       Document 0111
 DOCN  M9580111
 TI    Cellular immune response to Mycobacterium leprae infection in human
       immunodeficiency virus-infected individuals.
 DT    9506
 AU    Sampaio EP; Caneshi JR; Nery JA; Duppre NC; Pereira GM; Vieira LM;
       Moreira AL; Kaplan G; Sarno EN; Leprosy Department, Oswaldo Cruz
       Foundation, Manguinhos, Rio de; Janeiro, Brazil.
 SO    Infect Immun. 1995 May;63(5):1848-54. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE
       MED/95247271
 AB    The immune responses to Mycobacterium leprae and other mycobacterial
       antigens were studied in 11 leprosy patients with concurrent human
       immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection. Three patients
       manifested borderline lepromatous leprosy, and eight patients had
       borderline tuberculoid (BT) leprosy. Despite the low CD4+ T-cell count
       in the peripheral blood, no histologic or phenotypic change in the
       cellular infiltrate in either the lepromatous or tuberculoid lesions was
       observed when compared with HIV-1-negative patients. Lepromatous lesions
       contained heavily parasitized macrophages and few CD8+ T cells. Lesions
       from the patients with BT leprosy showed extensive CD4+ T-cell
       infiltration despite a significant reduction in CD4+ T-cell counts in
       the peripheral blood. No acid-fast bacilli were detected in the
       tuberculoid lesions. HIV-1 infection did not alter the lack of response
       in lepromatous leprosy to M. leprae antigens either in vitro or in vivo.
       In contrast, the skin test response to M. leprae antigens as well as the
       in vitro lymphoproliferative responses to mycobacterial antigens that
       are usually seen in patients with tuberculoid leprosy were abrogated in
       the BT HIV-1+ patients. However, production of gamma interferon in
       response to the same stimuli was preserved in most of the patients.
       Analysis of cytokine gene expression showed activation of additional
       cytokine genes in the unstimulated peripheral blood cells of patients
       with both leprosy and HIV-1 infections as compared with cells from
       patients with leprosy alone. These results suggest that granuloma
       formation in leprosy can be independent of the impaired CD4+ T-cell
       response of the HIV-1 infection. Furthermore, in HIV-1+ individuals with
       M. leprae infection, activation of cytokine genes is observed even when
       the circulating CD4+ T-cell count is significantly reduced.
 DE    Antigens, Bacterial/IMMUNOLOGY  Cytokines/BIOSYNTHESIS/GENETICS  CD4
       Lymphocyte Count  CD4-CD8 Ratio  Gene Expression  Human  HIV
       Infections/COMPLICATIONS/*IMMUNOLOGY  HIV-1/*IMMUNOLOGY
       Lepromin/IMMUNOLOGY  Leprosy/COMPLICATIONS/*IMMUNOLOGY/PATHOLOGY
       Leprosy, Lepromatous/IMMUNOLOGY  Leprosy, Tuberculoid/IMMUNOLOGY
       Leukocytes, Mononuclear/IMMUNOLOGY  *Lymphocyte Transformation  RNA,
       Messenger/ANALYSIS  Skin/PATHOLOGY  Support, Non-U.S. Gov't  Support,
       U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.  JOURNAL ARTICLE

       SOURCE: National Library of Medicine.  NOTICE: This material may be
       protected by Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.Code).

