       Document 0188
 DOCN  M95B0188
 TI    Effects of zidovudine use during pregnancy on resistance and vertical
       transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
 DT    9511
 AU    Frenkel LM; Wagner LE 2nd; Demeter LM; Dewhurst S; Coombs RW; Murante
       BL; Reichman RC; Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester, New
       York, USA.
 SO    Clin Infect Dis. 1995 May;20(5):1321-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE
       MED/95345305
 AB    The resistance of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) to
       zidovudine and the vertical transmission of the virus were assessed
       among all 62 HIV-1-infected pregnant women identified prior to delivery
       at one institution. HIV-1 was transmitted to infants from 11 (26%) of 42
       women who did not receive oral zidovudine but from only 1 of 20 women
       given such treatment (P = .04). Isolates of HIV-1 from 16 of the 20
       zidovudine-treated women were available. Twelve of 16 isolates were
       wild-type for pol codons 41, 67, 70, 215, and 219; two (one susceptible
       and one moderately resistant to zidovudine) had mutations at codon 70;
       and two (both highly resistant to zidovudine) had mutations at codons 41
       and 215. The virus was vertically transmitted from a woman infected with
       one of the highly resistant strains, and the infant's isolate was highly
       resistant to zidovudine. These limited data suggest that maternal
       treatment with oral zidovudine reduces the rate of vertical transmission
       of HIV-1 but that vertical transmission of virus resistant to zidovudine
       can occur.
 DE    Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/DRUG THERAPY/*TRANSMISSION  Base
       Sequence  *Disease Transmission, Vertical  Drug Resistance  Female
       Human  HIV-1/*DRUG EFFECTS  Infant  Infant, Newborn  Molecular Sequence
       Data  Pregnancy  Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/*DRUG THERAPY
       Retrospective Studies  Support, Non-U.S. Gov't  Support, U.S. Gov't,
       P.H.S.  Zidovudine/*THERAPEUTIC USE  JOURNAL ARTICLE

       SOURCE: National Library of Medicine.  NOTICE: This material may be
       protected by Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.Code).

