
























                                       PEDIGREE





                                     Version 3.7






                                          by


                                      Ken Murphy



















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       INTRODUCTION  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   5

       WHAT PEDIGREE DOES  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   5
            Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   6
            General Functions and Processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   6

       SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  10

       INSTALLATION  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  11
            The Program  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  11
                 The Distribution Files  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  11
                 The Program Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  12
                 After Installation  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  13
                      Review and Cleanup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  13
                      The First Printer Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  14
            The Epson-Compatible Printer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  15
                 DIP Switchs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  15
                 Printer Capabilities  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  15
                 Character Sets  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  16

       GEDCOM DATA INPUT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  17
            General  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  17
            Names  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  20
            Dates  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  21
                 GEDCOM 4.0 Dates  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  21
                 PAF Dates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  21
                 Date Processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  22
                 Age Processing  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  22

       USING "PEDIGREE"  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  23
            Limitations  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  23
            Optimizing Speed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  23
                 Execution Speed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  23
                 Printing Speed  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  24
            Starting The Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  25
            The First Execution  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  25
            Choosing 4 or 5 Generation Charts  . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  27
                 Why Choose 4 Generation Charts? . . . . . . . . . . . . .  27
                 Why Choose 5 Generation Charts? . . . . . . . . . . . . .  28
            Screen Displays  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  28
                 Banner  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  28
                 Parameters  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  28
                      Chart Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  29
                      Chart Border . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  30
                      Chart Box  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  30
                      Title? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  31
                      GEDCOM File  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  31
                      Prepared For:  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  31
                      Display Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  32
                      Double Strike? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  32
                      Unidirectional?  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  33
                      Print Age At Death?  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  33
                      Print Marriage Date? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  34

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                      Printer Font . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  34
                      Printer Character Set  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  35
                      Character Style  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  35
                      Force Upper Case Printing? . . . . . . . . . . . . .  36
                      Enable Audits? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  36
                 Audit Specifications  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  36
                 Chart Construction  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  37
                 GEDCOM File Loading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  38
                 Starting Person Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  38
                      The Display  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  38
                      Moving Around the List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  40
                      Navigating With Family Links . . . . . . . . . . . .  41
                      Name Searching . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  42
                      Sorting The List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  43
                      Printing The List  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  44
                      Printing the Surname Cross Reference . . . . . . . .  46
                      Printing the Surname Index Report  . . . . . . . . .  46
                      Printing the Surname Summary Report  . . . . . . . .  46
                      CVectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  47
                 The Pedigree Display  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  49
                      Moving Around the Pedigree . . . . . . . . . . . . .  49
                      Printing The Pedigree  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  50
            Reports  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  51
                 Graphic Pedigree  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  51
                 Picklist Lists  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  51
                 Surname Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  52
                 Surname Cross Reference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  53
                 Surname Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  53
            Managing The List With The Pedigree  . . . . . . . . . . . . .  54
            Errors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  55
            Key Commands Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  57
                 Parameter Specification Screen  . . . . . . . . . . . . .  57
                 Select Starting Person Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  57
                 Pedigree Chart Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  58
                 Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  58

       REGISTERING PEDIGREE  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  59

       THE REGISTERED VERSION  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  60

       PEDIGREE TECHNICAL SPECS  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  61

       USER SUPPORT  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  62

       DISCLAIMER  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  62

       REVISION HISTORY / WHAT'S NEW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  62

       EPSON BUILT-IN CHARACTER SETS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  67

       FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  68

       REGISTRATION FORM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  70

       INDEX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  71

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                                          4





       I. INTRODUCTION

       Development of this program grew out of my need to draw "presentable"
       pedigree charts that I could give to others.  By "presentable" I mean
       something reasonably attractive and more than your basic genealogical
       database program can produce.  Additionally, the charts had to be drawn
       using my 24-pin dot matrix LQ printer.

       After looking around for other software available, I discovered there
       was only one program that would make "display quality" pedigree charts
       on my printer, and it cost more than $60.  Besides the cost, I would
       have had to re-input all my genealogical data into it's database.

       An alternative that some genealogists used was to employ a word
       processor and a laser printer to make pleasing pedigree charts in
       landscape mode.  Again, that wasn't an acceptable alternative since all
       I had was my trusty 24-pin dot matrix printer.

       Where to turn?  I wasn't after monk-drawn parchment stuff - just
       something I felt comfortable giving to my grandmother.  Well, it seems
       as if I'd found an excuse to do some programming!

       Note: as you read this you'll notice all references to keyboard keys or
       keystroke sequences are enclosed within <>.  For example, <F1> means to
       press the F1 key.  The sequence <Ctrl K><B> means to hold down the
       <Ctrl> key while pressing the <K> key.  Then let up the <Ctrl> and <K>
       keys and press the <B> key by itself.  Don't type the <>. 

       The unregistered version is fully functional, but it is limited in the
       number of persons and families it will process.  Thank you for using
       PEDIGREE, and enjoy the program!

       II. WHAT PEDIGREE DOES

       PEDIGREE prints display-quality, 4 or 5 generation pedigree charts on
       an Epson LQ-compatible 24 pin dot matrix printer at 180 dots-per-inch
       using standard GEDCOM data as input.  The 4 generation charts have
       boxes for 15 persons, and the 5 generation chart has boxes for 31
       persons.  Each box contains names, birth and death dates and,
       optionally, the age at death.  Marriage dates of parents can optionally
       be printed next to siblings.  You can "design" your own pedigree chart
       by choosing from 6 chart border designs and 5 box styles.  You can also
       suppress the border on the chart.  Altogether, PEDIGREE offers 70
       different pedigree chart designs.  The chart designs differ one from
       another in border style, box style, type font, shading and number of
       generations.  All charts fit on one 8.5" x 11" page and are printed in
       portrait (vertical) fashion.

       PEDIGREE also has use as a GEDCOM utility for such things as viewing
       the file without printing.  You can use PEDIGREE's on-screen scrolling
       pedigree display to "view" a pedigree generated from a GEDCOM file.  Or
       you can use PEDIGREE to print several types of reports from a list of
       persons and families in a GEDCOM file without asking for a pedigree
       chart.  You can use PEDIGREE's sorts to analyze the contents of a
       GEDCOM file in ways not available with other database programs.

                                          5





       PEDIGREE has numerous audit checks designed to find bad genealogical
       links.  PEDIGREE is particularly good at spotting links to a parent
       whose data suggests he/she might not actually be a "real" parent. 
       These cross-record checks supplement PEDIGREE's record-level checks for
       each person/family.

          A. Features

            Parameter screen - no command line parameters
            Automatically saved/reloaded parameters
            Standard GEDCOM format used for input data
            On-screen, scrolling pedigree display
            Scrolling picklist to select the pedigree's starting person
            Five sort sequences to order the Starting Person picklist
            Name search within the Starting Person picklist
            One-key navigation to the Father, Mother or Spouse in the
             Starting Person picklist
            Graphics-based pedigree chart on an LQ dot matrix printer
            GEDCOM pedigree "viewer"
            10 special printer fonts for names & dates
            "Personalized" pedigree chart with any name you choose
            Selectable screen sizing for EGA and VGA displays
            Option to force UPPER CASE when printing a chart
            Context-sensitive help
            Select border & box designs for all charts - over 130 possible
             design combinations
            Age (in years) at time of death optionally printed
            Marriage dates optionally printed
            GEDCOM standard list report of "marked" or all persons
            Selectable 13 Epson built-in international character sets
            4 and 5 generation charts
            Single-sheet feed "pre-printed" chart option
            Options to control chart printing quality vs. speed
            Compressed graphic chart image files to conserve disk space
            Uses EMS & RamDisk for program storage to improve performance
            Single keystroke navigation of the pedigree
            Automated installation of the registered version
            Soundex codes for surnames in Starting Person picklist
            Surname cross-reference summary reports with Soundex codes
            CVectors to help find duplicates, twins, data errors, etc.
            Audits for ages & sex of parents & grandparents - user limits
            Menu access to all the printer's built-in style & appearance
             features

          B. General Functions and Processing

          PEDIGREE has four major purposes.  It's primary purpose, of course,
          is to print display-quality pedigree charts on an Epson-compatible
          printer.  Over it's evolution PEDIGREE has grown from a program
          capable of printing a single 4-generation chart design to 7 chart
          designs to 70 chart designs to over 130 chart designs both 4 and 5
          generation.

          It's secondary purpose is to permit the user to explore the GEDCOM
          data through on-screen scrolling pedigree and picklist displays

                                          6





          while being able to track the GEDCOM links to ancestors.

          It's third major purpose is to print register reports with one or
          all or any number of persons the user selects from the GEDCOM data. 
          The reports are available both at the detailed and summary level.

          Finally, PEDIGREE has some comprehensive data auditing capabilities
          to help analyze the GEDCOM data.  It can construct and use CVectors
          to locate bad genealogical links, find duplicates, locate twins,
          etc. It can also spot parent links to persons whose data suggests
          they might not be the correct parents.

          As noted, PEDIGREE's primary purpose is to print display-quality 4
          and 5 generation pedigree charts on a 24-pin dot matrix printer. 
          That's right, you don't need to cough up those $$ for a laser
          printer to get presentable pedigree charts.  Nor do you need to
          custom build a chart with a word processor.  With PEDIGREE, you can
          use your current genealogical database program to make a GEDCOM
          file, and PEDIGREE will print attractive pedigree charts using that
          GEDCOM file.  PEDIGREE also can print a few standard register
          reports from your GEDCOM data.  Another useful purpose is to view
          and/or chart data in GEDCOM files given to you by another
          genealogist.

          PEDIGREE uses "industry standard" GEDCOM files as it's data input
          source.  Yes, I know that the GEDCOM format isn't "standard" and
          it's still evolving, but it's the closest thing we genealogists have
          to a common denominator data format as I write this.  Using GEDCOM
          as input means that this program will be usable by the widest
          possible genealogical data processing community.

          PEDIGREE allows you to select the specific 4 or 5 generations to
          print using a scrolling, searchable "picklist" of the persons in the
          GEDCOM file and on-screen scrolling of the pedigree display.  The
          pedigree display looks like a pedigree and not just a list.  You can
          "walk" the pedigree using the cursor control arrow keys.  Using a
          picklist to scroll within the list of persons is an essential
          feature if you have several family lines within the GEDCOM data.  

          You can sort the picklist of persons in one of five ways.  Using one
          of PEDIGREE's sorts is the easiest way to collect together everyone
          with the same (or similar) surname or everyone in the same family. 
          Sorting the list by name is the easiest way to determine exactly
          which surnames are present in the GEDCOM file, and which persons
          don't have surnames (they'll sort to the end of the list).  You can
          instantly move the picklist to the Father or the person highlighted,
          the Mother or the Spouse.

          PEDIGREE can calculate a CVector to help you locate duplicated
          entries in your GEDCOM file.  A CVector can also be used to locate
          twins and incorrectly linked records or bad birth years.  PEDIGREE
          can audit the age-at-birth of both the parents and both sets of
          grandparents using age minimums and maximums you supply and show you
          possible errors in your GEDCOM links.


                                          7





          PEDIGREE can also be used as a GEDCOM data file "viewer" without
          printing.  Suppose you've just received a new GEDCOM, and you want
          to see what the pedigrees are like before you load it into your
          database?  No problem.  PEDIGREE will show you exactly what the
          GEDCOM data contains person-by-person and by ancestry.  And PEDIGREE
          can be used as a simple GEDCOM lister.  There's an option to print a
          standard register style report from the GEDCOM list.  These last
          features operate completely independent of any "pedigree" processing
          to display or print charts.  You can optionally "mark" those persons
          to be listed or you can print the entire list.

          PEDIGREE provides much the same family linking ability and
          associated displays that any genealogical database program offers. 
          It also has the simplicity and ease of use afforded by single
          keystroke navigation of either the list of names and dates or the
          scrolling pedigree.

          PEDIGREE lets you select the style of printed chart.  You can choose
          from 7 chart borders (including "NONE") and 5 box styles for either
          a 4 or 5 generation chart.  Both the border style and box style are
          individually selectable as is the text font.  Pick the chart style
          that pleases you from among the wide variety of choices.

          PEDIGREE also provides a feature to print a blank pedigree chart.  I
          found this useful for making blanks on which I (or my relatives)
          could write.  Of course, once you've made the first blank, you could
          run off a bunch of copies on a copier just as easily.  That's fine. 
          A registered user is free to reproduce any chart as often as needed. 
          Printing a BLANK chart is an essential prerequisite to using the
          PREPRINT chart feature.
        
          Reproducing on a copier a blank chart which was originally printed
          on a dot matrix printer will often look better than the original
          because you can adjust the copier controls.  This is a good
          technique when you want to use a chart you've enhanced through
          copying or pen-and-ink work.  PEDIGREE has an option that will allow
          you to single-sheet feed these "Pre-printed" charts into your
          printer.  Using this mode of charting, PEDIGREE will send only the
          pedigree data to the printer and not the chart graphics.  PEDIGREE
          will expect, of course, that you've mounted one of it's own designs
          into the printer.  Using the PREPRINT chart mode potentially
          provides not only the highest quality of printout but also the
          fastest.

          As noted above, PEDIGREE will print a standard, column-oriented
          report that looks exactly like the on-screen picklist of persons. 
          That is, rather than printing a pedigree chart, you can print the
          list of persons in standard register report.  PEDIGREE expects you
          to select the persons to be printed in the report by individually
          "marking" them.  Printing in list form is a good idea if you're
          dealing with a new GEDCOM file, and you're not ready to print a
          pedigree chart.  Sorting the list before it's printed is an easy way
          to collect together for "marking" and subsequent printing all those
          persons with the same surname.  PEDIGREE can also print a report
          listing every unique surname in your GEDCOM data along with the

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          GEDCOM numbers of the persons with that surname.

          PEDIGREE also provides access to the Epson printer's built-in
          international character sets and special printing effects.  An Epson
          850/950/1050 has 14 built-in international character sets.  PEDIGREE
          allows you to select which character set you want the printer to
          use.  With this feature you have access to 13 of the built-in 14
          international character sets.  PEDIGREE also provides access to the
          3 ornamental styles of letters.

          PEDIGREE has options to improve the print quality of a chart. You
          can "emphasize" a printed result by using a Double Strike printing
          technique.  PEDIGREE does this through micro vertical positioning of
          the paper and reprinting of the data.  Although an "emphasized"
          chart takes twice as long to print, it very often has a marked
          improvement in appearance.  PEDIGREE also permits a "draft" mode to
          speed printing of a pedigree chart by not using the appearance
          improvement options.

          PEDIGREE has an option that effects print quality by allowing you to
          select Bidirectional or Unidirectional movement of the printer's
          print head.  Again, there's a trade-off between speed of printing
          and quality of result, but the choice is yours.

          As you can see, PEDIGREE provides a wealth of options for you to
          customize the pedigree chart.  You have control over almost all
          aspects of print style and content.

          C. The Charts

          There are many different chart designs available.  Each of them uses
          boxes to "contain" the data for an person.  The boxes are connected
          with lines to show familial relationships.  Some chart designs use
          shadowed boxes, and others use unshadowed boxes.  Some chart styles
          use straight line boxes while others used "plaque" style boxes.  The
          border is different on each chart as is the text font for preprinted
          words.  You have the ability to select whatever border style you
          like from 7 choices and whatever box style you like from 5 choices,
          and you can select either for a 4 generation chart or a 5 generation
          chart.

          Above the central person's box is the word "FATHER", and below it is
          the word "MOTHER".  In every case, the Father's box appears above
          the sibling while the Mother's box appears below.

          Each chart has a border around the perimeter of the page, and it is
          different for each chart.  At the top of the chart is the word
          "PEDIGREE" in large letters.  On several charts border styles, the
          title "PEDIGREE" appears in the middle of the top border.  On one
          border style it appears in the upper left corner of the page, and
          the top border is unbroken.  PEDIGREE provides an option wherein you
          can suppress the printing of the stylized title "PEDIGREE" if that's
          your preference.  A sample printout made during printer testing
          illustrates all of PEDIGREE's border and box designs.


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          In the bottom left corner of the page is a graphic of a tree.  To
          the right of that are two lines (one over the other) containing
          "Family Tree" and "Prepared For:".

          Half of the possible chart designs are 5 generation.  Because of the
          limited space on a 5 generation chart, the lettering is done only in
          pitch 15 characters.  Also, border design and box style cannot be
          altered on a 5 generation chart.

       III. SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS

       You'll need a compatible IBM "286" or better with MS-DOS and 640K bytes
       of main storage to run this program.  PEDIGREE requires 2.2 MB of disk
       space to install the registered version.  The unregistered version
       requires slightly less than 2 MB.  After installation, the ZIP file and
       some of PEDIGREE's documentation and installation files can be deleted. 
       In that form PEDIGREE requires about 1.8 MB.  Both the registered and
       unregistered version require an extra 550 KB work space to construct
       the graphic chart image.  PEDIGREE's need for main memory increases as
       the number of persons in the GEDCOM input increases.  PEDIGREE has
       successfully processed a GEDCOM file with 4500 persons and 1200
       families using a computer with 618K free main memory and 130K free
       Upper Memory Blocks.  Using a memory manager such as QEMM to load
       processors into the high (above 640K) RAM frees RAM below 640K. 
       PEDIGREE uses main RAM to store an person's data.  The more persons in
       your GEDCOM file, the more main memory PEDIGREE will need.

       PEDIGREE runs with MS-DOS version 3.1 or later.  It also runs as a DOS
       application in Windows 3.x.

       You'll also need an Epson-compatible 24-pin dot matrix printer of the
       LQ persuasion (that's what this is all about, right?).  The printer you
       use MUST be fully Epson LQ compatible.

       If you're going to print a pedigree chart rather than just view it
       on-screen, you'll get much better results if your printer ribbon is
       fresh.  Secondly, your chart will look much better if your printer
       handles single sheets and you can use colored paper of heavy stock. 
       I've had good success with an ivory or light beige colored paper.

       Minimally, you'll need a CGA-compatible color monitor.  PEDIGREE looks
       best when you've got an EGA monitor or better.  I've designed PEDIGREE
       to use EGA colors, but it'll work on a CGA.  

       You do not need memory above 1 MB such as EMS, but, if you have it,
       PEDIGREE will use it.  With version 3.2 or later of the
       Lotus/Intel/Microsoft Expanded Memory Specification (EMS) available,
       PEDIGREE will load parts of it's code into EMS thereby improving it's
       performance since it's overlays won't have to be loaded from slower
       disk.

       PEDIGREE will not run from a floppy.  It's too big to be contained on
       any single floppy.  Earlier versions of PEDIGREE were able to run from
       a floppy, but versions 2.5 and later require a hard disk.


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       After the installation, you can delete several of the files from your
       hard disk which PEDIGREE does not require to run.  That will reduce
       registered PEDIGREE's needs to less than 1.8 MB.
        
       IV. INSTALLATION

          A. The Program

             1. The Distribution Files

             PEDIGREE is distributed in three .ZIP files; PEDGR0.ZIP,
             PEDGR1.ZIP and PEDGR2.ZIP.  They all can be unpacked by any of
             several programs available through CompuServe and other sources
             that unpack the ZIP v2 format.  PKWARE, Inc.'s PKUNZIP v2 is the
             program of choice.

             PEDGR0.ZIP contains the program documentation.  In the
             unregistered version, it contains the single ASCII file
             PEDIGREE.TXT.  The registered version has the WordPerfect 5.1
             formatted manual PEDIGREE.DOC.  PEDGR1.ZIP contains the
             executable code and other system files, and PEDGR2.ZIP contains
             the compressed chart images, borders and boxes.  PEDGR2.ZIP is,
             essentially, the graphic image library for PEDIGREE

             There may be a "READ.ME" file on the disk shipped to registered
             users.  Since PEDIGREE continues to evolve, the READ.ME file
             contains late-breaking news that didn't make it into the
             program's manual prior to shipping.  The version of PEDIGREE
             shipped usually has changes not available in the unregistered
             version uploaded to a BBS, CIS, etc.  The disk shipped to
             registered users also contains an automatic installation program
             for installing PEDIGREE to a hard disk.  If you have the
             unregistered version, you have only the three ZIP files.

             Before you do anything else, make a backup copy of the
             distribution ZIP files.  You can copy the files with the DOS COPY
             command.  Put the originals safely away.  Now you're ready to
             proceed with the installation using the copies.

             There's nothing unusual to installing the program ... simply copy
             the PEDGRx.ZIP files onto your working disk in the subdirectory
             where you want PEDIGREE to live.  Then use one of "unzipper"
             programs such as "PKUNZIP" to unpack them.  Or you can "unZIP"
             the distribution files from the copy you made directly to your
             hard disk.  As their filename extension implies, the distribution
             files will not execute by themselves.  Registered users get an
             automatic installation program which does everything to install
             the program without intervention by the user.

             Assuming the PEDIGREE distribution disk copy is in the A: drive,
             PKUNZIP is what you're using, it's visible to DOS, and you're
             installing to your C: hard disk by first copying the distribution
             files to it, type the following from the DOS prompt:

             C:                   . make C: the active drive

                                          11





             CD \                 . make sure we're at the root directory
             MKDIR PEDIGREE       . make new directory PEDIGREE
             CD PEDIGREE          . switch to the new directory
             COPY A:\PEDGR*.ZIP   . copy the distribution files into it
             PKUNZIP -e PEDGR0    . unZIP the distribution files
             PKUNZIP -e PEDGR1    .
             PKUNZIP -e PEDGR2    .
                                   
                                  Don't type anything beyond this point

             A better alternative is to unzip the files directly from the
             floppy to the hard disk.  Assuming the PEDIGREE distribution disk
             copy is in the A: drive and you're installing to your C: hard
             disk without first copying the distribution file to it (unZIPping
             from floppy to hard disk), type the following from the DOS
             prompt:

             C:
             CD \
             MKDIR PEDIGREE
             PKUNZIP -e A:\PEDGR0.ZIP C:\PEDIGREE
             PKUNZIP -e A:\PEDGR1.ZIP C:\PEDIGREE
             PKUNZIP -e A:\PEDGR2.ZIP C:\PEDIGREE

             If the distribution files are already on the hard disk, follow
             the second example above but replace the "A:\" with whatever hard
             disk path has the distribution ZIP files.

             As noted above, the registered version includes an automated
             installation program which is the recommended way to install the
             PEDIGREE system.  To use it, put your PEDIGREE distribution disk
             into a floppy drive and enter:

                INSTALL X Y

             where X is the drive letter of the installation floppy and Y is
             the hard disk to which you want PEDIGREE installed.  PEDIGREE
             will be completely installed into Y:\PEDIGREE, but without
             copying the ZIP distribution files.  Installation in this manner
             requires 2.3 MB of hard disk space.

             2. The Program Files

             After unzipping, PEDIGREE expands into the following files:

                a. x.EXE (the executable programs of PEDIGREE)
                b. PEDIGREE.BAT  (batch file to run the PEDIGREE system)
                c. x.BOR files  (compressed border graphic images)
                d. x.BOX files  (compressed box graphic images)
                e. x.CHT  (compressed fixed design charts)
                f. PEDIGREE.TXT  (the manual in ASCII text)
                g. PEDIGREE.DOC  (the manual in WordPerfect 5.1 format)
                h. x.LQC files (optional printer fonts)
                i. READ.ME file.  It contains late-breaking or version-
                   specific info about the program that wasn't included in

                                          12





                   this document.
                j. TSTFONTS.BAT file.  Execute this to test the special fonts
                   on your printer.
                k. TESTONE.BAT file.  TSTFONTS.BAT uses this.  There's no
                   reason for you to mess with this.
                l. FONTTEST.TXT file.  Sample text to be used for testing each
                   of the special fonts.
                m. EXAMPLES.BAT file.  Execute this to print a single page
                   illustrating all of PEDIGREE's border and box designs.

             3. After Installation

                a. Review and Cleanup

                PEDIGREE is now installed on your hard disk along with it's
                supporting files and documentation.  First, print or display
                (and read!) any READ.ME file.  Next, you'll need to review the
                program documentation.  You can either COPY the PEDIGREE.TXT
                file to your printer or you can use WordPerfect 5.1 to
                retrieve and print the PEDIGREE.DOC file.  If you have a way
                to import a WordPerfect 5.1 document into your word processor,
                then do it.  Using WordPerfect to print the manual gets you
                special graphics and illustrations not possible in the ASCII
                .TXT version.  NOTE: the unregistered version does not have a
                manual in WordPerfect format.

                It's now safe to remove some of files from your hard disk
                which PEDIGREE does not need.  Once again, make active the
                directory where PEDIGREE lives, and type in the following DOS
                commands:

                ERASE PEDGR*.ZIP
                ERASE READ.ME
                ERASE PEDIGREE.TXT
                ERASE PEDIGREE.DOC

                The first "ERASE" command removes the original PEDIGREE
                distribution files.  They're not needed to run the program so
                save the disk space.  Besides, you've made backups, right? 
                Later on you'll be able to erase a few more small files. 
                PEDIGREE requires the .EXE, .CHT, .BOR and .BOX files, and
                they must be in the same subdirectory as the program or
                "visible" on the DOS path.  The .LQC files are required if you
                intend to use one of the special printer fonts.

                Now you can run any virus scanner with which you're
                comfortable.  If you're cautious like me, you're well advised
                to be "safe rather than sorry".  I can guarantee the files as
                I distribute them, but not those you received from a source
                other than myself or CompuServe.

                You do not need to alter your CONFIG.SYS file.  It's best, and
                makes the most sense, to keep all of the PEDIGREE files in the
                same subdirectory.  The unzip program will have put them all
                in one place.

                                          13





                If you want to reduce PEDIGREE's hard disk space usage to the
                bare minimum, you can also erase it's printer test files and
                chart examples AFTER you use them as described in the
                following section.  Those files are:

                   EXAMPLES.BAT and EXAMPLES.CHT
                   TSTFONTS.BAT, TESTONE.BAT and FONTTEXT.TXT
                   CHARTPRT.EXE

                Erasing those six files will return about 164 KB of disk
                space.

                b. The First Printer Test

                The first thing you should do is test your printer for
                compatibility with PEDIGREE.  If you have an Epson LQ-
                850/950/1050 there's no need to run this test, but I recommend
                you do it anyway.  The test will provide you with a printed
                record with examples of every special font, border and box
                styles PEDIGREE can use.  To run the printer test ready your
                printer and then do the following from the DOS prompt (this
                assumes you installed PEDIGREE into C:\PEDIGREE):

                C:
                CD \PEDIGREE
                TSTFONTS

                Executing the TSTFONTS.BAT file from the DOS prompt will test
                the special fonts and graphics capability of your printer. 
                Each font, in turn, will be downloaded to your printer
                followed by test text to be printed using that font.  The
                screen displays a message as each font is sent to the printer. 
                Last, a full page of graphics is sent to the printer.  This
                page is an example of every border and box design available,
                and it makes a good visual reference when running PEDIGREE in
                the future.

                If the test succeeds, the printer will print text in every
                font, the full page of graphics, and then it will stop. 
                Examine the printed result carefully.  Keep the test printouts
                for future reference.  You can reprint the full graphics page
                with the examples at any time by entering the following
                command from the DOS prompt with PEDIGREE's subdirectory the
                active one:

                   EXAMPLES

                The printer test may fail in one of several ways.  If the
                printer is not completely Epson LQ compatible, failure most
                likely will be the printer's refusal to print accompanied by
                some sign of objection such as a warning light or "beep".  Or
                the printed result may be garbled.  If you don't get a
                successful printer test result and you're sure your printer is
                Epson compatible, PEDIGREE will still be useable - just avoid
                using the special fonts.  To use PEDIGREE, however, you MUST

                                          14





                be able to print the EXAMPLES chart of border and box styles.

                After running the printer test you can delete the following
                files:

                   TSTFONTS.BAT
                   FONTTEST.TXT
                   TSTONE.BAT
                   EXAMPLES.CHT
                   EXAMPLES.BAT

                Any file deleted can be recovered from the original
                distribution files.

          B. The Epson-Compatible Printer

             1. DIP Switchs

             The major consideration for using PEDIGREE with your Epson
             LQ-compatible printer is to assure that any DIP switches are set
             properly.  This generally means leaving them at (or returning
             them to) the factory defaults.  The important settings are:

             Skip Over Perforation - OFF
             Auto Line Feed - OFF
             Character Table - Epson Graphics
             International Character Set - USA
             Page Length - normal 11 inchs
             Bottom Margin - None
             Paper Out Detector - Enabled
             Usage of RAM - Download (not buffered)
             Character Set - Epson (not IBM)

             DIP switch settings shouldn't bother PEDIGREE because it sets the
             printer modes with software commands.  Some printers lock the
             setting of the printer console buttons if, when the printer is
             turned on, you have pressed certain printer control buttons. 
             Don't do that.  PEDIGREE needs control of the printer.  I don't
             recommend that you mess with the DIP switchs unless PEDIGREE has
             a problem with the printer.  

             The Epson 24-pin printers have a DIP switch setting for selecting
             an international character set.  Your printer can be configured
             for any character set with it's DIP switch, but PEDIGREE software
             selects whatever international character set you select on the
             parameter entry screen.  That selection remains in effect only
             until PEDIGREE finishes.

             Another DIP switch setting chooses between the italics or the
             Epson Extended Graphics character table.  PEDIGREE employs the
             Epson Extended Graphics character table, and, again, it's
             software selected.

             2. Printer Capabilities


                                          15





             Your Epson LQ-compatible printer must be capable of the
             following:

              triple-density (180 Dots-per-Inch) printing
              n/180 inch vertical positioning
              Downloadable user fonts (R)
              Switchable between ROM and RAM fonts (R)
              Selectable absolute horizontal print head positioning
              Selectable character tables

             Note: Some "Epson compatible" printers, while correctly
             interpreting the Epson printer command codes, do not print on the
             same page area as a true Epson.  Some Panasonic printers, for
             example, have a larger non-printable white space margin at the
             top and bottom of a page.  The Epson LQ-850 has a top margin of
             .33" and a bottom margin of .53" for continuous feed paper.  A
             Panasonic KX-P1123, on the other hand, has a top margin of .7"
             and a bottom margin of 1.0" for continuous fan-fold paper.  That
             means, for the Panasonic, there are positions on the paper it
             can't reach that the Epson can.  Secondly, the margin limits for
             some printers using single sheets are different than if using
             continuous feed paper.

             I've tried to create pedigree chart designs which fit within
             margin limits of "Epson compatible" printers known to me.  If you
             see charts spilling over onto a second page, you may have one of
             those printers.  A poor alternative for such a printer is to
             print a pedigree chart without a border.

             PEDIGREE has been successfully tested on the following printers:

             Epson LQ-850/950/1050
             Panasonic KX-P1124/1526/1624
             Star Micronics NX-2400

             "Tested" means that a pedigree chart correctly printed. Not every
             feature of PEDIGREE was tested on printers other than an Epson. 
             I cannot say with certainty, for example, that special fonts work
             on a Panasonic 1526.

             3. Character Sets

             PEDIGREE allows selection of several printer features which
             control the appearance of the printed alphanumeric characters. 
             Among these features are the font and the character style.  A
             basic Epson LQ-850 has two built-in fonts, i.e., Roman and Sans
             Serif.  To use Courier, Prestige or Script font, you need the
             optional font cartridge.  

             Other LQ-compatible printers are different.  For example, the
             default type styles of the Star Micronics are Courier, an
             optional font, Prestige, Orator and Script.  Those fonts are
             built into the printer hardware.

             In order to provide the maximum versatility in printing charts

                                          16





             and to give you control over character appearance, PEDIGREE has
             two features.  First, there are 10 custom fonts supplied with the
             program.  If, for example, your Epson does not have the optional
             font cartridge and you want a script font, you'll be able to
             print a chart the way you like using one of the custom fonts. 
             Second, PEDIGREE permits selection of one of two of the printer's
             hardware fonts.  The parameter screen shows all the fonts
             available.  The first two in the list of fonts are called
             PRINTER1 and PRINTER2, and they really mean whatever your printer
             defines as default font 0 and 1.  The Star Micronics, for
             example, would use Courier and the optional font.  The Panasonic
             would use Courier but ignore font 1.  Look in your printer manual
             under the command "Escape k" for the exact meaning for fonts 0
             and 1.  Just be aware that selection of one of the first two
             fonts in the list relate directly to your printer's built-in
             hardware fonts.

             4. Character Styles

             Epson LQ-compatible printers have the ability to print characters
             in one of four ornamental styles, i.e.

                a. Normal
                b. Outlined
                c. Shadowed
                d. Outlined with a shadow

             This feature provides special effects for the built-in printer
             hardware fonts.  PEDIGREE allows you to select which character
             ornament style you want to use, but the selection applies only to
             the first and second fonts, i.e., the printer hardware fonts.  If
             you use one of the custom fonts, this feature does nothing.

       V. GEDCOM DATA INPUT

          A. General

          I've come across quite a few bizarre "GEDCOM" files, and I haven't a
          clue what software could have made such messes.  PEDIGREE has a
          reasonable amount of "self protectiveness" built in to protect it
          from some of the more obtuse "GEDCOM" formats.  A word of caution
          ... make sure your GEDCOM input is in good shape.  A mangled GEDCOM
          file will surely bring PEDIGREE to it's bit-mapped knees.

          The GEDCOM Format supported by PEDIGREE is documented in "The GEDCOM
          Standard Release 4.0 August 1989" and "Personal Ancestral File,
          GEDCOM Specifications January 1990" prepared for the Family History
          Department (by the Projects and Planning Division) of the Church of
          Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.  I've seen documents that refer
          to "GEDCOM 2.0" or "GEDCOM 2.1".  As near as I can figure, those
          specs are the release version of "Personal Ancestral File" which is
          a genealogical database program developed by the LDS Church.  The
          GEDCOM specifications differ slightly between those two "standards"
          as is explained later in the section on Dates.


                                          17





          The GEDCOM specification employs many different keyword-specific
          data lines.  In GEDCOM terminology they're "tags".  The GEDCOM
          specification documents over 600 tags.  PEDIGREE uses only a small
          subset of them - 10 tags in all.  It won't bother PEDIGREE in the
          least if even the most arcane GEDCOM tag appears in the input file. 
          The first "field" in every GEDCOM record is a "level" number.  Level
          numbers define the hierarchy of the GEDCOM records.  Therefore, you
          cannot move GEDCOM records around in the file.  They must remain
          fixed in position relative to the records around them.

          The keywords that PEDIGREE uses are:

          INDI (Individual)
          NAME (Individual's name)
          SEX  (Male or Female)
          BIRT (date of birth)
          DEAT (date of death)
          FAMC (family number in which person is a child)
          FAMS (family number in which person is a spouse)
          FAM  (Family number identification)
          MARR (Marriage information)
          DATE (Various dates)

          Not all these keywords are required.  The INDI, NAME, FAM, FAMC and
          FAMS keywords are the bread-and-butter data that make pedigrees.

          Other than those tags, PEDIGREE expects the first record in the
          GEDCOM file to be a level 0 record with the keyword "HEAD".  It also
          anticipates a last record with a keyword of "TRLR" or "EOF".

          PEDIGREE "looks" at a GEDCOM file as a two part data stream
          consisting of "Individual" and "Family" data.  Every individual in
          the file has a GEDCOM number.  So does every family.  The number is
          assigned by the program that made the GEDCOM file, and it usually
          starts with 1.  That is, the first individual in the file will be
          GEDCOM #1, the 2nd GEDCOM #2 and so on.

          The same numbering applies to families in the GEDCOM file, i.e., the
          first family is GEDCOM #1, etc.  Individuals are "tied" to their
          offspring and ancestral families by having the numbers of those
          families included with the individual's data.  That's how I can
          collect all the persons for any given ancestral family.

          PEDIGREE does not require that the first individual be GEDCOM #1. 
          Nor does it require that the first family be GEDCOM #1.  In fact,
          PEDIGREE doesn't care a whit what the numbers of the individuals and
          families are - as long as they do have GEDCOM numbers, and the
          numbering is ascending and consistent.

          What does it all mean, Ken?  Well, you might decide to use your
          favorite text editor to edit out some of the folks in the file to
          make things more manageable.  That's OK.  You can edit the file any
          way you like.  But be warned!  Do not alter the GEDCOM formats or
          the GEDCOM numbers or the relative position of GEDCOM records. 


                                          18





          If you want to mercilessly block-delete groups of families, go right
          ahead.  Is that going to bother PEDIGREE?  Nope.  If, for example,
          PEDIGREE looks for the father of an individual by trying to locate
          that individual's family and it can't find the family with the
          correct number, it will let you know on it's on-screen pedigree
          chart display by showing "Not Available" where the name would
          normally appear.

          The GEDCOM standard provides for several character sets for data,
          i.e. 8 bit ANSEL, ASCII (USA version) and "other" character sets for
          future use.  ANSEL is the "American National Standard for Extended
          Latin Alphabet Code Character Set for Bibliographic Use", and it's
          the default character set of GEDCOM.  It is the only character set
          that will handle a wide variety of diacritics and special characters
          for Romanized languages.  ANSEL preserves the full integrity of
          original Roman-alphabetic languages, including diacritics and
          special characters.

          PEDIGREE employs the USA Character Set and The Epson Extended
          Graphics character table.  That includes many of the diacritical
          characters so you can use them freely within the ASCII data.  You
          do, however, have access, via a parameter, to any one of 13 built-in
          foreign language character sets if your GEDCOM employs those codes. 
          These character sets are built into the printer - not the PEDIGREE
          software.































                                          19






          Just to reinforce how the GEDCOM numbering scheme works, consider
          the following diagram.

          Individual #34:---> Ancestral Family #5
                                                
                                                
          
           
          Family #5:----> Father #23;  Mother #24
                                                
                                                
          FATHERĴ
                                                
          Individual #23:---> Ancestral Fam #8  
                              Father's family   
                                                
          MOTHER
           
          Individual #24:---> Ancestral Fam #12
                              Mother's family

          B. Names

          Names in GEDCOM can be very long.  They often include titles, middle
          names, personal names and so forth.  How names are processed by
          PEDIGREE when preparing charts and displays is described in the
          following section.

          PEDIGREE has room on the printed chart for 29 characters.  The
          display screen, however, has room for only 23 characters due to the
          amount of display space consumed by the GEDCOM number, birth and
          death dates, etc.  PEDIGREE always attempts to reduce a name to 29
          characters.  The display will show the first 23 characters of the
          name.  If the name exceeds 23 characters, the display will appear to
          be missing a few characters on the right of the name.  They're
          there, and they will be printed, but PEDIGREE can't display them. 

          PEDIGREE attempts to build a name in the format "LAST NAME, ALL
          FIRST NAMES".  If that wont fit within the space allocated to a
          chart box, PEDIGREE attempts to build a name in the form "LAST NAME,
          FIRST NAME MIDDLE NAME" by removing all but the first two "FIRST
          NAMES".  The "MIDDLE NAME" is assumed to be the second name in the
          series of given names.  If that wont fit, PEDIGREE tries "LAST NAME,
          FIRST NAME, MIDDLE NAME INIT".  If that wont fit, PEDIGREE removes
          the middle name initial to build the field "LAST NAME, FIRST NAME". 
          If that can't be contained within a chart box, PEDIGREE will resort
          to "LAST NAME, FIRST-NAME-INITIAL".  If that can't be contained (one
          heck of a last name!), PEDIGREE truncates the last name to fit.

          Throughout this name-building process, PEDIGREE retains 25
          characters of the first name field from the GEDCOM data.  PEDIGREE
          always attempts to keep full names before it resorts to initials. 
          It's possible albeit unlikely that the GEDCOM data contains a first
          name field longer than 25 characters, but PEDIGREE will accept only

                                          20





          the first 25.  If your GEDCOM data has such "first names" it may be
          due to your use of that field for other than first names.

          C.  Dates

          PEDIGREE has several routines designed to "clean up" GEDCOM data to
          make it as presentable as possible.  PEDIGREE removes all leading
          and trailing spaces and any consecutive spaces from every GEDCOM
          data element.  For example, if the GEDCOM date string " ABT   1654 
          " is input, PEDIGREE will reduce it to "ABT 1654".

          If PEDIGREE senses a date in the format YYYYMMDD, it will convert it
          to MMM DD YYYY.  For example, "18320423" will display and print as
          "Apr 23 1832".  The next sections explain specifics about date
          processing.

             1. GEDCOM 4.0 Dates

             The 4.0 GEDCOM standard distinguishes between regular and
             irregular dates.  Regular dates are defined to be bona fide dates
             from the conventional Gregorian calendar.  The following are
             correctly formatted regular dates:

             29 FEB 1960    10 JAN 1802    JUN 1714
             1932           7 DEC 1942

             Notice that a regular date may have a day and a month, but it
             will always have a year.  If a day and/or month are present, they
             are presented in the same order all the time, i.e. day followed
             by month followed by year.  The month is always the 3-character
             abbreviation for the name of the month.

             GEDCOM also permits the use of irregular dates which differ in
             form and/or content from the regular dates.  Examples of
             irregular dates are:

             MDCCCXV
             Abt. 1850
             5 June (year missing)
             7-12-84
             Before 3 Mar 1913

             PEDIGREE does not process irregular dates when calculating age at
             death or at any other time.  An irregular date will be display
             "as-is", but PEDIGREE will make no attempt to "clean up" or
             standardize irregular dates.

             2. PAF Dates

             Dates are either standard or "dual year".  In addition, an ABOUT,
             BEFORE or AFTER designation may be appended to a formatted date. 
             In some cases a special code word may be put into a date field in
             place of an actual date.  

             Standard dates are recorded as YYYYMMDD where YYYY is the year,

                                          21





             MM is the month and DD is the day of the month.  Years prior to
             1000 AD (A.C.E.) and days less than 10 must include a leading
             zero.  Dates prior to 0 AD cannot be recorded with this format. 
             If parts of the date are unknown, the unknown portions are
             indicated with zeroes.

             Examples of standard dates are:

             19830416       18450500 (day is unknown)
             17140000 (month and day are unknown)

             ABOUT, BEFORE and AFTER dates are indicated by appending an "A",
             "B" or "F" respectively.  E.G. 19380700A

             3. Date Processing

             For regular dates, PEDIGREE attempts to convert both GEDCOM 4.0
             and PAF forms of dates to an internal form.  PEDIGREE will remove
             extra spaces and otherwise "clean up" a date.  PEDIGREE needs a
             standard internal form in order to calculate the age at death if
             you elect that option.

             For the age-at-death option, valid dates must fall between
             1/1/1600 and 12/31/3999.  PEDIGREE's internal date calculations
             are done using a date form called "Julian".  The term "Julian
             date" means different things to different people.  Among
             astronomers and historians, it has a very precise and technical
             meaning.  At the present, PEDIGREE does not work with "true"
             Julian dates.  A much broader definition is used for internal
             calculation with PEDIGREE which infers that a Julian date is "a
             date stored as an integer value representing the serial number of
             days from 1/1/1600".

             The age at death is printed on the pedigree chart to the right of
             the birth/death dates between parenthesis, e.g. "(74)".

             As noted, a regular date may have only a year (or only a month
             and year).  If either the day of the month or the month are
             absent, PEDIGREE replaces them with "01" and "JAN" respectively. 
             This is done only for age-at-death calculations.  Therefore, a
             birth date of "1782" will be assumed to be "1 JAN 1782" for the
             purposes of calculating the age at death.  A date of "ROUGHLY
             1875" will be assumed to be "1 JAN 1875".

             PEDIGREE can process all PAF-type forms of standard dates except
             dual-year.  As per irregular dates in the GEDCOM 4.0 standard,
             PAF permits many forms of irregular dates none of which receive
             any special attention from PEDIGREE.

             4. Age Processing

             PEDIGREE calculates ages for several reasons.  Ages are the
             crucial component of a CVector.  Age of a person at death is
             calculated for display and printing.  Ages of parents are
             calculated for audit purposes.  In every instance the age can

                                          22





             range from 0 to 128 due to the way PEDIGREE does the calculation. 
             128 is the maximum age PEDIGREE can deal with under it's present
             architecture.

             Age calculations do not always require a complete month, day and
             year.  Read the references to "age at death", "CVectors", and
             "audits" for detailed information on how an age is calculated and
             used for each of those purposes.

             Ages in a CVector, for example, are always positive values
             although bad genealogical links could produce a negative result. 
             CVector audits on ages of ancestors are calculated to the nearest
             year.  Ages of parents at the time of birth of a child are
             calculated using only the YEAR parts of the two birth dates.  Age
             at death uses all the date information if it's available, but, if
             it's not, PEDIGREE uses whatever is available.

       VI. USING "PEDIGREE"

          A. Limitations

          The unregistered version of PEDIGREE is limited to 400 persons and
          100 families from your GEDCOM input.  If your GEDCOM input exceeds
          those limits, PEDIGREE will display an appropriate error message and
          keep going.  In other words, if you tell the unregistered version to
          read a GEDCOM file with 550 persons, PEDIGREE will accept the first
          400, display an error message that you've exceeded the limit, and
          then ignore all remaining persons in the input file.  But it keeps
          on chugging so you can use whatever was loaded.

          The registered version permits more than 10 times that number for
          families and persons, and, generally, is limited only by the amount
          of memory it can use.  That works out to roughly 5000 persons and
          1800 families within one GEDCOM file on a 640K computer with most of
          the memory available.

          B. Optimizing Speed

             1. Execution Speed

             You can improve PEDIGREE's execution time by allowing it to write
             it's work files to a fast device.  To do this, you create an
             environment variable named either TEMP or TMP whose value points
             to an area where PEDIGREE can write/read.  Creating an
             environment variable is usually done in your AUTOEXEC.BAT file,
             but you can also do it from the DOS command prompt.  You do it
             with the DOS command "SET" as follows:

                SET TEMP=K:

             That creates an environment variable (think of it as just a name)
             and assigns to it whatever comes after the "=".  In the above
             example, if PEDIGREE asks DOS "is there an environment variable
             named 'TEMP'?", DOS replies, "Yes, and it's value is 'K:'."  You
             can enter anything you like after the "=".  "K:" was just an

                                          23





             example and probably won't work on your system.  Whatever you put
             there, it must be a valid DOS path for your system.  

             There's nothing special about the name TEMP, but it's often used
             by software to designate temporary workspace.  If you expect to
             improve PEDIGREE's performance, PEDIGREE will ignore even your
             TEMP environment variable unless the area to which it "points"
             meets specific requirements.  Those requirements are:

                a. It must be an acceptable path name.  That is, it can be a
                   drive letter or a drive letter with a subdirectory
                   attached.
                b. It must NOT end with "\" unless it's only a drive letter.
                c. It must point to either a hard disk, a Bernoulli drive or a
                   Ramdisk.
                d. There must be at least 800 KB of space available on the
                   drive.

             If all of those conditions are met for either a TEMP or a TMP
             variable, PEDIGREE will use that place for work files.

             Why should you do this?  Ideally, you'll set TEMP or TMP to a
             Ramdisk.  A Ramdisk appears to PEDIGREE to be a disk drive, but
             it's actually main memory and, as such, a great deal faster than
             a mechanical disk drive.  And that's where the performance
             improvement is found.  Consult your DOS manual for how to create
             a Ramdisk.  If you can't find out, ask me.  Following are some
             examples of a SET command and an indication of their
             acceptability to PEDIGREE.

             SET TEMP=A:       Wrong - floppies are not allowed.
             SET TEMP=C:\WPR   OK assuming subdirectory WPR exists on drive C:
             SET TEMP=D:\      OK if D: is a valid drive
             SET TMP=D:\TEMP\  Wrong due to trailing back slash.
             SET WORK=C:       Wrong - PEDIGREE doesn't look for "WORK"

             PEDIGREE will first look for TEMP.  If TEMP is not available or
             fails the requirements test, PEDIGREE tries TMP.  If neither is
             available, PEDIGREE uses whatever disk drive\path in which it's
             installed.  If you already are using the name TEMP, but it is
             equated to anything other than what PEDIGREE expects, don't worry
             - PEDIGREE will ignore it.

             2. Printing Speed

             If you're going to let PEDIGREE create and print a chart, the
             fastest printing is done with Bidirectional printing and no
             Double Strike and no special fonts.  Even faster than that is one
             of the PREPRINT chart modes.  In PREPRINT, PEDIGREE avoids two
             time-consuming operations, i.e., constructing a graphic chart
             image, and sending it to the printer.  If you're dissatisfied
             with the speed of printing charts, consider making a "master"
             chart using PEDIGREE in the BLANK chart mode.  You can use pen
             and ink or felt-tip pen to mark the master chart by filling in
             and darkening any light areas or even by adding your own

                                          24





             graphics.  Then, use a copier machine to reproduce your master.

             A second suggestion is to use the PREPRINT mode as a "draft"
             printing just to see what data shows in the pedigree.  That's
             very fast.  Then, when you're satisfied that the pedigree
             contains the data you like, rerun PEDIGREE in a STANDARD mode to
             make the full chart.

          C. Starting The Program

          Assuming you installed PEDIGREE on your "C:" hard disk in the path
          "\PEDIGREE", PEDIGREE is started by doing the following:

             1. From the DOS prompt make the drive where you installed
                PEDIGREE the active drive.

             2. Next, make the subdirectory in which you installed PEDIGREE
                the active one by entering a "CHANGE DIRECTORY" command.

             3. Start PEDIGREE
             Here's an example of the DOS commands:

                C:
                CD \PEDIGREE
                PEDIGREE

          If you're using a menu system, you can create an entry in it to
          automatically run the PEDIGREE.BAT file.  Keep in mind PEDIGREE's
          need for, and use of, main memory especially for large GEDCOM file
          populations.  Some menu systems leave a small portion of themselves
          in main memory.  That memory reduces the amount of memory available
          to applications such as PEDIGREE.  If you're running PEDIGREE as a
          DOS application under Windows 3.x don't worry.  Windows, DESQview,
          et al, have their own memory managers.

          D. The First Execution

          You'll need a GEDCOM file.  Find one on your hard disk or on a
          floppy.  If you don't have one, use your genealogical database
          program to make one.  Write down it's complete disk\path\filename,
          and then start PEDIGREE.  The first screen you'll see is the
          "banner" screen which identifies PEDIGREE by name and version
          number.  After 5 seconds it goes away or you can hit <Space> or any
          other key to stop it.

          Next, PEDIGREE displays it's parameter selection screen.  For the
          first parameter, select "STANDARD4" by moving the highlight bar over
          it and pressing <Enter>.  The cursor automatically moves to the next
          field.  Press <F1> to get help.  PEDIGREE "explodes" a window with
          information about the Chart Border Styles.  Use <PgDn> and <PgUp> or
          the cursor control arrow keys to scroll through the help.  When
          you're finished, press <Esc>, and the help window is removed.  For
          the border, select anything other than "NONE", and for the box style
          select "PLBOTH".


                                          25





          The cursor is now in the GEDCOM file name field.  Enter the complete
          disk\path\filename of your GEDCOM file.  PEDIGREE automatically
          converts lower case to upper case so you don't need to use <CAPS
          LOCK> or <SHIFT>.  After you've entered the full path name, press
          the <Enter> key.  PEDIGREE will make sure that the file path is
          correct and that the file is indeed a GEDCOM.  Lastly, key in <Ctrl
          Enter> to accept all parameter screen data.  

          PEDIGREE will now use the border and box specifications you entered
          to construct the complete chart design.  As it does this, it
          displays progress bars.

          After constructing the graphic chart image, PEDIGREE proceeds to the
          loading of the GEDCOM data.  While reading your GEDCOM file,
          PEDIGREE displays counters for the number of families and persons it
          recognizes.  It also displays a running count of the number of total
          GEDCOM records.

          After loading, you'll see a window with a list of the names and
          dates accepted from the GEDCOM file.  This is the "Starting Person
          Selection" picklist.  Press <F1>.  PEDIGREE explodes another help
          window explaining what keys can be used for the Starting Person
          Selection screen.  After reading all the help text, the help window
          is removed.

          Press the <F6> key.  You'll see that the entire list has been
          rearranged from ascending GEDCOM number sequence to ascending name
          sequence.  Press <F5>, and the list is returned to GEDCOM number
          sequence.

          Use the up and down arrow keys and the <PgUp> and <PgDn> keys to
          scroll through the list.  When the highlight bar is over a person
          who has a father and mother number, press <Enter>.  By so doing,
          you've registered your selection for the starting person of a
          pedigree.  

          The pedigree of that person will be displayed.  Press <F1> again,
          and another help window pops up, this time with key explanations
          about the pedigree display.  Press <Esc> when you're ready to close
          the help window.  Use the <F> key (upper or lower case is OK) to
          scroll the PEDIGREE to the father, the <C> key to scroll back to his
          child and then the <M> key to scroll to the mother.  See how the
          entire pedigree changes?  If you attempt to scroll the pedigree to a
          person with no ancestors, PEDIGREE will "beep".  

          You now have a choice.  If you press "P" (print), PEDIGREE prints a
          4 generation chart in the design you chose using the starting person
          you selected.  If you press <F10>, PEDIGREE exits the on-screen
          pedigree and returns the display to the window with the list of
          names.  Let's do that.  But before you do, scroll the pedigree back
          to the father of the person you originally selected.  OK, now press
          <F10>.

          Notice that the highlight cursor bar is now resting on whatever
          person was selected as the central person of the pedigree when you

                                          26





          exited the pedigree display.  In this case, it's the father.  In
          other words, the picklist of persons and the scrolling pedigree can
          interact one with another.  

          Now press <Space>.  You'll see a check mark appear to the left of
          the person under the highlight cursor bar.  You've just "marked" a
          person.  Move the highlight cursor bar to another person and press
          <Space> again.  That person is also now "Marked".  Key in <Ctrl
          Enter>.  All the check marks disappear.  

          Move the highlight cursor bar to the beginning of the list by
          pressing <Home>.  Key in <Ctrl K><B>.  That marks the start of a
          block although you won't see anything yet.  Now move the highlight
          cursor bar down a few names and enter <Ctrl K><E>.  All of the names
          between the first name you marked and the last will be "checked",
          i.e. you marked a block of names.  The purpose of "marking" is to
          allow a column-style report to be printed with just those names you
          select.  You can try that later.  Enter <Ctrl Enter> to remove the
          check marks. 

          Key in the first letter of the last name of someone in the list
          south of the highlight bar.  PEDIGREE starts a search and, when it
          finds that person, stops with the highlight bar over that person. 
          Keying another key continues the search, but this time PEDIGREE
          examines the second letter in the last name.  So, you can move
          through a list of any size by using the cursor control keys or by
          searching.

          OK, return to the start of the list with <Home>.  Look down the
          right of the screen where the GEDCOM numbers of the Fathers and
          Mothers of persons are listed.  Find a person with a Father's GEDCOM
          number.  Using the highlight bar cursor control keys, move the
          highlight bar to that person, and press <Alt F>.  The display has
          now changed so that the highlight bar is on the Father.  So you can
          move around the list as easily as you can the pedigree.

          Press <Esc>, and PEDIGREE returns to the original parameter
          selection screen.  Press <Esc> again, and PEDIGREE execution ends.

          E. Choosing 4 or 5 Generation Charts

             1. Why Choose 4 Generation Charts?

             4 generation charts allow use of options not available with a 5
             generation chart.  First, a 4 generation chart can use the
             customized fonts feature.  The "Customized Fonts" feature is not
             available with the 5 generation chart other than for the
             "Prepared For:" data.  This is due mostly to the very tight
             printing requirements of a 5 generation chart.  A 5 generation
             chart uses pitch 15 Roman print characters.  That could be too
             small a print font to easily read.  If you need the larger
             lettering, select a 4 generation chart.  Also, 4 generation
             charts have larger boxes and bolder lines and, as such, may be
             easier to read.


                                          27





             To summarize, use 4 generation charts if:

                a. You don't have a 5th generation to print
                b. You don't want the recipient to see the 5th generation
                c. You want the larger type styles 
                d. You want to use a custom print font

             2. Why Choose 5 Generation Charts?

             Obviously, the 5 generation chart displays twice as many persons
             as the 4 generation chart.  There's room for 31 people on the 5
             generation chart versus 15 people on the 4 generation chart. 
             This feature will be sufficiently important for most people to
             opt for the 5 generation chart.

             As noted above, however, you give up the ability to control the
             size and style of print characters.  A 5 generation chart uses
             only the printer's built-in pitch 15 Roman characters.  You still
             have control over the capitalization of the lettering and the use
             of international fonts, however.

          F. Screen Displays

             1. Banner

             The first display you'll see is the PEDIGREE banner screen.  It
             identifies the program by name and version.  If you have the
             registered version, you'll see your name at the bottom of the
             screen.  If you have the unregistered version, you'll see
             "Unregistered Version."  The screen will display for 5 seconds. 
             You can end the display sooner by pressing any key.

             2. Parameters

             PEDIGREE displays a screen containing the parameter window with a
             two-part help window at screen bottom.  The help at the screen
             bottom is divided into two sections by a horizontal line.  The
             top section is used for error messages and prompts related to
             parameters which you enter.  The bottom section displays keyboard
             key meanings used within the parameter window.

             At any time while the parameter screen is displayed you can press
             the <F1> key for help.  If you do, PEDIGREE displays an
             "exploding" window with help on the field in which the cursor
             rests (context sensitive help).  Often the help text is longer
             than can be contained within the help window.  If so, PEDIGREE
             will display either or both of "Up" or "Down" to indicate there's
             more help in that direction.  Use the "Page" or arrow keys to
             scroll the help text.  Pressing <Esc> closes the help window.

             Moving amongst the fields is done with the <Tab> key to move
             forward or <Shift Tab> to move backwards.  As the cursor enters a
             field, the field name color intensifies from light gray to bright
             white.  This is visual confirmation of which field is the active
             field.  Using the <Enter> key registers your selection for a

                                          28





             particular field and moves the cursor to the next field.  Using
             <Enter> on the last field on the screen has that same effect,
             i.e. the cursor returns to the first field.  You must use <Ctrl
             Enter> when you've completed all the parameters.

             As you move through the fields you may find that PEDIGREE
             prohibits cursor movement into one or more fields.  Based on
             entries you make, PEDIGREE can determine some later fields should
             not be changed or have no meaning.  For example, if you select a
             PREPRINT chart type, PEDIGREE skips the cursor over the chart
             border and box fields.  For a PREPRINT chart PEDIGREE does not
             create the chart design.  If you elect a BLANK chart, PEDIGREE
             will allow changes to only the border and box parameters.  Most
             decisions to prevent/permit field changes are based on the chart
             type.

             PEDIGREE will save all your parameters in a disk file.  The name
             of the file is "PEDIGREE.PRM".  The file is not supplied with the
             distribution file, but PEDIGREE creates it during the first time
             it's run.  Those parameters are used as the defaults for the next
             execution.  When you execute PEDIGREE the next time, the
             parameters will be set to whatever they were during PEDIGREE's
             last execution.

             PEDIGREE uses context-sensitive help for the parameter data entry
             screen.  Pressing <F1> at any time will pop-up a window with help
             information for the field in which the cursor rests.  Press <Esc>
             to close the help window.

             If, while entering any parameter or when you <Ctrl Enter>,
             PEDIGREE dislikes your selections, it will object by beeping and
             displaying an appropriate error message.  PEDIGREE will not
             continue until it's satisfied with all parameters.

             Pressing <Esc> while the parameter entry screen is displayed will
             stop PEDIGREE, and the system will return to the DOS prompt.

             The parameter window has fields for the following parameters:

                a. Chart Type

                The choices are "STANDARD4", "BLANK4", "PREPRINT4",
                "STANDARD5", "BLANK5" and "PREPRINT5".  You scroll through the
                choices by using the "+", "-" or <Space> keys.  Obviously, the
                selections with "4" are 4 generation and those with 5 are 5
                generation.  "STANDARD" is the default mode of PEDIGREE.  In
                this mode PEDIGREE will print a pedigree chart using GEDCOM
                data which you select.  It will merge the pedigree's person
                data with the graphic chart image.  You also use STANDARD mode
                if you're using PEDIGREE as a GEDCOM viewer (printing is not
                mandatory).  

                "BLANK" means no GEDCOM input; just print a blank chart. 
                PEDIGREE will simply print whatever chart style you choose
                with no person data on the chart.

                                          29





                "PREPRINT" means that you're going to manually insert into the
                printer a preprinted chart design.  The Epson 850/950/1050
                printers (as well as most compatible) have a single sheet feed
                option.  In the PREPRINT mode PEDIGREE will send only the
                pedigree's person data and not the graphic chart image.  This
                option is useful for using charts which you've manually
                enhanced using a copier or pen-and-ink.  In the PREPRINT mode,
                PEDIGREE will provide appropriate paper-load messages and
                warnings.

                One caveat using the PREPRINT mode - the single sheet must be
                inserted into the printer's feed path precisely.  If you
                misalign the paper even slightly, PEDIGREE's resultant chart
                will not please you.  For this reason use PREPRINT with
                caution and only after you've experimented with it and your
                printer.

                When the cursor moves into this field, a picklist of choices
                is automatically displayed.  Move the highlight bar over your
                choice, and press <Enter> to register it.

                NOTE: If you select one of the PREPRINT chart types, PEDIGREE
                will automatically skip the cursor over the Chart Border Style
                and Chart Box Style fields.  Those two fields have no effect
                on PEDIGREE's processing if you're using a preprinted chart.

                b. Chart Border

                As noted, there are many chart styles available when printing
                a 4 generation chart.  This parameter provides selection of 1
                of 7 possible chart borders.  Scroll through the picklist of
                choices using the arrow keys.  Use the single page
                illustration of PEDIGREE's borders and box to help you select
                which border you like.

                "-NONE-" cause PEDIGREE to print a chart with no border around
                the perimeter of the page.

                When the cursor moves into this field, a picklist of choices
                is automatically displayed.  Move the highlight bar over your
                choice, and press <Enter> to register it.

                NOTE: If you selected one of the PREPRINT types, PEDIGREE will
                automatically skip the cursor over this field.  This parameter
                has no effect on PEDIGREE's processing if you're using a
                preprinted chart.

                c. Chart Box

                PEDIGREE allows you to select from a list of 5 box styles. 
                Basically, you choose between plain boxes and plaque style
                boxes, and you can select whether or not shadowing is used. 
                Use the examples on the single page illustration you printed
                earlier to help you select which box style you like.


                                          30





                When the cursor moves into this field, a picklist of choices
                is automatically displayed.  Move the highlight bar over your
                choice, and press <Enter> to register it.

                NOTE: If you selected one of the PREPRINT chart types,
                PEDIGREE will automatically skip the cursor over this field. 
                This parameter has no effect on PEDIGREE's processing if
                you're using a preprinted chart.

                d. Title?

                This parameter is the control over whether or not you want the
                stylized title "PEDIGREE" printed on the chart.  On most
                charts the word "PEDIGREE" is printed in the center of the top
                border.  The font used for printing the title varies from
                border to border.  The sample printout shows the varietes of
                fonts used for the chart title.

                This is a "Yes/No" field in which you enter the single
                character "Y" or "N".  If you enter "N", PEDIGREE suppresses
                the title and prints an unbroken top border.  If you enter "Y"
                (the default), PEDIGREE will print the stylized title
                "PEDIGREE" on the chart.

                This parameter is effective only if you select some style of
                border for the chart, i.e., if you select NO border ("-NONE-
                "), PEDIGREE ignores this parameter.

                e. GEDCOM File

                Type in the full drive\path\filename of the GEDCOM file.  If
                you've selected the chart print mode "BLANK", leave this field
                empty.  PEDIGREE forces all characters in the GEDCOM file name
                to upper case.

                If you've already run PEDIGREE at least once, PEDIGREE
                displays the file path you previously entered.  The field
                contents can be overwritten or edited.  If you enter any ASCII
                character in position 1, PEDIGREE assumes you're replacing the
                entire path and it will automatically erase the field contents
                to accept the new path name value.

                If you've selected a Chart Mode other than BLANK, this field
                is required.  If you've selected a BLANK Chart Mode, this
                field must be left empty.

                f. Prepared For:

                You can enter anything you like.  Whatever you enter here will
                be printed on the pedigree chart alongside the words "Prepared
                For:".  You can create charts for relatives and enter the name
                of the relative in this field.  PEDIGREE automatically
                capitalizes the first letter of each word.  If you type in
                "ken murphy", PEDIGREE changes it to "Ken Murphy".


                                          31





                If you must have a lower case letter starting a word as in the
                second word of "Grandmom and Grandpop", type in "Grandmomand
                Grandpop".  Next, use the cursor arrow key to move the cursor
                back under the "a".  Then, press the <Space> bar to insert a
                space in front of the "and".  PEDIGREE will leave the "a" in
                lower case.

                The name (or whatever you entered) will be printed using
                whatever font or international character set you've selected. 
                If you've run PEDIGREE at least once before, it displays the
                previous value of any personalized name you entered.  You can
                accept or edit this value.  If you type in any ASCII character
                in position 1 of the field, PEDIGREE assumes you're replacing
                the entire field contents, and it will automatically erase the
                old field contents.

                g. Display Mode

                VGA display adapters can display 50 lines of text on one
                screen.  EGA display adapters can display up to 43 lines of
                text.  CGA color display adapters are limited to 25 lines of
                text.

                PEDIGREE permits selecting the number of display lines
                irregardless of your display adapter type.  I.e., if you have
                a VGA display, you can run PEDIGREE in the 25-line display
                mode, the 43-line display mode or the 50-line display mode.

                This setting effects only the Starting Person selection
                screen.  Displaying 50 lines at one time on a VGA means that
                the Starting Person selection window can show you many more
                persons at one time than on a 25-line display.  But (and it's
                a big "but"), the 50 line display can be harder to read
                because all the text is smaller.

                With this parameter you can pick the display size you prefer. 
                You cannot, of course, select 43 or 50 line display for a CGA
                monitor nor can you select a 50 line display for an EGA
                monitor.

                The parameter accepts one of the values CGA, EGA or VGA.  To
                change the value use the <Space> bar.  Register your selection
                with the <Enter> key.

                h. Double Strike?

                The Double Strike option gives you control over one of two
                aspects of printing which effects both print quality and print
                speed.  Double Strike controls whether or not PEDIGREE uses
                emphasized printing.

                Emphasized printing is a technique which prints the same data
                twice to emphasize (or make bold) the printing.  The second
                pass at printing is done with the paper moved vertically
                1/180th of an inch.  Emphasized printing, although taking

                                          32





                twice as long as non-emphasized printing, can produce a
                substantial improvement in the appearance of a chart.  This is
                especially true if your ribbon is not in the best shape or if
                your printer is showing signs of age in head positioning.

                Emphasized printing will affect all printing both graphics and
                text.  Emphasized printing is a useful option if you intend to
                make a "boilerplate" prototype chart to be reproduced on a
                copier.

                Double Strike printing is enabled by typing a "Y" in this
                parameter.  The default is "N".

                i. Unidirectional?

                Unidirectional printing improves the printer's ability to
                position the print head.  Unidirectional printing always
                starts the print head from the left edge of the paper. 
                Bidirectional printing prints both left-to-right and right-to-
                left.  Bidirectional printing is faster than unidirectional
                printing because the printer does not need to return the print
                head to the left.  Unidirectional printing, on the other hand,
                can produce a higher quality appearing output since the print
                head positioning is more precise.

                Unidirectional printing is enabled by typing a "Y" in this
                parameter.  The default is bidirectional printing.

                Selection of either Emphasized or Unidirectional printing
                should be made based on the condition of your printer ribbon,
                the general condition of your printer, and your need for
                highest quality output.  You should experiment with your
                printer to determine which quality mode produces the output
                that pleases you.  

                If bidirectional printing produces a good looking chart, use
                it.  It will certainly be faster than unidirectional printing. 
                The same is true for emphasized printing, i.e. if you're
                satisfied with non-emphasized chart printing, there's no point
                to wasting the extra time for an emphasized chart.  In any
                case, you have complete control of the quality vs. speed
                tradeoff.

                j. Print Age At Death?

                This "yes/no" option accepts the single character "Y" or "N". 
                "Yes" will enable PEDIGREE's calculation of the age at death
                of each person.  That age will be displayed on the Starting
                Person Selection screen along with birth/death dates.  It will
                also be printed on the pedigree chart.  

                A prerequisite to the ability to calculate the age-at-death in
                years is both a birth date and a death date in regular form as
                described earlier.  Any deviation from a regular date in
                either birth or death will result in no age-at-death display.

                                          33






                Note: PEDIGREE will always calculate (if possible) the age at
                death and display it on the Starting Person Selection screen. 
                This option is used only to control whether or not it's
                printed on the pedigree chart.

                k. Print Marriage Date?

                This option is another "yes/no" field which will accept the
                single character "Y" or "N".  "YES" will enable the printing
                of the year of marriage of parents of each sibling on the
                chart.  The marriage year of parents is printed immediately to
                the right of the appropriate sibling's box.  It takes the form
                "M: yyyy" where "yyyy" is the four digit year.

                l. Printer Font

                When you move the cursor into this field, another picklist
                window opens with the names of all printer fonts available. 
                Highlight the font you want by moving the cursor bar with the
                up and down arrow < > and < > keys.  Register your selection
                by pressing <Enter>.  To use no special fonts, select the
                first entry "PRINTER1". "PRINTER1" is the default printer
                hardware font.  In this mode PEDIGREE will use the letter
                quality Roman typeface at pitch 12.

                Both the first and second fonts in the list are hardware
                fonts.  Even though their names are "PRINTER1" and "PRINTER2",
                your particular printer may use other typefaces as it's
                internal hardware fonts.  Read the section on Epson
                Compatibility for more information.  It's important to note
                that those first two selections are HARDWARE fonts and all the
                other are CUSTOM fonts.

                   Custom Fonts are:

                      BOLDTYPE    EMERALD
                      CROWN       ROMAN
                      GOTHIC      OPAL
                      PEARL       FRANKFUR
                      RUBY        SAPPHIRE

                The names of these fonts are probably meaningless to you.  Use
                the test program supplied with PEDIGREE to print them.  That's
                the surest way to see how they'll look on your printer.

                Note: Use of an international character set and a special font
                is mutually exclusive.  If you select a special font (your
                selection is not "ROMAN" or "SANSERIF", you can not use a
                built-in international character set.  Also, you can not use
                one of the alternate fonts if you're printing a 5 generation
                pedigree chart.  The alternate fonts are all "pitch 12" size
                fonts, and they won't fit onto the 5 generation chart. 
                PEDIGREE will allow you to select a font for a 5 generation
                chart, but it will use it only for the "Prepared For:" data.

                                          34





                Special fonts are not merely "icing on the cake".  They're an
                integral part of producing a pleasing pedigree chart.  I, for
                example, almost always use the PEARL font for my charts
                because I find it prints bolder on my Epson, and it's more
                attractive than the rather plain Roman font.  I think you'll
                find among the custom fonts one that pleases you more for
                pedigree chart printing than the default Roman font.

                m. Printer Character Set:

                The Epson LQ 850/950/1050 printers have built-in international
                alphabet capabilities.  There are 14 built-in sets of special
                characters used in various alphabets.  These special character
                sets control the symbols used to print 12 ASCII codes.  Those
                codes (in hexadecimal) are: 23, 24, 40, 5B, 5C, 5D, 5E, 60,
                7B, 7C, 7D and 7E.

                PEDIGREE allows selection of 13 of the printer's built-in
                sets.  The possible values for this parameter are: USA,
                FRANCE, GERMANY, ENGLAND, DENMARK1, DENMARK2, SWEDEN, ITALY,
                SPAIN1, SPAIN2, JAPAN, NORWAY and LATINO.

                When the cursor moves into the "Character Set" field, a
                picklist of the character set names opens.  Use the arrow keys
                to move the highlight bar to the character set you want, and
                press <Enter> to register your choice.  "USA" is the first in
                the list, and it's the default.

                Note: Use of a character set and a special font is mutually
                exclusive.  If you select a special font (your selection is
                other than "-NONE-") you can not use a built-in Character Set. 
                To use one of the 13 built-in character sets, select font
                "-NONE-".

                See the section "Epson Character Sets" for a detailed
                explanation of the 13 character sets.  Be aware that these
                character sets are built into the printer and not into the
                PEDIGREE software.  PEDIGREE merely provides a way to activate
                one of the set.  If you're using a non-Epson printer, your
                printer may not have these character sets.  Consult your
                printer manual if you intend to use this feature.

                Use of an alternate character set applies to both the
                "standard" report made from the Starting Person picklist and
                to the pedigree chart.

                n. Character Style

                The printer is capable of some special effects for the
                characters in it's built-in fonts.  Although the usefulness of
                these ornamental characters is questionable for pedigree
                charts, you have access to them through this parameter.

                There are four choices of ornamentation, and they apply ONLY
                to the PRINTER1 and PRINTER2 fonts.  They are:

                                          35





                   (1)   NORMAL - Print all characters with no special
                         effects.  This is the default.
                   (2)   OUTLINED - Print characters in whitespace with an
                         outline.
                   (3)   SHADOW - Print characters with a slight shadow at the
                         bottom.
                   (4)   BOTH - Print characters with both an outline and a
                         shadow.

                The TSTFONTS procedure that tests your printer for
                compatibility exercises all four of these options using the
                PRINTER1 font.  Refer to that for illustration of how these
                special effects look.  The ornamentation applys to both the
                4 generation and 5 generation charts.

                o. Force Upper Case Printing?

                This field accepts only "Y" or "N".  "Y" means to force all
                names and dates displayed or printed into upper case.  "N"
                means leave them as input in the GEDCOM data.  The default is
                "N".

                p. Enable Audits?

                This "yes/no" field gives you control over whether or not you
                want PEDIGREE to any audits to the GEDCOM data.  If you enable
                audits, PEDIGREE will check the data of every parent for
                reasonableness.  With audits enabled,  it also constructs a
                CVector.  Enable the test by entering a "Y" causes PEDIGREE to
                display a second screen showing all the current age limit
                defaults for CVectors, and it allows you to change them.  See
                the following section for details on this screen.  The Audit
                Specification screen is displayed at the time you tell
                PEDIGREE you're finished with the Parameter screen, i.e. <Ctrl
                Enter>.  

                This field can also enable audit tests for the sex of parents. 
                If audits are enabled, PEDIGREE will check that all fathers
                are marked as males and all mother are marked as females. 
                PEDIGREE will also check that a parent did not die too soon
                before the birth of a child for that person to be the "real"
                parent.

                The default for audits is always "N".  Disabling audits can
                improve the execution speed of PEDIGREE on slower machines. 
                And there's no point in wasting the time to perform audits if
                you don't need them.

             3. Audit Specifications

             PEDIGREE has limited ability to audit your GEDCOM data for
             correct links between persons.  Since PEDIGREE constructs
             CVectors for one of it's Starting Person Selection picklist
             sorts, it can apply minimum and maximum age tests to both parents
             and both sets of grandparents.  The default for the age audits is

                                          36





             "disabled".  You have the ability to enable age audits
             individually for either the female ancestors or the male
             ancestors or both.  The data entry screen "Audit Specifications"
             is where you specify your own minimum and maximum age limits
             over-riding PEDIGREE's defaults, and it's where you enable or
             disable the tests.

             Here are the specific age boundaries you can specify:

                a. Minimum age a male can be a Father        10
                b. Minimum age a female can be a Mother      10
                c. Minimum age a male can be a GrandFather   20
                d. Minimum age a female can be a GrandMother 20
                e. Maximum age a male can be a Father        80
                f. Maximum age a female can be a Mother      60
                g. Maximum age a male can be a GrandFather   120
                h. Maximum age a female can be a GrandMother 110

             The numbers are the defaults PEDIGREE applies if you enable the
             age tests and don't provide your own values.  PEDIGREE displays
             on the "Audit Specification" screen each age boundary.  You can
             overtype any or all.  Like all other PEDIGREE parameters, age
             audit values are saved and restored during subsequent executions
             of the program.

             The two fields at the bottom of the screen are:

                a. Enable Male Audits?
                b. Enable Female Audits?

             Both of these fields are simple "yes/no" fields.  Simply enter a
             "Y" to enable the appropriate age limit test or "N" to disable
             it.

             As in the first data entry screen, context-sensitive help is
             always available with <F1>.  If you enable either or both of the
             age audits, PEDIGREE will automatically compare those ages
             whenever you request a CVector sort from the Starting Person
             Selection picklist.  If, at that time, PEDIGREE detects an age
             out of bounds, it will automatically "mark" that person so you
             can examine it.  Automatically marking the person also can lead
             to request a printed register report which will contain just the
             marked persons with the age errors.  See the sections on the
             Starting Person Selection screen and CVectors.

             4. Chart Construction

             If you've elected any option which requires the printing of one
             of PEDIGREE's custom charts, it will display a screen showing the
             progress of creating that chart design.  Any border design or box
             style which you selected will be decompressed (the files are
             compacted to conserve disk space) and combined to make the final
             printer chart design.  Depending on the chart styles selected,
             you may not see this screen.  PEDIGREE only displays the screen
             when it must dynamically construct a pedigree chart layout.

                                          37





             If PEDIGREE determines the chart design you've requested is the
             same as the previous, and that design still exists on the disk
             from a previous construction, PEDIGREE won't bother to
             reconstruct it to save time.  In that case you won't see the
             Chart Construction display.  Whenever PEDIGREE starts or when it
             terminates, all temporary files are deleted including the result
             of constructing your specific chart design.

             5. GEDCOM File Loading

             After the chart construction screen, PEDIGREE displays a screen
             with "rolling" counters of GEDCOM records, persons, unique
             surnames and families as it processes the file.  This screen will
             only be displayed if you've selected "STANDARD" chart mode.  The
             counters will give you an exact measure of what's in your GEDCOM
             file insofar as number of persons, surnames and families. 
             PEDIGREE also displays the full path/filename.  If you're
             printing a blank chart then this screen is skipped.

             Also, if PEDIGREE determines the GEDCOM file you're using is the
             same as the previous execution, PEDIGREE won't bother to
             reprocess the data thus saving the time.  In that case you won't
             see the GEDCOM File Loading display.  Whenever PEDIGREE starts,
             or when it terminates, all temporary files are deleted including
             the result of processing your GEDCOM file.  As long as PEDIGREE
             is active, it will check whether or not you've simply changed
             processing parameters or whether you've changed the GEDCOM file
             name.  If you terminate PEDIGREE and then restart it, the results
             of GEDCOM processing will have been lost, and PEDIGREE will
             repeat the processing even though you're using the same GEDCOM
             file as before. 

             6. Starting Person Selection

             The "Starting Person" as used for the purpose of this program is
             that person that "starts" the pedigree, i.e., the central person
             from whom ancestors are determined.  On the pedigree display
             you'll see the starting person at the left in the center of the
             screen.  

             The Starting Person Selection list is also used to select those
             persons you want printed on a standard listing report.  The
             picklist is "multiple-choice" allowing you to "mark" one or more
             persons in the list for printing.  Under some circumstances
             described later, PEDIGREE will automatically "mark" selected
             entries in the picklist.  You can move around the list navigating
             much the same as you would with any genealogical database.  You
             can, with a single keystroke, move immediately to the Father,
             Mother or Spouse of an person if that data is available.

             See the section "Key Commands Summary" for a complete list of
             keystrokes to manage the Starting Persons Selection list.

                a. The Display


                                          38





                PEDIGREE automatically determines the type of color monitor
                you have and adjusts the limits of the "Starting Person
                Selection" picklist accordingly.  If you have a lowly CGA,
                you'll get a standard 25 line display.  EGA users will have a
                43 line picklist and VGA users will have a 50 line picklist. 
                The higher level monitors allow me to display more names at
                one time making it easier to move up and down a large list of
                names.  The Starting Person Selection list uses the parameter
                selection for display type to determine how many persons can
                be displayed.

                Within the on-screen "Starting Person Selection" window one
                line is displayed for every person in the GEDCOM file.  This
                display is a typical "picklist".  Use the cursor keys to move
                the highlight bar up and down to select the starting person
                for the pedigree.

                Along the right edge of the Starting Person Selection window
                is a scroll bar.  Scroll bars are usually intended for use
                with a mouse, but PEDIGREE is rodent-free.  I use the scroll
                bar and it's slider to indicate the current relative position
                of the cursor highlight bar within the entire list of persons. 
                The slider moves up and down the scroll bar as you move
                through the list, i.e., if the slider is in the center of the
                scroll bar, the highlight cursor bar is sitting on a person
                (excuse the expression) somewhere near the middle of the file.

                At the bottom of the screen is a small window.  The window has
                help info on the meanings of the keystrokes within this
                screen.  Immediately above the small help window, the surname
                and it's Soundex code is displayed for whatever person is
                highlighted in the picklist.

                There are 6 items of data shown for every person.

                   (1)  The GEDCOM NUMBER of the person.
                   (2)  The NAME of the person (Last, First).
                   (3)  The BIRTH/DEATH dates.
                   (4)  The age at death (if good birth/death dates)
                   (5)  The GEDCOM NUMBER of the Father.
                   (6)  The GEDCOM NUMBER of the Mother.

                If there is no data in any one of the 5 fields, then that data
                wasn't present in the GEDCOM input or PEDIGREE rejected it. 
                For example, there might not be a Father/Mother number.  It
                would be pointless to attempt a pedigree on that person.

                If audits are enabled, PEDIGREE checks the sex of the father
                and mother of every person.  If the father is not explicitly
                designated as a "male" in the GEDCOM data, the father's GEDCOM
                number is displayed in RED so you can spot it.  The same is
                true of the mother's data for an person.  This means any
                parent whose SEX has been omitted will have their GEDCOM
                number highlighted in RED.  Thus, the test is for both
                incorrect sex specifications as well as missing ones.  If

                                          39





                audits are disabled, no tests on the sex of parents is made.

                If audits are enabled, PEDIGREE also calculates the difference
                between the death year of a parent and the birth year of the
                child.  PEDIGREE flags in RED the GEDCOM number of any parent
                who died 1 year or more before the child's birth.  This test
                helps spot links to parents who died too soon to be the "real"
                parent.  If PEDIGREE highlights a parental GEDCOM number
                because this test failed, you should check the parent's death
                date and child's birth dates closely.

                NOTE: If you're running PEDIGREE on a monochrome monitor,
                errors are indicated by high intensity white GEDCOM numbers
                rather than red.

                PEDIGREE also displays the Soundex code for the surname of
                whichever person is highlighted by the cursor bar.  The
                Soundex code is displayed in immediately below the picklist
                window.

                If you've sorted the picklist by CVector, item (3) will be
                replaced by the value of the CVector.  See the section below
                explaining the use of CVectors.  The seven subfields of the
                CVector are separated one from another by a forward slash,
                e.g. "/".  Left-to-right the subfields are:

                      (a)   Year the person was born
                      (b)   Age of the Father at (a)
                      (c)   Age of the Mother at (a)
                      (d)   Age of the Paternal Grandfather at (a)
                      (e)   Age of the Paternal Grandmother at (a)
                      (f)   Age of the Maternal Grandfather at (a)
                      (g)   Age of the Maternal Grandmother at (a)

                If you print a register report with <Alt L> when the CVectors
                are displayed, they'll print (and can be read) exactly as
                detailed above.  Every CVector has seven values.  As explained
                later in the section on CVectors, the ages expressed in the
                CVector are always absolute values.  There are never negative
                ages even though bad genealogical data could produce them.

                NOTE: PEDIGREE can display only 23 characters for the person's
                name.  The pedigree chart, however, will print up to 29
                characters within a box.  If the name of the person is longer
                than 23 characters, PEDIGREE truncates it to fit within the 23
                character screen display field.  In that case you might see a
                person's middle name missing a few characters on the right. 
                Rest assured that PEDIGREE will print the entire name.  See
                the section on PEDIGREE's name processing for more
                information.

                b. Moving Around the List

                The up and down arrow < > and < > keys move the highlight bar
                through the list of persons in the appropriate directions. 

                                          40





                <Home> moves to the top of the list of persons.  <End> moves
                to the last person in the list.  <PgUp> moves one screen-full
                up and <PgDn> moves one screen-full down in the list of
                persons.

                Move the highlight bar with the cursor keys until you've
                highlighted the person you want as the pedigree's starting
                person.  To display the pedigree of that person on-screen,
                press <Enter>.  Or, if you want to exit the Starting Person
                Selection screen without displaying the pedigree, press <Esc>. 
                You'd use <Esc> if you're using PEDIGREE as a "GEDCOM file
                viewer".  Pressing <Esc> will return you to the Parameter
                screen to allow you to change parameters for another run.

                As noted before, PEDIGREE always displays an age at death even
                if you've elected to not print the age.  PEDIGREE, in this one
                instance, makes an attempt to use an irregular date.  As long
                as PEDIGREE has a valid year as the last data item in a birth
                and death date, it probably will be able to calculate an age. 
                For example,

                   "1873-ROUGHLY 1886" produces the age 13
                   "ROUGHLY 1872-ABOUT 1909" produces the age 36

                This attempt at calculation of an age at death also applies to
                the printed pedigree chart.  If you don't want these
                approximations on the chart, don't select the option to print
                ages.

                c. Navigating With Family Links

                You can "navigate" the Starting Person Selection list as
                easily as you do the pedigree with a single keystroke. 
                Pressing <Alt F> moves the cursor bar to the FATHER of the
                person, <Alt M> moves the cursor bar to the MOTHER, <Alt C>
                moves the cursor bar back to the child, and <Alt S> moves the
                cursor bar to the SPOUSE.  

                In order for PEDIGREE to automatically move to a parent or
                spouse, there must be an appropriate GEDCOM number for that
                person.  If you press <Alt F> with the cursor bar over a
                person that has no GEDCOM number for a Father, PEDIGREE will
                not alter the position of the cursor.  The picklist displays
                both Father and Mother GEDCOM numbers so there's no mistaking
                whether or not they're present in the data.  

                The picklist does not, however, display the GEDCOM number of a
                spouse since there could be several.  You'll have to use <Alt
                S> to make the attempt to move to the spouse if that interests
                you.  If there isn't one, PEDIGREE won't move the cursor bar. 
                Since there may be many, PEDIGREE will stop with the highlight
                cursor bar on the first spouse it locates.

                Using <Alt C> to move back to a child presumes you've used
                either <Alt F> or <Alt M> to move the cursor bar tracking the

                                          41





                genealogy back the ancestor tree.  <Alt C> gives you the
                ability to return the cursor bar back to a preceding child
                from which you had originally moved using the navigational
                commands.  PEDIGREE will not arbitrarily find some child of a
                Father/Mother pairing and move to that person.  Moving back to
                a child works exactly like it does with the on-screen
                pedigree.

                Remember, to use this automatic family tracking feature you
                must press the <Alt> key and hold it down before pressing
                either <F>, <M>, <C> or <S>.  This is the only way that
                PEDIGREE can distinguish between a name search using, for
                example, <F> as a surname's first letter and an automatic
                reposition to the Father.

                d. Name Searching

                PEDIGREE will search for a specific surname within the
                Starting Person Selection window.  To locate a specific
                person, type in up to 15 characters of the last name while the
                Starting Person Selection window is displayed.  Whenever you
                press a keyboard key that is not one of PEDIGREE's picklist
                commands, PEDIGREE begins searching forward from the current
                cursor position looking for a surname match.  If a match
                occurs, PEDIGREE places the highlight cursor over the matching
                picklist entry.  If you then press another non-command key,
                PEDIGREE appends the new keystoke character to the previous
                and continues the search.  The search mode terminates if you
                press a picklist command key or if the search fails.

                For example, if you press the "M" key, PEDIGREE will move
                forward in the list stopping at the first person whose last
                name begins with "M".  If there aren't any, PEDIGREE doesn't
                move the highlight bar.  Press the "U" key next and PEDIGREE
                moves forward to the first name beginning with "MU".  Press
                the up arrow key and PEDIGREE terminates the search mode.  If
                you then enter another non-command character, a new search
                begins.  As long as PEDIGREE is able to match your input to a
                name, it will continue to search forward.  The first character
                that causes PEDIGREE's name search to fail will reset it's
                internal memory of what you were typing.

                Whenever PEDIGREE is in the search mode, it displays the
                surname search string in the lower left corner of the Starting
                Person Selection window.  The surname search characters will
                over-write the left corner of the picklist window's border,
                but the border will be restored when the search mode is
                terminated.  Thus, you can determine if PEDIGREE is or isn't
                in search mode, and, if it is, what surname string it's
                seeking.

                For example, try searching for the name "SZABO".  Let's assume
                you have someone in the file whose last name begins with "S". 
                As soon as you press the "S" key, PEDIGREE displays "S" in the
                lower left corner of the picklist window and moves forward

                                          42





                stopping with the highlight bar on that person.  Let's also
                assume there aren't any "SZABO"s in the file.  When you press
                the second letter of the surname "Z", PEDIGREE display's "SZ"
                in the lower left corner and looks for a surname beginning
                with "SZ".  The search fails; PEDIGREE clears the display of
                the "SZ" by restoring the window border, and it doesn't move
                the highlight bar.  Pressing the "A" key would start a new
                search causing PEDIGREE to position the highlight bar over the
                first person whose last name begins with "A".  

                NOTE:  I suggest that you type your surname search characters
                slowly one at a time watching for the result of each character
                search before typing the next.

                e. Sorting The List

                When the list of persons is first displayed, it is presented
                in the natural order of the GEDCOM data file, i.e., in
                ascending GEDCOM number sequence.  It's probable that not all
                persons with a common surname are together in the file nor do
                they need to be to generate a pedigree chart.  However, with
                common surnames displayed together, the list may be easier to
                understand especially if you have many hundreds of persons in
                it.  Additionally, if you want to print a standard column-type
                report and no a pedigree chart, sorting the list first is
                almost essential to avoid having to browse through it to
                locate everyone with a particular last name.

                To help you review the list and understand it's contents,
                PEDIGREE provides five different sorts so that you can
                rearrange the list.  These sorts are activated by pressing a
                function key while the Starting Person Selection picklist is
                displayed.  After the list has been rearranged, all functions,
                such as name search, are available.  The function keys and
                their effect is:

                   <F5>  Sort the list into ascending GEDCOM number sequence. 
                         As I noted, this is the natural order of the file. 
                         You can use this sort to put the list back into it's
                         original sequence after you've changed it with one of
                         the other sorts.

                   <F6>  Sort the list into ascending NAME sequence.  The list
                         will be rearranged so that the sequence is low-to-
                         high alphabetically based on the person's last name
                         and first name.  Middle names or initials are not
                         considered.

                   <F7>  Sort the list into descending NAME sequence.  This is
                         the opposite of the <F6> sort.  With an <F7> sort,
                         the list is rearranged so that persons with the
                         alphabetically highest last and first names will be
                         first in the list.

                   <F8>  Sort the list into ascending sequence based on the

                                          43





                         Father's GEDCOM number.  This sort has the effect of
                         collecting together all siblings of the same father.

                   <F9>  Sort the list into ascending sequence base on the
                         CVector.  The CVector is a data key used to locate
                         persons with common ancestors or persons born at the
                         same time.  Twins, for example, will have identical
                         CVectors since they're born at the same time from the
                         same lineage parents and grandparents.  See the
                         following sections explaining the use of CVectors.

                Although children often have a parent different from another
                sibling in the family, I did not provide a sort based on the
                Mother's GEDCOM number.  The sort based on the Father's GEDCOM
                number, along with the ability to track to the Father, Mother
                and Spouse seemed adequate to manage and understanding the
                list.  If anyone feels that a Mother's GEDCOM number sort is
                useful, I can easily add it.

                As noted above, the usefulness of sorting the list cannot be
                underemphasized.  Here's just a few useful ideas for using the
                sorts:

                     Locate persons who have NO surname.  They'll sort to the
                      end of the list.

                     Locate any persons whose name might be slightly
                      misspelled.

                   .  Audit the data for all persons with the same surname for
                      completeness of information.  Is there a missing GEDCOM
                      link for one of the family members?

                     Collect together all siblings of the same Father (and,
                      generally, of the same Mother).  Is there a sibling of
                      whom I was unaware or attached to the wrong Father?

                     Locate duplicate persons or twins.

                     Locate incorrect links through age audits

                If you sort the list by CVector and if you've enabled one or
                both of the age audits, PEDIGREE will automatically "mark" any
                person in the list whose ancestor's fail an age test.  You can
                then visually spot and examine those "errors" with the
                CVector.  Or you can simply request a register report with
                <Alt L>, and PEDIGREE will print a report only with those
                persons marked, i.e., anyone whose ancestor(s) failed an age
                audit.

                f. Printing The List

                Rather than printing a pedigree chart, PEDIGREE will print a
                register report that resembles the starting person selection
                picklist.  You can "mark" any/all persons to be printed with a

                                          44





                few keystrokes.

                Use <Space> to toggle the mark.  To mark one person for
                printing, place the highlight cursor over that person and
                press the <Space> bar.  You'll see a check mark appear at the
                left of the line for that person.  Pressing the <Space> bar a
                second time removes the mark.

                You can mark an entire block of persons in the following
                manner: place the highlight cursor on the first person in the
                block and press the keys <Ctrl K> and <B>.  That means, hold
                down the <CTRL> key and then press <K>.  Let up the <Ctrl> key
                and press <B> (for BEGIN BLOCK).  Now move the highlight
                cursor to the last person in the block and enter the key
                sequence <Ctrl K><K> to mark the end of the block.  You'll see
                check marks appear to the left of every person in the block.

                You can remove all marks by pressing <Ctrl Enter> or <Ctrl
                K><H>.  If you press <Ctrl Enter> with no persons marked,
                PEDIGREE will mark them ALL.  <Ctrl Enter> is a toggle whose
                effect depends on whether or not any person is already marked. 
                <Ctrl K><H> always just removes any marks.

                When you're ready to print the list, press <Alt L>.  PEDIGREE
                prints the list with those persons marked and then redisplays
                the Starting Person Selection list with all marks removed.

                PEDIGREE provides special tests for CVectors when printing the
                register report.  If PEDIGREE is printing a register report
                from a list sorted by CVector, PEDIGREE will compare
                consecutive CVectors.  If they're identical, PEDIGREE prints a
                special indication next to the entries with matching CVectors. 
                Keep in mind that PEDIGREE only prints those persons you've
                marked for printing.  If you want to analyze the entire GEDCOM
                file with CVectors, you must first sort the Starting Person
                Selection list by CVector using <F9>, then mark the entire
                block of persons that have CVectors (not all will), and lastly
                request the register report with <Alt L>.

                The special report marks provided by PEDIGREE in a CVector-
                ordered register report will identify the deepest level at
                which a match occurred.  Here's the list of possible marks and
                their meanings:

                   1  Equality to generation 1, i.e., same birth year and the
                      same age of parents
                   2P Equality to generation 2, common paternal grandparents'
                      ages
                   2M Equality to generation 2, common maternal grandparents'
                      ages
                   3  Equality to all levels, i.e., identical CVectors in all
                      ages

                Note that a 2P equality implies that the maternal grandparents
                ARE NOT the same as the previous CVector even though the

                                          45





                paternal grandparents ARE.  Also note that matching by
                CVectors does not recognize either surname or GEDCOM numbers
                of parents.  It is possible, therefore, for two people to
                match simply because they were born in the same year, and one
                of the pair had parents each of whom was identical in age at
                the time of birth to the other person's parents.  That is,
                both people were born in the same year and the first mother's
                age equals the second mother's age and first father's age
                equals second father's age.

                g. Printing the Surname Cross Reference

                PEDIGREE will print a report listing in ascending alphabetic
                sequence with every UNIQUE surname, it's Soundex code and the
                GEDCOM numbers of all persons with that surname.  The report
                is selected with <Alt X>.  The order of the GEDCOM numbers is
                determined by the current sort sequence of the Starting Person
                Selection list.  If the list is in ascending GEDCOM number
                sequence, the GEDCOM numbers on the Surname Cross Reference
                will be the same.  If the Starting Person Selection list is in
                name sequence, the GEDCOM numbers on the report will be in
                whatever sequence that alpha name sort creates.

                Every page in the report has a title that names the report and
                the GEDCOM file path from which it was made.  The surname and
                it's Soundex code is printed in bold type on a line by itself. 
                Under the surname, the GEDCOM number of every person with that
                surname is listed 13 GEDCOM numbers to a single print line. 
                At the end of the report is a count of the total number of
                unique surnames and persons.  The detail lines of the report
                are indented several spaces to provide room for 3-hole
                punching.

                h. Printing the Surname Index Report

                Another surname summary report similar to the preceding
                Surname Cross Reference report is the Surname Index report. 
                This report is activated by <Alt I>.  This report is very
                similar to the preceding "Surname Cross Reference" report
                except that, rather than printing just the GEDCOM numbers of
                persons with the listed surname, each first name is also
                printed along with the GEDCOM number.  This report lists two
                names to a print line.  Obviously, it will take a little
                longer to print a "Surname Index" report than it would to
                print a "Surname Cross Reference."  This report, however, is
                very similar to those you'll find in the backs of published
                genealogies.

                As with other reports produced from the picklist, the Surname
                Index report is sensitive to the order of the picklist.  It
                also lists the entire database ignoring any "marks".

                i. Printing the Surname Summary Report

                The "Surname Summary Report" is a condensed version of the two

                                          46





                preceding reports.  It's activated by <Alt R>.  The report
                lists each unique surname, it's Soundex code, and the number
                of persons with that surname.  It also breaks down that number
                into the numbers of male, female, and unspecified persons with
                the surname.  This report is insensitive to the order of the
                picklist.

                j. CVectors

                The concept of a CVector first appeared in Genealogical
                Computing on page 37 of Volume 10, Number 1 published in July-
                September, 1990.  The CVector is intended to be a key to an
                person's data constructed from dates such that, if compared to
                other CVectors, it can be used to locate duplicates or twins. 
                CVectors have also been demonstrated to locate person linking
                errors.  As published, Genealogical Computing suggested using
                the following components to generate a unique key for every
                person:

                   (1)  The birth year of the person
                   (2)  The birth years of the parents
                   (3)  The birth years of both paternal grandparents
                   (4)  The birth years of both maternal grandparents

                Those 7 items of data were deemed unique enough to isolate
                data errors, locate twins, find duplicate person entries and
                generally help to audit a genealogical list of persons.  I
                have generally followed Genealogical Computing's suggestions,
                but the principal modification was suggested by Peter Cook of
                Gilbert, AZ.  Although I have not precisely followed Peter's
                algorithm, my implementation is quite similar.  That technique
                replaces the birth years of all ancestors with their age at
                the time of birth of the person.  Test have shown that this
                key is, indeed, virtually unique and does not suffer from a
                technique which uses names which can often "hide" people
                rather than disclose them.

                The usefulness of this technique to analyze a set of
                genealogical data is uncertain but looks promising.  It's not
                clear as of this writing that CVector support will remain in
                PEDIGREE.  There is, however, obvious usefulness of CVectors
                in the information they provide, i.e. the age of parents and
                grandparents at the birth year of offspring and in their
                ability to detect some forms of linking error.  Additionally,
                CVectors are not available anywhere else to my knowledge.  

                One tester, for example, determined that, based on the age of
                a parent, a child in a family could not possibly have been
                produced by the recorded Father.  The CVector showed that the
                person was born in 1886 and the Father was born 152 years
                earlier!  A prodigious feat and, in this case, due to an
                incorrect link between the child and the parent.  I've also
                seen, during testing, CVector audits found grandparents whose
                age-at-birth of the person were under 10, grandmothers over
                150 and a father aged 2!  In one test file of over 4500

                                          47





                persons, 28 errors were found using CVectors.  Obviously,
                there is value in using CVectors to audit genealogical links.

                CVector values are always positive.  If, for example, there's
                a person born in 1969 linked to a mother born in 1966 (she was
                born before her child), the age calculation will produce -3. 
                The CVector age, however, will be +3.  That's no problem with
                using a CVector.  The absolute age difference will still
                produce the desired audit results since a 3-year old could not
                have given birth.

                In any case, some users requested a method whereby they could
                find duplicate persons or twins or help audit data, so, thanks
                to Genealogical Computing and Peter Cook, here it is.  Whether
                or not CVectors stay in PEDIGREE depends on response from
                users describing it's usefulness.  As always, if anyone can
                improve on the technique, I'm listening.

                When you request a CVector sort with <F9>, PEDIGREE builds the
                CVectors if they haven't already been built, sorts the list
                based on the CVectors and then redisplays the Starting Person
                Selection picklist replacing the birth/death dates with the
                CVector.  Using one of the other sorts returns the display
                that shows birth/death dates.  While a CVector-sorted list is
                displayed, you can use all Starting Person Selection functions
                such as name search, one-key linking to parents, marking for
                reporting, etc.  It's no different than any other picklist
                display.

                If you've enabled one or both of the age audits, PEDIGREE will
                compare each ancestor's calculated age-at-birth to the audit
                minimums and maximums.  If an age is found to fall outside the
                age boundaries, PEDIGREE automatically "marks" that person in
                the picklist so you have a visual cue.  You can then visually
                examine the persons marked or immediately print a register
                report with <Alt L>.  Since the register report prints only
                persons marked, a report at this time will contain just those
                persons failing an audit.

                Since the key is constructed as outlined above, the picklist
                will show all persons that have no birth year in their GEDCOM
                data at the front of the list.  Below that, persons will be
                ordered in ascending sequence based on the YEAR of their birth
                and, within that, the age of the Father and the age of the
                Mother at the time the person was born.  If those three data
                items are identical amongst records, PEDIGREE uses the ages of
                both the paternal and maternal grandparents as part of the
                sort key.  If, during the construction of a CVector an
                ancestor is processed who has no birth year, that age-at-birth
                will be expressed as 0.  Obviously, all parts of a CVector
                require the person's birth year as the basis for determining
                age-at-birth of all ancestors.  Also, note that PEDIGREE
                currently uses YEAR arithmetic only to calculate ages for a
                CVector.  Neither month nor day participate in the
                calculation.

                                          48





                PEDIGREE applies no CVector comparisons between persons listed
                in the Starting Person Selection picklist.  In this version of
                PEDIGREE, comparisons of CVectors must be visual.  It does,
                however, make CVector comparisons if you request a register
                report with <Alt L> if the list is sorted by CVectors.  If
                PEDIGREE is printing a report from a list sorted by CVector,
                it compares consecutive CVectors for equality at some level. 
                If it finds such an equality, it prints an indication on the
                report preceding common CVector entries.  See the section
                above on printing the register report for more information on
                this topic.

                As an example of using CVectors visually, imagine there's a
                person in your GEDCOM list whom you suspect is a duplicate
                entry or a twin.  Move the highlight cursor bar over that
                person in the Starting Person Selection picklist, and then use
                <F9> to sort the list by CVector.  Since PEDIGREE maintains
                list cursor position integrity, after the sort and the list is
                redisplayed the cursor will still be at your original person. 
                If there is another person with a common CVector, you'll see
                that person right next to the one you originally highlighted. 
                Thus, you can move back and forth between sorts exploring
                relationships.

                A final note on CVectors - the value of a CVector is
                significantly diminished when either paternal or maternal
                grandparents' birth years are not known.  Unfortunately, the
                chance of that tends to increase the further back in
                genealogical time your data goes, and that's usually where the
                biggest research need lies.  Since the use of CVectors is
                relatively new, I will continue to explore ways to use and/or
                improve them.  I hope you'll do the same and share with me
                similar suggestions.

             7. The Pedigree Display

                a. Moving Around the Pedigree

                The on-screen pedigree shows four generations beginning with
                the person you selected as the starting person.  The name of
                each person is displayed with the birth/death dates.  If there
                are more ancestors beyond the 4th generation, there will be an
                arrow pointing to the right displayed at the right side of
                that ancestor's data, i.e., the ancestor has either, or both,
                a Father and Mother available for display.  If you scroll the
                pedigree toward the Father or the Mother, an arrow pointing
                left is displayed to the left of the central person to
                indicate there is data for a child that has scrolled off the
                display.

                Use the cursor keys to "walk" around the pedigree.  Scrolling
                the pedigree changes the starting person.  In doing so, all
                ancestors on the pedigree become those of the new starting
                person.  The keyboard keys to use while the pedigree is
                on-screen are:

                                          49





                   <F>         move to the Father 
                   <M>         move to the Mother
                   <C>         move to the child

                You can also press <F1> for help.  <F1> opens a "Help" window
                which explains all the keystrokes usable while the pedigree is
                on the display screen.

                In the pedigree display, the idea is to select the correct
                starting person for potential printing by scrolling the
                pedigree.  Once you've done that, you're ready to print. 
                Remember, you needn't actually print the pedigree.  You can
                browse around the pedigree as you like and then return to the
                Starting Person Selection screen to pick another family line
                for pedigree display.

                If you want to abandon the pedigree so you can pick another
                starting person, press the <F10> key.  You'll be returned to
                the Starting Person Selection window so you can pick some
                other starting person.  The highlight bar will be positioned
                on the most recent starting person from the pedigree chart
                when you left it.

                If you want to print the pedigree, press <P> or <p> ("print"). 
                If you want to exit the program completely, press <Esc>.

                b. Printing The Pedigree

                If you elect to print a pedigree by pressing <P> or <p> from
                the on-screen pedigree display, PEDIGREE starts printing and
                changes the display screen to let you know it's in the
                printing process.  Towards the bottom of the screen is a
                horizontal "progress" bar that moves from left to right as
                printing of the pedigree proceeds.  The bar moves within a box
                that is marked with %-of-completion values.  The box is marked
                at 0%, 50% and 100%.  The size of the bar within the box lets
                you know how far PEDIGREE is from completing printing of the
                pedigree chart.

                Towards the top of the display is another box.  As PEDIGREE
                sends data to the printer for each person, the name of that
                person is displayed in the box.  Along with the progress bar,
                this is a way PEDIGREE keeps you informed of it's progress. 
                If you're printing a blank chart, the name and it's box are
                not displayed.

                Immediately above the progress bar PEDIGREE displays a few
                lines of information corroborating your printing choices.  The
                first line displays the type of chart being printed.  The
                second line displays the style of border and box, if
                applicable, being printed.  The third line displays your print
                quality selections.

                When PEDIGREE completes printing the pedigree chart, it
                returns to the Starting Person Selection screen awaiting your

                                          50





                selection of another person for whom it can print another
                pedigree chart.  You can select another person or you can
                press <Esc> to return to the parameter selection screen.

          G. Reports

          Other than screen displays, PEDIGREE offers a variety of hard copy
          outputs.  For the graphic pedigree you have full control over it's
          design and content.  For the list report you have control over both
          the sequence of the report and the content.  The two surname summary
          report are sensitive to the sequence of the picklist again giving
          you that control.  Any of the hard copy outputs can be generated
          with just a few keystrokes.

             1. Graphic Pedigree

                A display-quality, printed pedigree chart is PEDIGREE's
                primary purpose.  As noted above, you can print either 4 or 5
                generation charts.  You have control over the types of
                graphics used for the border printed around the perimeter of
                the chart and the style of box used to "contain" data for each
                person on the chart.  And there are many other controls
                available for the printed chart each of which is selected with
                the parameter data entry screen.  Every chart is 8.5 by 11"
                printed vertically.  You generate a pedigree chart using the
                following steps:

                a. In the parameter screen select the type of chart, it's
                   border style and it's box style.  Also provide the filename
                   of your GEDCOM data.

                b. When PEDIGREE presents the picklist of persons, move the
                   highlight cursor bar over the person for whom you want the
                   pedigree drawn, and press <Enter>.

                c. PEDIGREE displays an on-screen version of the pedigree
                   chart.  You can scroll around it if you like.

                d. When you're satisfied that the on-screen pedigree
                   represents your intention, press <p> or <P>, and PEDIGREE
                   will print the graphic pedigree chart.

             2. Picklist Lists

             The primary purpose of the picklist is to present you with a
             scrolling display of all persons in the GEDCOM file so you can
             select the Starting Person for a pedigree chart.  The picklist
             has many others uses such as analyzing your GEDCOM data with
             sorts and CVectors.

             An option available any time a picklist is display is the ability
             to print one of several reports.  The simplest is the "List", and
             it is selected with <Alt L>.  A list is merely a line-by-line
             report of the same data you see on the picklist, i.e., GEDCOM
             Number, Name, Birth/Death dates, age-at-death, GEDCOM number of

                                          51





             the Father and GEDCOM number of the Mother.  Each person in the
             list is one print line.

             You have control over the content of the list in that you can
             select which persons to report.  You do that by "marking" them on
             the picklist.  The list report will print only those persons you
             mark no matter how few.  If you want a list report of everyone,
             you'll need to mark them all before you select the list report. 
             PEDIGREE will automatically mark persons for you if you're using
             a CVector sort and you've enable age audits.  If you use <Alt L>
             without marking anyone on the list - no report.

             The list is always printed in whatever sort sequence the picklist
             is sorted.  This might be confusing at first, but it provides
             more control over the way the list is printed, and it extends the
             usefulness of the report.  You can resort the picklist any of
             several ways and print a list using that sequence.  Sort the
             picklist alphabetically, and you'll print an alphabetically
             ordered report; sort the picklist by GEDCOM number, and you get a
             GEDCOM number sequenced report.

             3. Surname Index

             The "Surname Index" report is activated by the command <Alt I>
             while the picklist is displayed.  You DO NOT need to mark anyone
             on the list because PEDIGREE reports the entire GEDCOM database. 
             The report is sorted into ascending sequence by surname.

             Like every report produced from the picklist, the "Surname Index"
             report reflects the sort sequence of the picklist.  Even though
             the surnames are list in ascending alphabetic sequence, the order
             of names or GEDCOM number is determined by the order of the
             picklist.  If you want a strictly alphabetized Surname Index,
             first sort the picklist in ascending alphabetic sequence before
             you print it.  As above, you can use the sort sequence of the
             picklist to control how the report is printed.  You may, for
             example, have a use for a "Surname Index" report where persons
             are listed under their surname in GEDCOM number sequence rather
             than alpha first name sequence.  Again, the controls are yours.

             The report prints each unique surname in the GEDCOM file and it's
             Soundex code.  The surname and the Soundex code are printed in
             BOLD so they stand out better, and they're printed on a line by
             themselves.

             Printed two to a line on subsequent lines are the GEDCOM number
             and FIRST NAME of everyone with the preceding surname.  At a
             glance you can tell everyone that has a specific last name, and
             you have their GEDCOM numbers to index them with another report
             or database.

             If the lines on the report look a little closer than usual,
             you're right.  I alter the intra-line spacing so I can print over
             75 lines to a page to minimize the size of the report.  It's
             printed in letter quality, pitch 10 Roman font with enough

                                          52





             leading spacing so you can 3-hole punch it.  Each page has a
             header listing the report title, the GEDCOM filename from which
             it was produced, and the current date.

             This is the kind of index report you often find in the back of
             published genealogies.  Depending on how large your GEDCOM file
             is, this report can take a few minutes and will certainly take
             longer than the "Surname Cross Reference."

             4. Surname Cross Reference

             The "Surname Cross Reference" report is very similar to the Index
             report, but it's more condensed and, therefore, takes less time
             to print.  It, also, prints every unique surname in the GEDCOM
             database and it's Soundex code.  The surname and Soundex code are
             printed in BOLD type on a line by themselves so they stand out. 
             The entire report is sorted in ascending sequence by surname.

             Like every report produced from the picklist, the Surname Index
             report reflects the sort sequence of the picklist.  Even though
             the surnames are list in ascending alphabetic sequence, the order
             of names or GEDCOM number is determined by the order of the
             picklist.  If you want a strictly alphabetized Surname Index,
             first sort the picklist in ascending alphabetic sequence before
             you print it.  As above, you can use the sort sequence of the
             picklist to control how the report is printed.  You may, for
             example, have a use for a "Surname Index" report where persons
             are listed under their surname in GEDCOM number sequence rather
             than alpha first name sequence.  Again, the controls are yours.

             On separate lines under their surname are listed all the GEDCOM
             numbers of persons with that surname, and they're printed 13 to a
             line.  You can understand how this report would be much shorter
             and quicker to print than the "Surname Index" report.  Everything
             else about this report like page titles, lines per page, etc. is
             the same as the Surname Index report.

             5. Surname Summary

             This is the most condensed of the three surname reports.  Unlike
             the others, it prints only one line per unique surname, and does
             not display any details about individuals having the surname. 
             Rather, it lists "counts" of persons with the surname.  The
             specific counts reported along with the surname and it's Soundex
             code are:

                a. Total persons with the surname
                b. Number of males with the surname
                c. Number of females with the surname
                d. Number of persons with the surname whose sex was not
                   specified.

             If all persons are accounted for as either male or female, the
             count of "unspecified" will not appear.  The report is printed in
             ascending alphabetic sequence by surname.

                                          53





          H. Managing The List With The Pedigree

          If you haven't read the preceding sections on the Starting Person
          Selection Screen and the On-screen Scrolling Pedigree, please do
          that before reading this section.  I'm assuming you understand how
          to control each display.  This section describes how to effectively
          use the interaction between the two.

          You can move back and forth between the list of persons and the
          pedigree.  Pressing <Enter> from the list will show the pedigree of
          the person under the highlight cursor bar, and pressing <F10> from
          the pedigree returns you to the list.

          The significant point to remember is that, when PEDIGREE redisplays
          the list, it always highlights whatever person is the central person
          of the pedigree.  In other words, you can locate in the list a
          father or mother by using the pedigree display.  The two displays
          always track the central (starting) person.  When PEDIGREE
          redisplays the list of persons after you <F10> out of a pedigree
          display, it may not return the cursor bar to the person you
          originally picked for a pedigree display.  If you've scrolled the
          pedigree, the list will be repositioned so that whomever was the
          central person of the pedigree will be highlighted in the list.  

          Using this ability can be very useful when managing a large list of
          persons where direct ancestors are spread out far apart in the
          GEDCOM data.  This is a particularly useful feature when a direct
          ancestor has a surname different than a child.

          The "tracking" ability of the Starting Person Selection display is
          also true if you sort the list.  That is, after you've sorted the
          list, PEDIGREE returns the highlight cursor bar to whatever person
          was the designated "central person" wherever in the list that person
          may be.  

          Therefore, if your intention is to collect together all persons with
          a common surname, try the following.  First put the highlight cursor
          bar over one of the persons with the target surname.  Use either
          scrolling or name search to position the cursor.  Press <Enter> to
          display the pedigree for that person.  This is a preliminary and
          necessary step to registering a Starting Person (a "central
          person").  Press <F10> to exit the pedigree and return to the list. 
          Now sort the list using <F6>.  After the list is sorted, PEDIGREE
          redisplays the list, and the cursor bar is highlighting the person
          with whom you started and that person will be amidst others with the
          same surname.

          Following is an example of locating the Father for a specific person
          so you can print his pedigree.  Let's assume you know only the name
          of the person, and it's MARY SZABO.  PEDIGREE provides several
          alternative ways to move amongst the data of your family members,
          but we'll use just one as illustration.

          The Starting Person Selection display is on-screen.  You have no
          idea what the GEDCOM number of MARY SZABO is or where in the list

                                          54





          she might be, so you don't know what her relative position is
          amongst the list of 1200 persons.  We'll start by searching for Mary
          by entering "S", the first letter of her surname.  PEDIGREE searches
          the list forward and stops at JOHN SARNAK.  That's not our person. 
          You key in the next letter of the surname "Z".  PEDIGREE moves
          forward to JOHN SZABO.  Close, but no cigar.  And MARY SZABO is
          still nowhere in sight in this list of 1200 persons.  OK, let's try
          a different tack.  You press <F6> to sort the list alphabetically by
          name.  PEDIGREE does so, and it redisplays the sorted list with the
          highlight cursor still on JOHN SZABO.  Well, there are bunches of
          SZABO's listed but MARY is still not seen.  She can't be far.  You
          press <PgDn> and, sure enough, there's MARY.  You use the down arrow
          to move the highlight bar over the MARY SZABO entry.  Looking to the
          far right of the line, you see she indeed has both a Father and a
          Mother GEDCOM number recorded.  Great!  You press <Alt F>, and
          PEDIGREE immediately moves the highlight bar to her father, JOHN
          SZABO.  Oh, that's who he is!  Now you press <Enter>, and PEDIGREE
          displays the pedigree chart for JOHN SZABO.  You press <p>, and
          PEDIGREE prints the pedigree chart.

          I. Errors

          Things can go wrong.  For this reason PEDIGREE has a bunch of error
          detecting instrumentation.  The error messages PEDIGREE can display
          on the screen and their meanings are:

             MESSAGE: Maximum number of persons exceeded.
             MEANING: You've exceeded the maximum number of persons the
                      program or your computer resources allow.  This could be
                      a common event with the unregistered version of the
                      program.  With the registered version it should happen
                      only if PEDIGREE runs out of main memory (RAM) on your
                      system.

             MESSAGE: Maximum number of families exceeded.
             MEANING: Same as above but for families.

             MESSAGE: The Printer is on but not ready.
             MEANING: PEDIGREE can't talk to the printer even though it's
                      turned on.  Press the "ON LINE" button on the printer.

             MESSAGE: The Printer is out of paper.
             MEANING: You know what this means ... put some paper in the
                      printer.  NOTE: some Epson compatible printers do not
                      allow printing as close to the paper edge as a true
                      Epson.  You might run into this problem if you're using
                      single sheets in a "compatible" printer.  Try defeating
                      the "paper out" switch. 
             MESSAGE: The Printer is turned off.
             MEANING: I think you know what this means, too.

             MESSAGE: Pick Window Initialization Error.
             MEANING: Internal error or insufficient memory - tell Ken.

             MESSAGE: Error initializing command processor.

                                          55





             MEANING: Another "tell Ken" error.

             MESSAGE: "filename" is not a valid GEDCOM file.
             MEANING: PEDIGREE doesn't see GEDCOM standard data in the front
                      of your "GEDCOM" file.  Make sure you've entered the
                      file name correctly and that the file you're using
                      conforms to specs as I've described them.

             MESSAGE: The box/border image file cannot be found.
             MEANING: A compressed box or border file is not in the same
                      subdirectory as the PEDIGREE program.  Where did you
                      move it?  Find it and put it back. All border files have
                      a .BOR suffix and all box file have a .BOX suffix.

             MESSAGE: The path "GEDCOM-path" cannot be opened.
             MEANING: Although the filename in the "GEDCOM-path" exists, DOS
                      will not let PEDIGREE open the file for reading.  This
                      message should never appear.

             MESSAGE: Font file "font-file-name" cannot be opened.
             MEANING: PEDIGREE can't find the alternate font you asked it to
                      use.  The fonts must be in the same subdirectory as the
                      PEDIGREE program.  Check the contents of PEDIGREE's
                      subdirectory.  If you've deleted the font file, put it
                      back or don't use it.

             MESSAGE: Error initializing the data entry screen.
             MEANING: Another internal or system error or insufficient memory. 
                      Tell Ken.

             MESSAGE: Help initialization error.
             MEANING: PEDIGREE was unable to initialize the data supporting
                      the context-sensitive help.  Another system error or
                      insufficient memory.  Tell Ken.

             MESSAGE: Insufficient Memory
             MEANING: PEDIGREE has exhausted all memory available to it.  Try
                      running with no TSR's or menus to free more RAM.  Use a
                      memory manager such as QEMM or EMM386 to move programs
                      from memory below 640K to high memory above 640K.

          The only errors you can reasonably expect regard the operation of
          the printer or the amount of free RAM available to PEDIGREE.  If the
          error message is not printer related, check whether you're running a
          menu system or TSR's that use main memory.  If you have an AT-class
          machine (80286/80386 etc.), there are memory managers available to
          relocate TSRs (and DOS) freeing up more main memory.

          Since the program was written in Pascal, it's conceivable that other
          circumstances will arise causing the Pascal environment code to
          complain.  These are impossible circumstances to predict; far too
          numerous to document here; and highly unlikely to occur.  If any
          other kind of "Error" message appears, please contact me so I can
          exorcise the problem.


                                          56





          J. Key Commands Summary

             1. Parameter Specification Screen

                <Tab> - moves the cursor forward one field

                <Shift Tab> - moves the cursor back on field

                <Ctrl Enter> - accept all the screen data and proceed with
                processing

                <Enter> - accept the data in the current field
                Arrow Keys - control cursor movement within a field

                <Backspace> - delete the character immediately to the left of
                the cursor

                <Del> - delete the character under the cursor

                <Home> - move cursor to the start of the field

                <End> - move cursor to the end of the field

                <+> - change a multiple choice selection to the next

                <-> - change a multiple choice selection to the previous

                All other keyboard keys act normally including.

             2. Select Starting Person Screen

                < > Up Arrow - move the highlight (selector) bar up one person

                < > Down Arrow - move the highlight bar down one person

                <PgDn> - scroll the Starting Person Selection list of persons
                down one screen full

                <PgUp> - scroll the Starting Person Selection list of persons
                up one screen full

                <Home> - scroll the Starting Person Selection list of persons
                to the top of the list (first person)

                <End> - scroll the Starting Person Selection list of persons
                to the bottom of the list (last person)

                <Esc> - Exit the Starting Person Selection list and return to
                the Parameter Selection screen

                <Enter> - display the pedigree using the person highlighted
                (under the cursor) as the starting person.

                <F1> - display a scrolling window with help information about
                using the Starting Person Selection picklist.

                                          57





                <Space> - Select/de-select (mark/unmark) an person

                <Ctrl K><B> - Mark the start of a block of persons

                <Ctrl K><K> - Mark the end of a block of persons

                <Ctrl Enter> - If any persons are selected (marked), clear all
                selections.  If no persons are selected, mark all persons. 
                This key sequence is a toggle.  You can use this to print the
                entire GEDCOM list by selecting all and then <Enter>.

                <Ctrl K><H> - Deselect all.  Clear any selections.

                <Alt L> - Print a list with those persons marked.

                <Alt X> - Print the Surname Cross Reference report.

                <Alt I> - Print the Surname Index Report

                <Alt R> - Print the Surname Summary Report

                <F5> - Sort the list in ascending person GEDCOM number
                sequence.

                <F6> - Sort the list in ascending name sequence based on the
                key last name; first name in that order.

                <F7> - Sort the list in descending name sequence based on the
                key last name; first name in that order.

                <F8> - Sort the list in ascending sequence based on the
                Father's GEDCOM number.

                <F9> - Sort the list in ascending sequence based on CVector.

                <Alt F> - Move to the Father of the person.

                <Alt M> - Move to the Mother of the person.

             3. Pedigree Chart Screen

                <F> Up Arrow - move to the Father of the starting person

                <M> Down Arrow - move to the Mother of the starting person

                <C> Left Arrow - move to the Child of the starting person

                <Esc> - Exit the program

                <F10> - Leave the pedigree and return to the "Starting Person
                Selection" screen.

                <F1> - Help - Display the meaning of all the keys.

             4. Other

                                          58





             <Ctrl Break> can be used to stop the program at any time. 
             Recognition of <Ctrl Break> by the computer can occur whenever
             PEDIGREE is doing input or output to any device.  You may have to
             enter <Ctrl Break> a few times in rapid succession to get
             PEDIGREE's attention.

       VII. REGISTERING PEDIGREE

       PEDIGREE is not free.  It's Shareware.  I've spent a considerable
       amount of time and computer supplies developing this program, and I
       expect to be recompensed for my efforts.

       Shareware is a distribution method, not a type of software.  You should
       find software that suits your needs and budget, whether it's commercial
       or shareware.  The shareware system makes fitting your needs easier,
       because you can try before you buy.  And because the overhead is low,
       prices are also low.  Shareware has the ultimate money-back guarantee -
       if you don't use the product, you don't pay for it.

       Shareware is a brave concept in software marketing that allows you to
       "try before you buy".  Shareware authors retain all rights under their
       copyright, but allow you free distribution of their programs. 
       Distributors of shareware - including on-line BBS and catalog outlets -
       usually do not charge for the shareware software itself.  The
       distributors are charging for their own services such as reproduction
       and postage.  Registration payment directly to the author entitles the
       user to additional services, information, and newer products.  It's a
       great deal for users, authors, and distributors alike.  Please support
       this honor marketing technique so that more programs of increasingly
       professional quality can reasonably be provided via this system.

       This program along with its associated documentation and accessories
       ("the software") is the copyrighted work of its author.  All rights 
       under U.S. and International copyright law are reserved.  The software
       may not be reverse-engineered.

       Copyright laws apply to both shareware and commercial software, and the
       copyright holder retains all rights, with a few exceptions clearly
       stated by the author.  Shareware authors are accomplished programmers
       much like commercial programmers, and the programs are usually of
       comparable quality.  The main difference is the software distribution
       method.  The shareware author specifically grants the right to copy and
       distribute the software to all except that written permission must be
       obtained from the author before a commercial disk vendor may copy or
       distribute his/her products.

       You are hereby granted a license to use the software free of charge for
       test and evaluation purposes for a period not to exceed 30 days from
       the date on which you acquired the software.  After that evaluation
       period, you are legally and honor-bound to either send me the specified
       registration fee, or cease using the software.  If you decide to not
       register after the trial period, erase the software in all it's forms
       from your system, and accept my sincere congratulations and admiration
       for your personal integrity.  Once you have registered the software,
       you are free to make archival backup copies for your security, and to

                                          59





       use the software on as many computers as you own or use subject to the
       following restrictions:

          A. Your use of the software is for personal benefit only.  Any
             business or commercial use of the software requires a commercial 
             license and payment of the commercial license fee.  Contact me
             for details on commercial use.  Use of the software by CompuServe
             employees, and forum SysOps and assistants, does not constitute
             commercial use.

          B. You may distribute the software as long as the material you
             distribute are the original ZIP files as released by myself.  You
             may not charge a fee for profit for the software without my
             express written consent.  Non-profit organizations such as users
             groups, Bulletin Board Systems and Shareware Distributors may
             distribute the unregistered software to its members and/or
             customers and may charge a nominal disk duplication and/or media
             fee.

       One final comment on shareware.  It's a rare shareware program that
       recoups the money spent on it's development.  Support shareware authors
       by sending the reasonable fee requested.

       The registered version of PEDIGREE is $20.00.  Registered users can
       upgrade to the latest version for half of that, i.e. $10.00. 

       Send the registration fee to:

          Ken Murphy
          1704 West Lindner Ave
          Mesa, AZ 85202    <---the town with the best darn Family History
                            Center outside of Salt Lake City!

       Use the registration form attached to this document.  If it's lost,
       include a note with the name and address where you want the registered
       version mailed, and the "Registered To" name you want.  Also, tell me
       what type of IBM compatible processor you're using (286, 386, etc.) 
       Indicate whether you prefer 5.25 inch or 3.5 inch floppy disks AND
       which density.  You'll get the latest version with whatever changes
       and/or corrections have been made since the last release.  The
       registered version will be optimized for an 80x86 class computer.  Be
       sure to note whatever "Registered to" name you want on the banner
       screen if it's different from your mailing name.  

       VIII. THE REGISTERED VERSION

       The registered version has very high limits on numbers of persons and
       families.  They're set so high that the actual limit will be the amount
       of main memory available to PEDIGREE.  The limits are present in the
       registered version as a "safety net" for the program should something
       bizarre happen while it's running.  The more RAM available, the more
       persons that can be loaded from your GEDCOM data.  PEDIGREE will always
       display an error message if it runs out of system resources, but it
       will continue to process whatever has been loaded up to that point.


                                          60





       The registered version displays your name on the banner screen and the
       GEDCOM loading screen - a permanent reminder of your ownership and
       personal integrity.

       The registered version includes an automatic installation program and a
       README.NOW file on how to use it.  The registered version also comes
       with the WordPerfect version of the manual.  The WordPerfect version
       contains graphics and tables not translatable to the ASCII text
       version.  If you have WordPerfect or some way to convert a WordPerfect
       5.1 file to another word processor, use it as the preferred way to
       print the manual.

       Owners of the registered version get notices of upgrades to the
       program, and they're offered the opportunity to acquire the most recent
       version at half the cost of a new registration.  Upgrades are usually
       made available to registered owners first.  A new version is released
       to normal distribution channels after registered owners get their
       copies.  If a registered owner reports a problem or offers an
       improvement suggestion I accept, the change is returned with the latest
       version of PEDIGREE irregardless of what version the user owns.

       Finally, the registered version includes the bonus program PEDFONT.  I
       wrote PEDFONT as a development aid for PEDIGREE.  PEDFONT is the
       program I used to build the 10 special print fonts shipped with
       PEDIGREE.  PEDFONT is also the most complete Epson font aid and printer
       manager available all in one program.  It's completely menu driven and
       allows access to virtually every Epson LQ feature using simple menu
       selections.  PEDFONT is available separately as Shareware to
       non-PEDIGREE users.

       IX. PEDIGREE TECHNICAL SPECS

       PEDIGREE was written in Borland's Turbo Pascal version 7.0.  I
       extensively use the Object Professional package from Turbo Power
       version 1.21 including their Turbo Analyst version 6.03 to tune the
       code.

       PEDIGREE was developed on a 32 KB cache, 20 MHz 386SX running MS-DOS
       5.0 over an AMI BIOS.  My system uses a NEC VGA MultiSync 3D display
       driven by an ATI VGA Wonder+ display card.  Initial print testing was
       done on my Epson LQ-850 printer hooked to the LPT1 parallel port. 
       Versions of PEDIGREE 2.1 and greater were developed on a 128KB cache,
       33 MHz 486DX with MS-DOS 5.0.

       The pedigree chart graphics were prepared with Spinnaker Software's
       PFS:1st Publisher version 3.0 using 180 DPI smoothed and scaled
       printing. 

       The optional fonts were prepared by me with software I wrote.  That
       program is called "PEDFONT", and it's available for distribution. 
       PEDFONT has been developed into a complete printer management tool, and
       has been released as a separate shareware product.  It not only allows
       design and editing of any user-defined character sets, but it provides
       total control of and access to virtually every feature of the printer. 
       It's completely window oriented and menu driven, and it provides over

                                          61





       200 logically arranged menu choices to manage every feature of any
       printer that recognizes the Epson ESC/P printer language.

       This manual was prepared with WordPerfect 5.1.

       PEDIGREE was originally tested on GEDCOM files created by Carl York's
       genealogical database program "The Family Edge Plus".  Of all the
       GEDCOM files I've seen, Carl's are the "cleanest".  PEDIGREE was also
       tested on several of the GEDCOM files available in the LIB's of the
       ROOTS Forum on CompuServe, and those generated by the Beta testers.

       PEDIGREE employs a memory extending technique that uses the Upper
       Memory Blocks (UMB) to extend Borland Pascal's Heap.  This doesn't mean
       much to non-Pascal folks, but it allows PEDIGREE to "get it's hands" on
       memory not normally available.  This means PEDIGREE can process really
       big GEDCOM files with thousands of persons.  The memory technique is
       compatible with other memory managers such as QEMM.  It's safe to load
       anything else you want into UMB's.  PEDIGREE will only use that Upper
       Memory that's unused.  When it terminates execution, any UMB space used
       will be returned to the system.

       X. USER SUPPORT

       You don't need any.  Seriously, if you find any flaw in the program,
       please don't trash it and then keep quiet.  I'll promptly fix any error
       (as I've done in the past) so that we all can benefit from a sound
       program.  Got an idea for improving PEDIGREE?  Great, let's hear it! 
       Constructive criticisms and suggestions are equally welcome and
       appreciated.

       You can reach me on CompuServe at 74025,731.  Leave me a message in the
       Software section of the ROOTS forum or send me an EMAIL.  Tell me what
       else you'd like PEDIGREE to do.  If there's a problem, describe the
       problem, any PEDIGREE error messages and the PEDIGREE parameters you
       were using.  I also need to know what flavor of computer you have; what
       DOS you use; the types of disk drives you were using; your monitor
       type; your printer make and model, and the breed of your dog.

       XI. DISCLAIMER

       Yes, the ubiquitous disclaimer.  This program has been carefully tested
       by me and a small community of very thorough BETA testers.  There are
       no known bugs.  You, however, bear sole responsibility for what
       PEDIGREE does on your computer.

       The program does some fairly fancy RAM management (computer resources -
       not the animal).  If, in the unlikely event your system locks when
       running PEDIGREE, reboot your system.  Then let me know so I can
       determine if it's PEDIGREE's fault and, if so, do something about it.

       If you're a very cautious type, then play it safe and back up the files
       you intend to use with PEDIGREE.

       XII. REVISION HISTORY / WHAT'S NEW
          v 1.  Initial release only to BETA testers.

                                          62





          v 1.1 First "official" release with fixes and suggestions from BETA
                testing.
          v 1.2 Fix a few bugs having to do with the picklist display of
                persons' mother/father GEDCOM numbers.
          v 1.3 Increase the size of the counter of GEDCOM records to
                accommodate very large GEDCOM files.
          v 1.4 Recompile eliminating unused window and mouse code - makes it
                smaller and faster.
          v 2.0 Recompiled with Borland Pascal 7.0 for REAL mode execution.
                Smaller and faster program. Included Object Professional v1.20
                for REAL mode execution.

                Added ability to select chart style using 7 different chart
                designs.

                Fixed problem - last chart line was not printing on some types
                of printers.  Also, reinitialized printer when finished.

                Miscellaneous code cleanup and bug-fixing.

                Added calculation for age at death for both Starting Person
                Selection display and pedigree chart printing.

                Option to print marriage dates on chart.

                Help screen for the Starting Person Selection picklist
                display.

                Use UMB's to extend Pascal's Heap to permit processing more
                persons in large GEDCOM files.

                Picklist for standard report chart styles.

                Feature to mark selected/all persons on the Starting Person
                Selection screen and the "standard" report from that list.

          v 2.1 Epson built-in international character set selection

                Changed chart style selection to full-view picklist

          v 2.2 5 generation chart - the 8th design choice.
                PREPRINT chart mode option.
                Improved parameter screen field editing.
                Emphasized printing option.
                Minor bug fixes.
                Increased person/family capacities.

          v 2.3 RLE compressed chart design files to save disk space.
                Printer quality option to control both emphasized printing and
                unidirectional printing.

          v 2.4 Program was split into three modules.

          v 2.5 Remove unregistered version restrictions.
                Improved user interface.

                                          63






                Compiled for only 80x86. 80xx support dropped but can be
                reinstated on specific individual request basis.

          v 3.0 Change the single parameter that controls Epson print quality
                into two individually selectable features.

                Allow the user to customize the 4 generation chart appearance
                by selecting the chart border design and the chart box style
                individually.  Add several new border designs and a new box
                style. Provided a single sheet printout of all border/box
                choices which is executed as part of the installation printer
                test.  Add two fields to the parameter screen to permit border
                and box style selection.  Based on the Chart Type
                automatically skip the cursor over nonapplicable data entry
                fields.

                Provide three sort sequences activated by <F5>, <F6> and <F7>
                to allow user control of the sequence of the Starting Person
                picklist.  The name sorts are based on last name, first name.

                Split some of the code into overlays to permit a larger GEDCOM
                population even though the program is significantly larger. 
                Use EMS for overlays if it's available.  Use RamDisk for chart
                construction.

                Changed the exploding help window for the parameter screen
                from a paged window to a scrolling window so the user can use
                the arrow keys to scroll by line as well as by page.

                Minor bug fixes, code streamlining and improved use of system
                resources.  Support TEMP and TMP variables for work space to
                improve performance.

                Removed some of the "beeping" PEDIGREE does when things go
                wrong.

                Added a box to the screen PEDIGREE displays when printing a
                chart.  The box contains the name of the person currently
                being processed.

                Improved the appearance of the 4 generation charts by moving
                the rightmost column of boxes slightly to the left to provide
                more clearance between them and the border.

                Made the Starting Person Selection list track the "central
                person" along with the Pedigree display.

                Changed the on-screen pedigree scrolling keys from cursor
                arrows to the more meaningful <F>, <M> and <C> for Father,
                Mother and Child.

                Implemented <Alt F>, <Alt M> and <Alt S> for the Starting
                Person Selection screen to allow the user to automatically
                move to the Father, Mother or Spouse of a person if those

                                          64





                GEDCOM numbers are present.

                Changed the "more ancestors" indication from a blue plus sign
                to a white arrow for better meaning and visibility.  Added
                another arrow at the left of the on-screen pedigree to
                indicate data for a child is available but not currently
                displayed.

                Provide an automatic installation program for registered
                users.

                Add the same border and box selection ability for 5 generation
                charts as exists with 4 generation charts.  Previously, there
                was only one 5-generation design.  Improved the appearance of
                the 5 generation boxes by repositioning them on the page.

                Provided a GEDCOM counter display for unique surnames.

                Changed the 3 second delay at the end of GEDCOM processing to
                a "Press any key to continue" pause to allow users more time
                to digest the counter info.

                Changed the manner in which PEDIGREE determines whether or not
                to print a list report from "multiple persons selected" to the
                keystroke <Alt L>.

          v3.5  NOTE: PEDIGREE evolved from v3.0 to v3.5 without release of
                any of the intermediate versions.  All changes are listed
                under v3.5.

                Added a Starting Person picklist sort based on the Father's
                GEDCOM number to collect family siblings irregardless of their
                surname.

                Display surname Soundex code for person highlighted in the
                Starting Person Selection picklist.

                Added a Surname Cross Reference report printable when the
                Starting Person Selection list is displayed.

                Added support for a research/audit tool called "CVectors". 
                Also provide a CVector equality test in the register report.

                Added a new feature to audit the ages of the parents and
                grandparents for minimums and maximums.  Provided a new data
                entry screen so the user can provide the min/max ages and
                enable/disable the tests.

                Improved the colors of the data entry screen picklists and
                added shadows for their windows.

                Added tests to assure a selected custom printer font file
                existed and was visible to the code.  Also added tests to make
                sure the display mode selected was compatible with the user's
                display equipment.

                                          65





                Improved and reworded most of the context-sensitive help.

                Added a Surname Index report.

                Repaired 3 damaged custom fonts which had been shipping with
                some earlier registered versions.

                Added audit tests for the sex of a parent.

                Allowed use of a special font on 5 generation charts for the
                Prepared For: data.

          v3.6  Skip reconstruction of the chart if the user changes other
                parameters but not the chart design. If it hasn't changed,
                there's no need to rebuild it - save the time.

                Skip processing of the GEDCOM file if the user changes other
                parameters but not the original GEDCOM filename.  If it hasn't
                changed, there's no need to reprocess it - save the time. 
                Also, improve PEDIGREE's I/O performance processing the GEDCOM
                file through better buffering.

                Made the picklist and report header reflect the sort sequence
                of the list.

                Split the main program into two so the first can use RamDisk
                to pre-process the GEDCOM file.

                Made CVector sort faster.

                Added audit check for a parent's date of death to determine if
                the parent died too soon before the birth of the child to be
                the "real" parent.

                Added a display of the characters used to search for a name in
                the Starting Person picklist if the user starts a name search.

                Add <Alt C> command in the Starting Person picklist to allow
                cursor movement back to a child from which the cursor was
                originally moved with <Alt F> or <Alt M>.

                Added an option to suppress the stylized title "PEDIGREE" on
                the charts and, if the option is selected, print an unbroken
                border at the top of the chart.

                Fixed bug that limited chart data lines to 23 rather than 29
                characters.

                When processing the person's name from the GEDCOM data, if the
                full name wont fit, attempt to build "LAST NAME, FIRST NAME,
                MIDDLE NAME" as the second try.  Middle names used to be
                entirely discarded if the name was too long to fit within the
                chart box space.  If that won't fit, try "LAST NAME, FIRST
                NAME, MIDDLE NAME INIT".


                                          66





          v3.7  Changed some ways in which PEDIGREE communicates with the
                printer in order to support some non-Epson compatibles that
                recognize the Epson ESC/P printer language.

                Changed the color specifications so that PEDIGREE looks better
                on a monochrome monitor such as a laptop.

                Added the "Surname Summary Report".

       XIII. EPSON BUILT-IN CHARACTER SETS

       Selection of an international character set provides you special
       characters used in foreign languages.  There are 13 sets from which to
       choose.  Use of any of the 13 sets is mutually exclusive with a special
       font.  The sets define which ASCII codes will print such symbols as
       Circumflex, Diaeresis, O Slash, Acute, etc.

       The standard Epson Extended Graphics character table (the default used
       by PEDIGREE) already has international symbols defined for ASCII codes
       $80 and up.  If your GEDCOM data file use those ASCII codes for non-USA
       symbols, you can print a PEDIGREE chart with them using the default USA
       character set.  If, however, your GEDCOM originated from a non-USA
       source, you may have these special symbols represented by other ASCII
       codes.

       Ordinarily, you won't have need of these foreign language symbols. 
       Most of the foreign language symbols such as Umlauts, Grave and
       Diaeresis used in GEDCOM data are represented by the higher value ASCII
       codes, and they'll print just fine on your Epson if you use the default
       font with the USA character set selected.  If, however, you know these
       foreign language codes are present in your GEDCOM data, PEDIGREE is
       prepared to print them.

       The table on the next page describes the ASCII codes affected, the
       country and the character symbols generated.  The table prints
       perfectly on an Epson compatible printer if you print this document
       using WordPerfect 5.1.  If you copy the PEDIGREE.TXT version of the DOC
       to the printer, this table will not print completely correct - a few of
       the symbols may be blank.

















                                          67







                            A S C I I   C O D E   H E X

                   23   24  40   5B   5C   5D  5E   60   7B   7C  7D   7E
        USA        #    $   @    [    \    ]   ^    `    {    |   }    ~

        FRANCE     #    $                   ^    `                

        GERMANY    #    $                  ^    `               
        ENGLAND        $   @    [    \    ]   ^    `    {    |   }    ~

        DENMARK1   #    $   @                ^    `               ~

        DENMARK2   #    $   $                                   
        SWEDEN     #                                          

        ITALY      #    $   @         \       ^                   

        SPAIN1         $   @               ^    `            }    ~

        SPAIN2     #    $                      `               
        JAPAN      #    $   @    [        ]   ^    `    {    |   }    ~

        NORWAY     #                                           

        LATINO     #    $                                     

       The default Epson Extended Graphics character table includes many
       foreign language symbols.  If you examine a chart of either an Epson
       Extended Graphics character table or an MS-DOS code page table for
       English, you'll see the foreign symbol codes starting at ASCII 128
       decimal (80 hex).  If your GEDCOM data contains foreign language
       symbols and their ASCII codes are standard Epson, you don't want to use
       a special character set.

       XIV. FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS

          A. Q: Why does the pedigree chart print so slowly?
             A: Speed of printing depends on several things some which are
                under your control, i.e.,:
                   (1)   The speed of your printer.
                   (2)   Whether or not you're using emphasized or
                         unidirectional printing.
                   (3)   Whether or not you're using the PREPRINTed form
                         option.
                Basically, printing of triple density graphics is a time
                consuming process.  Remember that it requires the most from
                your printer, and it's done in the "Letter Quality" mode and
                not in the "draft" mode.  Neither the complexity of chart nor
                the use of alternate characters sets or fonts will effect
                printing speed.

          B. Q: Will PEDIGREE work on my printer?
             A: I don't know.  PEDIGREE uses only Epson-standardized commands

                                          68





                which are supported by many printers.  If your printer is
                among them, give PEDIGREE a try - it'll probably work.  For
                example, I know of at least one Epson 9-pin dot matrix printer
                capable of triple density graphics, and it works fine with
                PEDIGREE although the quality of the printed result is not as
                good as with a 24-pin printer.  Some printers will print a
                chart fine, but they won't support the use of alternate
                character sets or special fonts so you might have to sacrifice
                a feature of the program to use it.

          C. Q: Why does PEDIGREE need to "construct" a chart?
             A: It was a design tradeoff.  Either I build all the possible
                pedigree chart varieties, or the software did it dynamically. 
                To supply all possible combinations of borders and boxes would
                require substantial disk space.  I chose this technique to
                minimize both the amount of disk space required to install
                PEDIGREE and to facilitate the creation of new varieties of
                chart appearances.  The tradeoff is the few seconds it takes
                PEDIGREE to merge the border and box selections into a
                complete chart design.

          D. Q: I have an idea for a chart. Can I get PEDIGREE to do that?
             A: PEDIGREE is limited to those borders and box styles I've
                provided.  The answer is a qualified "yes" if you send me an
                illustration of what you want.  If your idea is suitable to
                PEDIGREE's architecture, I'll incorporate your design and send
                you back a new version of the software.

          E. Q: Will PEDIGREE work with my laser printer?
             A: Probably not, but see question A.  Laser printers use a
                language called PCL (Printer Control Language).  Although PCL
                uses Escape Sequences like an Epson, PCL Escape Sequences are
                quite different.  I am, however, investigating adapting
                PEDIGREE to a common denominator form of Hewlett Packard laser
                printers.  Stay tuned.

          F. Q: Are you going to continue to improve PEDIGREE?
             A: Absolutely "yes".  Upgrading for registered users to a newer
                version is half the normal fee, i.e., $10 to upgrade.

















                                          69






       XV. REGISTRATION FORM

       Mail with the $20.00 to:   Ken Murphy
                                  1704 West Lindner Ave.
                                  Mesa, AZ 85202


       Please print the following:

       Name: __________________________________________________________

       Street Address: ________________________________________________

       City: ___________________________________  State: __  Zip: _____


       "Registered to" name: __________________________________________

       Disk Size Desired:   5.25"    3.5"          Density:____________

       Printer Make and Model: ________________________________________

       Comments: ______________________________________________________

       ________________________________________________________________

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       Suggestions to improve PEDIGREE: _______________________________

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       XVI. INDEX

     4 Generation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5, 9, 26-30, 36, 64, 65
     5 Generation . . . . . . . . . . . 5-10, 27-29, 34, 36, 51, 63, 65, 66
     Age  . . . . . .  5-7, 21-23, 33, 34, 36, 37, 39-41, 44-48, 51, 52, 63
     Audit. . . . . . . . . . . . . .  6, 7, 22, 36, 37, 44, 47, 48, 65, 66
     Birth. . . . . . .  5, 7, 18, 20, 22, 23, 33, 36, 39-41, 45-49, 51, 66
     BLANK Chart  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8, 24, 29, 31, 38, 50
     Border . . . 5, 6, 8-10, 12-16, 25, 26, 29-31, 37, 42, 43, 50, 51, 56,
                                                                  64-66, 69
     Box  .  5, 6, 8-10, 12-15, 20, 25, 26, 29, 30, 34, 37, 40, 50, 51, 56,
                                                             64, 65, 66, 69
     Character Set  . . . . . . . . . . . 9, 15, 19, 32, 34, 35, 63, 67, 68
     Cross Reference  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  46, 53, 58, 65
     CVector  . . . .  7, 22, 23, 36, 37, 40, 44, 45, 47-49, 52, 58, 65, 66
     Death. . . . . . .  5, 6, 18, 20-23, 33, 34, 39-41, 48, 49, 51, 63, 66
     Double Strike  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9, 24, 32, 33
     Emphasized . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9, 32, 33, 63, 68
     EMS  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6, 10, 64
     Error. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  23, 28, 29, 47, 55, 56, 60, 62
     Family . . . .  6-8, 10, 17-20, 41, 42, 44, 47, 50, 54, 60, 62, 63, 65
     Font . . 5, 8, 9, 14, 16, 17, 27, 28, 31, 32, 34-36, 52, 56, 61, 65-67
     GEDCOM .  5-10, 17-23, 25-27, 29, 31, 36, 38-41, 43-46, 48, 49, 51-56,
                                                              58, 60, 61-68
     Hard disk  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-14, 24, 25
     Help .  6, 7, 25, 26, 28-30, 37, 39, 43, 47, 48, 50, 56-58, 63, 64, 66
     Index. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  46, 52, 53, 58, 66, 71
     Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  6, 10-13, 61, 64, 65
     International  . . . . . . . . .  6, 9, 15, 28, 32, 34, 35, 59, 63, 67
     Irregular Dates  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  21, 22
     Julian Date  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  22
     Keyword  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  18
     Level. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  6, 7, 18, 39, 45, 49
     Mark . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8, 24, 27, 37, 38, 44, 45, 52, 58, 63
     Marriage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  5, 6, 18, 34, 63
     Mouse. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  39, 63
     PAF  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  21, 22
     Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6, 28, 29, 37, 38, 41, 62, 66
     Pedigree . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  1, 5-52, 54-70
     Picklist . . . . . 6-8, 26, 27, 30, 31, 34-44, 46-49, 51-53, 57, 63-66
     PREPRINT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  8, 24, 25, 29-31, 63
     Print Quality  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9, 32, 50, 64
     Printer   5-10, 12-17, 19, 24, 28, 30, 33-37, 50, 55, 56, 61-65, 67-70
     RAM  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  10, 15, 16, 55, 56, 60, 62
     Register Report  . . . . . . . . . . . . 8, 37, 40, 44, 45, 48, 49, 65
     Regular Dates  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  21, 22
     Reports  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  5-7, 46, 47, 51-53, 61
     Searching  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  27, 42, 55
     Sex  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6, 18, 36, 39, 40, 53, 66
     Sorting  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  7, 8, 43, 44
     Soundex  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6, 39, 40, 46, 47, 52, 53, 65
     Speed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  6, 9, 23, 24, 32, 33, 36, 68
     Surname  . . . . . . . .  6-9, 39, 40, 42-44, 46, 47, 51-55, 58, 65-67
     Upper Case . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6, 26, 31, 36


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