       Document 0117
 DOCN  M95B0117
 TI    Preservation of surface-dependent properties of viral antigens following
       immobilization on particulate ceramic delivery vehicles.
 DT    9511
 AU    Kossovsky N; Gelman A; Sponsler E; Rajguru S; Torres M; Mena E; Ly K;
       Festekjian A; Department of Pathology, University of California, Los
       Angeles; School of Medicine 90024-1732, USA.
 SO    J Biomed Mater Res. 1995 May;29(5):561-73. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE
       MED/95348157
 AB    B-cell stimulation for the purpose of evoking an effective neutralizing
       humoral immune response is a surface phenomenon that is exquisitely
       specific to antigen conformation. Consequently, successful delivery of
       antigen, such as would be desired in a vaccine, entails preservation of
       an antigen's apparent native surface (conformational) properties. Prior
       to testing the actual vaccinating efficacy of delivered antigens, the
       surface properties could be assessed through a variety of in vitro and
       in vivo assays in which the measurement standard would be the properties
       of the antigens in their native state (whole virus). Using surface
       modified nanocrystalline carbon and calcium-phosphate ceramic
       particulates (carbon ceramics and brushite), we evaluated the surface
       activity of immobilized non-nuclear material extracted from HIV-1.
       Physical characterization showed that the particles with immobilized
       antigen (HIV decoys) measured 50 nm in diameter (HIV = 50-100 nm) and
       exhibited the same zeta potentials as whole (live) HIV. In vitro testing
       showed that the HIV decoys were recognized by both conformationally
       nonspecific and specific monoclonal antibodies, were recognized by human
       IgG from HIV antibody-positive patients, and could promote surface
       agglomeration among malignant T-cells similar to live HIV. Last, in vivo
       testing in three vaccinated animal species showed that the HIV decoys
       elicited humoral and cellular immune responses similar to that evoked by
       whole (live) HIV.
 DE    Animal  Antibodies, Monoclonal/ANALYSIS  Blotting, Western  Cellulose
       *Ceramics  Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel  Enzyme-Linked
       Immunosorbent Assay  Guinea Pigs  Human  HIV Antigens/ADMINISTRATION &
       DOSAGE/ANALYSIS/*IMMUNOLOGY  HIV-1/*IMMUNOLOGY/ULTRASTRUCTURE  Mice
       Mice, Inbred BALB C  Microscopy, Electron  Particle Size  Powders
       Rabbits  Skin Tests  Support, Non-U.S. Gov't  Surface Properties
       T-Lymphocytes/DRUG EFFECTS/METABOLISM  JOURNAL ARTICLE

       SOURCE: National Library of Medicine.  NOTICE: This material may be
       protected by Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.Code).

