.

    2.  Press CTRL+A.

    HyperPAD temporarily fills the screen with block characters in each
    character cell. This allows you to examine the attributes assigned to
    the cells.

    3.  Press ESC to return to what you were just viewing.



    ________________________________________________________________________
                                         Chapter 13: Painting Tools   240
    ________________________________________________________________________


    VIEWING ONLY THE PAGE

    As your pads become more complex, you may find it difficult to keep
    track of what elements are on the background and page layers. Instead of
    selecting the Background command from the Edit menu (ALT+E, B), you can
    quickly view only the page elements by holding down both SHIFT keys. As
    soon as you release the keys, HyperPAD will return to viewing both the
    current page and its background.


    HIGHLIGHTING OPAQUE

    By holding down ALT+SHIFT, you can see all the elements on the page or
    background that are not transparent. This technique is used to identify
    which paint elements on the page will hide background elements and spot
    the holes through which background elements will be seen.


    INSERTING A ROW

    The two key combinations presented below are used to insert a new line
    on the paint layer.


    To insert a line:

    1.  Position the cursor on the line before which you want to insert a
    new line.

    2.  Press one of the following key combinations:

    CTRL+I:  Inserts a line above the cursor's position. The cells in this
    line will contain the transparent character and attribute.

    CTRL+SHIFT+I:  Inserts a line above the cursor's position.


    DELETING A ROW

    You can delete a line anywhere on the screen, creating a blank line on
    the bottom of the screen.


    To delete a line on the page or background:

    1.  Position the cursor on the line to be deleted.

    2.  Press CTRL+D or CTRL+Y.



    ________________________________________________________________________
                                         Chapter 13: Painting Tools   241
    ________________________________________________________________________


    OTHER PAINTING TIPS

        0  To paint faster with the keyboard, hold down CTRL+SHIFT while
           painting with the arrow keys.

        0  To paint straight lines of ASCII characters, place the mouse
           pointer where you want to begin painting, then hold down both the
           SHIFT key and the left mouse button while dragging the mouse.

        0  When the tool box is displayed, you can quickly access the Set
           Paint Attribute dialog box by placing the mouse cursor on the
           Tool Box's Char Paint command and double-clicking the left mouse
           button.


    CONCLUSION

    In this chapter, you learned how to use HyperPAD's painting tools to
    create attractive screen layouts for your pads. The first section
    described the painting environment, including how the screen is divided
    up into character cells. You learned all about the painting tools, which
    allow you to manipulate the characters and attributes that make up these
    cells.

    At the end of the chapter, you learned how to control your painting
    environment using the Workspace Options and picked up some productivity
    tips that can help make the on-screen information more easily
    understandable.
