       Document 0347
 DOCN  M94A0347
 TI    Improved specificity of in vitro anti-HIV antibody production:
       implications for diagnosis and timing of transmission in infants born to
       HIV-seropositive mothers.
 DT    9412
 AU    Wang XP; Paul M; Tetali S; Abrams E; Bamji M; Gulick L; Chirmule N;
       Oyaizu N; Bakshi S; Pahwa S; Department of Pediatrics, North Shore
       University Hospital-Cornell; University Medical College, New York, New
       York 11030.
 SO    AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1994 Jun;10(6):691-9. Unique Identifier :
       AIDSLINE MED/94355114
 AB    In vitro anti-HIV antibody production (IVAP), initially introduced as a
       method for diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)
       infection in infants, has been limited in its application because of
       poor specificity and sensitivity early in life. The aims of this study
       were to improve the specificity of the IVAP assay and to evaluate its
       sensitivity in conjunction with assays of HIV culture, polymerase chain
       reaction (PCR), and p24 antigen. To prevent false-positive reactions
       resulting from maternal serum-derived cytophilic anti-HIV IgG,
       additional preculture and washing steps for peripheral blood mononuclear
       cells (PBMCs) were introduced that resulted in dramatic improvement in
       specificity of IVAP. The sensitivity of the revised IVAP at age < 3
       months in 20 infected infants was, however, only 25%; of 15 infected
       infants initially negative in IVAP, 13 became positive at a mean
       estimated age of 4.4 +/- 1.8 months. When correlated with virological
       assays, a failure to respond in IVAP at age < 1 month was often
       associated with negative virological identification, whereas a positive
       IVAP response at age < 3 months was always associated with positive
       results in all virological assays. Moreover, conversion from negative
       IVAP to positive responses occurred subsequent to, and not concurrently
       with, a positive virological identification of infected infants. The
       revised IVAP methodology renders this assay potentially useful as an
       additional tool not only for the diagnosis of HIV infection, but for
       estimating timing of maternal-infant HIV transmission as well.
 DE    *Antibody Specificity  Biological Markers  Child, Preschool
       Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay  Female  Human  *HIV Antibodies  HIV
       Infections/*CONGENITAL/*DIAGNOSIS/TRANSMISSION
       HIV-1/*IMMUNOLOGY/ISOLATION & PURIF  Infant  Infant,
       Newborn/*MICROBIOLOGY  Pregnancy  Pregnancy Complications,
       Infectious/*DIAGNOSIS  Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.  Time Factors
       JOURNAL ARTICLE

       SOURCE: National Library of Medicine.  NOTICE: This material may be
       protected by Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.Code).

