       Document 0014
 DOCN  M9550014
 TI    Common neurologic complications of HIV-1 infection and AIDS.
 DT    9505
 AU    Newton HB; Ohio State University Hospitals, Columbus.
 SO    Am Fam Physician. 1995 Feb 1;51(2):387-98. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE
       MED/95142007
 AB    Complications of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection and
       acquired immunodeficiency syndrome may involve any level of the central
       or peripheral nervous system. Acute encephalitis, aseptic meningitis and
       acute demyelinating polyneuropathy may occur early in the course of HIV
       infection, while dementia, central nervous system-related cancer,
       opportunistic infections and autonomic neuropathy typically present
       later. Headache and mental status changes are common early
       manifestations of central nervous system involvement. Most severe
       headaches are related to an identifiable cause, including a mass lesion,
       opportunistic cerebral infection and medication side effect. Memory
       deficits, concentration difficulties and abnormalities on mental status
       testing may represent early AIDS dementia complex (HIV encephalopathy),
       the most common neurologic complication. In patients with AIDs, the
       differential diagnosis of cerebral mass lesions on computed tomography
       or magnetic resonance imaging includes cerebral toxoplasmosis,
       tuberculous or fungal abscess, focal viral encephalitis, metastatic
       resonance imaging includes cerebral toxoplasmosis, tuberculous or fungal
       abscess, focal viral encephalitis, metastatic Kaposi's sarcoma and
       primary CNS lymphoma. Peripheral neuromuscular disease, including distal
       symmetric polyneuropathy, autonomic neuropathy, and HIV and chronic
       zidovudine myopathy, affects 15 to 40 percent of all persons with HIV
       infection or AIDS.
 DE    Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/*COMPLICATIONS  AIDS Dementia
       Complex/DIAGNOSIS/PHYSIOPATHOLOGY  AIDS-Related Opportunistic
       Infections/DIAGNOSIS  Human  HIV Infections/*COMPLICATIONS  *HIV-1
       Nervous System Diseases/*COMPLICATIONS  Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
       Toxoplasmosis, Cerebral/DIAGNOSIS  JOURNAL ARTICLE  REVIEW  REVIEW,
       TUTORIAL

       SOURCE: National Library of Medicine.  NOTICE: This material may be
       protected by Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.Code).

